NURS5433 FNP RENAL MOCK EXAM 50 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WINTER 2025 UTA

📝 RENAL MOCK EXAM (50 QUESTIONS)
Choose the BEST answer.

CKD / AKI
1. A patient has a GFR of 52 for 4 months. What is the diagnosis?
A. AKI
B. CKD Stage 2
C. CKD Stage 3a
D. ESRD

2. When should a PCP refer a patient with CKD?
A. Stage 1
B. Stage 2
C. Stage 3
D. Stage 5

3. Which medication is FIRST LINE to slow CKD progression?
A. Beta blocker
B. ACE inhibitor
C. Loop diuretic
D. Calcium channel blocker

4. Which patient is at highest risk for CKD?
A. 25-year-old athlete
B. Patient with diabetes
C. Patient with migraine
D. Patient with asthma

5. Which lab best reflects kidney function?
A. Sodium
B. Creatinine
C. Hemoglobin
D. Potassium

6. AKI is defined as:
A. GFR <60 for 3 months
B. Creatinine increase ≥0.3 in 48 hrs
C. Proteinuria >300
D. Hematuria

7. Which is reversible?
A. CKD
B. ESRD
C. AKI
D. Nephropathy

8. Which is a common cause of AKI?
A. Hypertension
B. Diabetes

,C. Dehydration
D. Hyperlipidemia

9. Which drug is nephrotoxic?
A. Acetaminophen
B. NSAIDs
C. Metformin
D. Insulin

10. A CKD patient should avoid:
A. ACE inhibitors
B. NSAIDs
C. Beta blockers
D. Diuretics

UTI / PYELONEPHRITIS
11. Most common cause of UTI?
A. Staph aureus
B. E. coli
C. Pseudomonas
D. Enterococcus

12. Classic UTI symptoms include:
A. Flank pain + fever
B. Dysuria + urgency
C. Hemoptysis
D. Edema

13. Positive nitrites indicate:
A. Gram-positive bacteria
B. Gram-negative bacteria
C. Viral infection
D. Fungal infection

14. A patient has dysuria but negative dipstick. What next?
A. Ignore
B. Repeat test
C. Urine culture
D. CT scan

15. Which medication treats uncomplicated UTI?
A. Nitrofurantoin
B. Vancomycin
C. Penicillin G
D. Acyclovir

16. Which symptom suggests pyelonephritis?
A. Frequency
B. Dysuria

, C. Flank pain + fever
D. Urgency

17. Key diagnostic finding in pyelonephritis:
A. RBC casts
B. WBC casts
C. Proteinuria
D. Glucose

18. Best treatment for pyelonephritis?
A. Nitrofurantoin
B. Fluoroquinolone
C. Topical antibiotic
D. Antifungal

19. Why is nitrofurantoin NOT used for pyelonephritis?
A. Too strong
B. Poor kidney penetration
C. Causes HTN
D. Expensive

20. Which requires hospitalization?
A. Mild UTI
B. Asymptomatic bacteriuria
C. Severe pyelonephritis
D. Dysuria

HEMATURIA / CANCER
21. Most concerning cause of hematuria in older adults?
A. UTI
B. Stones
C. Cancer
D. Trauma

22. Classic symptom of bladder cancer?
A. Painful urination
B. Painless hematuria
C. Fever
D. Dysuria

23. Biggest risk factor for bladder cancer?
A. Obesity
B. Smoking
C. Alcohol
D. Exercise