Test Bank for Essentials of Pathophysiology: Concepts of Altered Health States 4th Edition by Carol Porth RN MSN PhD | Complete Guide A+

Test Bank For:
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Essentials of Pathophysiology: Concepts of Altered
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Health States 4th Edition by Carol Porth | Complete Guide
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A+ b

,Essentials of Pathophysiology 4th Edition by Porth Test Bank Chapter
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01 - Cell Structure and Function
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MULTIPLE CHOICE b




(Answers are at the end of each Chapter) b b b b b b b




1. The nucleus b , which is essential for function and survival of the cell.
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a. is the site of protein synthesis
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b. contains the genetic code b b b




c. transforms cellular energy b b




d. initiates aerobic metabolism b b




2. Although energy is not made in mitochondria, they are known as the power plants of the cell because they:
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a. contain RNA for protein synthesis. b b b b




b. utilize glycolysis for oxidative energy.
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c. extract energy from organic compounds.
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d. store calcium bonds for muscle contractions.
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3. Although the basic structure of the cell plasma membrane is formed by a lipid bilayer, most of the
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specific membrane functions are carried out by:
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a. bound and transmembrane proteins.
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b. complex, long carbohydrate chains. b b b




c. surface antigens and hormone receptors. b b b b




d. a gating system of selective ion channels.
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4. To effectively relay signals, cell-to-cell communication utilizes chemical messenger systems that:
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a. displace surface receptor proteins. b b b




b. accumulate within cell gap junctions. b b b b




c. bind to contractile microfilaments.
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d. release secretions into extracellular fluid
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5. Aerobic metabolism, also known as oxidative metabolism, provides energy by:
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, a. removing the phosphate bonds from ATP. b b b b b




b. combining hydrogen and oxygen to form water.
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c. activating pyruvate stored in the cytoplasm.
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d. breaking down glucose to form lactic acid.
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6. Exocytosis, the reverse of endocytosis, is important in
b b b b b b b into the extracellular fluid.
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a. Engulfing and ingesting fluid and proteins for transport
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b. Killing, degrading, and dissolving harmful microorganisms
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c. Removing cellular debris and releasing synthesized substances
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d. Destruction of particles by lysosomal enzymes for secretion b b b b b b b




7. The process responsible for generating and conducting membrane potentials is:
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a. diffusion of current-carrying ions. b b b




b. millivoltage of electrical potential. b b b




c. polarization of charged particles. b b b




d. ion channel neurotransmission.
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8. Epithelial tissues are classified according to the shape of the cells and the number of layers. Which of the
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following is a correctly matched description and type of epithelial tissue?
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a. Simple epithelium: cells in contact with intercellular matrix; some do not extend to surface
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b. Stratified epithelium: single layer of cells; all cells rest on basement membrane
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c. Glandular epithelium: arise from surface epithelia and underlying connective tissue
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d. Pseudostratified epithelium: multiple layers of cells; deepest layer rests on basement membrane
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9. Connective tissue contains fibroblasts that are responsible for:
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a. providing a fibrous framework for capillaries.
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, b. synthesis of collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers.
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c. forming tendons and the fascia that covers muscles.
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d. filling spaces between tissues to keep organs in place.
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10. Although all muscle tissue cells have some similarities, smooth muscle (also known as involuntary
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muscle) differs by:
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A) having dense bodies attached to actin filaments.
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B) containing sarcomeres between Z lines and M bands. b b b b b b b




C) having rapid contractions and abundant cross-striations.
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D) contracting in response to increased intracellular calcium. b b b b b b




11. Which of the following aspects of the function of the nucleus is performed by ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?
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A) Copying and carrying DNA instructions for protein synthesis
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B) Carrying amino acids to the site of protein synthesis
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C) Providing the site where protein synthesis occurs b b b b b b




D) Regulating and controlling protein synthesis b b b b




12. Breakdown and removal of foreign substances and worn-out cell parts are performed by which of the
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following organelles?
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A) Lysosomes


B) Golgi apparatus b




C) Ribosomes


D) Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) b b




13. Impairment in the function of peroxisomes would result in:
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A) inadequate sites for protein synthesis. b b b b




B) an inability to transport cellular products across the cell membrane.
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