ASPEN Self-Study CNSC COMPLETE EXAM
LATEST VERSION 2026-2027 QUESTIONS
AND 100% Verified ANSWERS
The presence of which of the following facilitates the absorption of sodium in
the lumen of the small intestine?
1. glucose
2. potassium
3. vitamin D
4. protein - answer>>>1. glucose
How does the presence of glucose in the lumen of the small intestine impact
sodium absorption? - answer>>>The presence of glucose facilitates sodium
absorption. Glucose is co-transported wit sodium in the small intestine
enhancing both sodium and water uptake.
What 2 nutrients should oral rehydration fluids include? - answer>>>Oral
rehydration fluids used to treat diarrhea should contain both NaCl and
glucose
MCT do not require the formation of micelles or bile salts for absorption because
they are
1. fat soluble
2. 2-5 carbons in length
3. water-soluble
4. anti-inflammatory - answer>>>3. water-soluble
How are MCTs absorbed? - answer>>>MCTs are hydrolyzed and pass
through the enterocytes directly into the portal circulation
Mucosal atrophy that accompanies bowel rest may result from an absence of
, ASPEN Self-Study CNSC COMPLETE EXAM
LATEST VERSION 2026-2027 QUESTIONS
AND 100% Verified ANSWERS
1. short chain fatty acids
2. glutamine
3. glucose
4. L-cysteine - answer>>>2. Glutamine
Name 4 situations that result in mucosal atrophy. - answer>>>1. periods of bowel
rest
2. minimal PO intake
3. stress
4. absence of glutamine
What is the principal metabolic fuel for intestinal cells? - answer>>>Glutamine
How can parenteral glutamine impact mucosal atrophy? - answer>>>Atrophic
changes during bowel rest have been decreased with glutamine supplemented
parenteral nutrition
An enzyme deficiency commonly seen in African Americans and Native
Americans is:
1. lactase
2. maltase
3. amylase
4. sucrase - answer>>>1. Lactase
What populations are more prone to lactase deficiency? (4) - answer>>>1.
African Americans
2. Native Americans
3. Asians
, ASPEN Self-Study CNSC COMPLETE EXAM
LATEST VERSION 2026-2027 QUESTIONS
AND 100% Verified ANSWERS
4. Mediterranean descendents
What percentage of African Americans, Native Americans, Asian and
Mediterranean descendents are deficient of lactase enzyme? - answer>>>70-
100%
, ASPEN Self-Study CNSC COMPLETE EXAM
LATEST VERSION 2026-2027 QUESTIONS
AND 100% Verified ANSWERS
2 treatment options for lactose intolerance? - answer>>>1. Low
lactose diet 2. Supplemental oral lactase
Symptoms of diarrhea, bloating and flatulence after ingestion of sugar are caused
by
1. hydrolysis of lactose into monosaccharides
2. deficiency of brush border oligosaccharidases
3. decreased osmotic pressure in the colon
4. digestion of
starches in the small intestine - answer>>>2.
Deficiency of brush border oligosaccharidases
How does brush border oligosaccharidase deficiency lead to symptoms of
diarrhea, bloating and flatulence after ingestion of sugar? - answer>>>A
deficiency in brush border oligosaccharidases allows osmotically active
undigested oligosaccharides to cause a shift of water into the intestinal lumen.
The resulting increased pressure exerted by luminal contents increases further
when colonic bacteria act on remaining oligosaccharides, thus increasing the
number of osmotically active particles. Formation of CO2 and H2 from
disaccharides further increases flatulence and bloating
The majority of fat digestion occurs in the:
1. ileum
2. mouth
3. colon
4. duodenum - answer>>>4. duodenum
How is the majority of fat digestion accomplished? - answer>>>Fat digestion
begins in the mouth and stomach, but the majority of fat digestion occurs in
LATEST VERSION 2026-2027 QUESTIONS
AND 100% Verified ANSWERS
The presence of which of the following facilitates the absorption of sodium in
the lumen of the small intestine?
1. glucose
2. potassium
3. vitamin D
4. protein - answer>>>1. glucose
How does the presence of glucose in the lumen of the small intestine impact
sodium absorption? - answer>>>The presence of glucose facilitates sodium
absorption. Glucose is co-transported wit sodium in the small intestine
enhancing both sodium and water uptake.
What 2 nutrients should oral rehydration fluids include? - answer>>>Oral
rehydration fluids used to treat diarrhea should contain both NaCl and
glucose
MCT do not require the formation of micelles or bile salts for absorption because
they are
1. fat soluble
2. 2-5 carbons in length
3. water-soluble
4. anti-inflammatory - answer>>>3. water-soluble
How are MCTs absorbed? - answer>>>MCTs are hydrolyzed and pass
through the enterocytes directly into the portal circulation
Mucosal atrophy that accompanies bowel rest may result from an absence of
, ASPEN Self-Study CNSC COMPLETE EXAM
LATEST VERSION 2026-2027 QUESTIONS
AND 100% Verified ANSWERS
1. short chain fatty acids
2. glutamine
3. glucose
4. L-cysteine - answer>>>2. Glutamine
Name 4 situations that result in mucosal atrophy. - answer>>>1. periods of bowel
rest
2. minimal PO intake
3. stress
4. absence of glutamine
What is the principal metabolic fuel for intestinal cells? - answer>>>Glutamine
How can parenteral glutamine impact mucosal atrophy? - answer>>>Atrophic
changes during bowel rest have been decreased with glutamine supplemented
parenteral nutrition
An enzyme deficiency commonly seen in African Americans and Native
Americans is:
1. lactase
2. maltase
3. amylase
4. sucrase - answer>>>1. Lactase
What populations are more prone to lactase deficiency? (4) - answer>>>1.
African Americans
2. Native Americans
3. Asians
, ASPEN Self-Study CNSC COMPLETE EXAM
LATEST VERSION 2026-2027 QUESTIONS
AND 100% Verified ANSWERS
4. Mediterranean descendents
What percentage of African Americans, Native Americans, Asian and
Mediterranean descendents are deficient of lactase enzyme? - answer>>>70-
100%
, ASPEN Self-Study CNSC COMPLETE EXAM
LATEST VERSION 2026-2027 QUESTIONS
AND 100% Verified ANSWERS
2 treatment options for lactose intolerance? - answer>>>1. Low
lactose diet 2. Supplemental oral lactase
Symptoms of diarrhea, bloating and flatulence after ingestion of sugar are caused
by
1. hydrolysis of lactose into monosaccharides
2. deficiency of brush border oligosaccharidases
3. decreased osmotic pressure in the colon
4. digestion of
starches in the small intestine - answer>>>2.
Deficiency of brush border oligosaccharidases
How does brush border oligosaccharidase deficiency lead to symptoms of
diarrhea, bloating and flatulence after ingestion of sugar? - answer>>>A
deficiency in brush border oligosaccharidases allows osmotically active
undigested oligosaccharides to cause a shift of water into the intestinal lumen.
The resulting increased pressure exerted by luminal contents increases further
when colonic bacteria act on remaining oligosaccharides, thus increasing the
number of osmotically active particles. Formation of CO2 and H2 from
disaccharides further increases flatulence and bloating
The majority of fat digestion occurs in the:
1. ileum
2. mouth
3. colon
4. duodenum - answer>>>4. duodenum
How is the majority of fat digestion accomplished? - answer>>>Fat digestion
begins in the mouth and stomach, but the majority of fat digestion occurs in
