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6P-Intervention in Reducing Falls among Home-Care Residents
Rosalie Mbou
School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Capella University
NURS-FPX8045: Doctoral Writing and Professional Practice
Dr. Madeline Gervase
April 15, 2025
, 2
6P-Intervention in Reducing Falls among Home-Care Residents
Falls, defined as a situation where a person inadvertently drops to a lower level or the
floor, is a major health challenge for the older adults. Aging increases their susceptibility to falls,
as it is associated with worsening gait, cognitive decline, poor vision, poor hearing, and poor
proprioception (Giovannini et al., 2022). It is estimated that around 35% of older adults between
age of 65 and 70 years suffer from falls, with the percentage increasing to more than 40% for
those above the age of 70 years. More than 50% of these falls lead to injury with around 10%
causing serious harm (Hassan et al., 2024). Consequences of falls include low quality of life,
psychological distress, fractures, loss of independence, and even declines in self-care ability.
Older adults receiving care in short-and-long term care facilities often benefit from
evidence-based intentional rounding interventions such as 4-P approaches (positioning, personal
needs, pain, and placement). Such approaches on structured processes that allow nurses to check
patients’ fundamental needs and meet them. Intentional rounding protocols such as 4P and 6P
(pain, position, personal needs, pathway, possessions and plan) have been shown to reduce falls
and risk of falls among older adults living in short-term and long term care facilities (Anugwom,
2021; Jamison, 2022; Riemenschneider, 2021). However, their efficacy in reducing falls in older
residents receiving home care remains unknown. The reason is that unlike nursing home settings,
where standardization of care is common, home-based care is often tailored to the needs of each
patient (Campani et al., 2020). As such, the current paper sought to review existing evidence on
the efficacy of intentional rounding in reducing falls among older receiving in-home care. The
following PICOT Question was developed to guide the literature review.
PICOT: For the staff caring for elderly patients admitted to in-home care services, (P),
how does a nurse-led 6Ps (Pain, Position, Personal Needs, Pathway, Possessions, and Plan)
6P-Intervention in Reducing Falls among Home-Care Residents
Rosalie Mbou
School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Capella University
NURS-FPX8045: Doctoral Writing and Professional Practice
Dr. Madeline Gervase
April 15, 2025
, 2
6P-Intervention in Reducing Falls among Home-Care Residents
Falls, defined as a situation where a person inadvertently drops to a lower level or the
floor, is a major health challenge for the older adults. Aging increases their susceptibility to falls,
as it is associated with worsening gait, cognitive decline, poor vision, poor hearing, and poor
proprioception (Giovannini et al., 2022). It is estimated that around 35% of older adults between
age of 65 and 70 years suffer from falls, with the percentage increasing to more than 40% for
those above the age of 70 years. More than 50% of these falls lead to injury with around 10%
causing serious harm (Hassan et al., 2024). Consequences of falls include low quality of life,
psychological distress, fractures, loss of independence, and even declines in self-care ability.
Older adults receiving care in short-and-long term care facilities often benefit from
evidence-based intentional rounding interventions such as 4-P approaches (positioning, personal
needs, pain, and placement). Such approaches on structured processes that allow nurses to check
patients’ fundamental needs and meet them. Intentional rounding protocols such as 4P and 6P
(pain, position, personal needs, pathway, possessions and plan) have been shown to reduce falls
and risk of falls among older adults living in short-term and long term care facilities (Anugwom,
2021; Jamison, 2022; Riemenschneider, 2021). However, their efficacy in reducing falls in older
residents receiving home care remains unknown. The reason is that unlike nursing home settings,
where standardization of care is common, home-based care is often tailored to the needs of each
patient (Campani et al., 2020). As such, the current paper sought to review existing evidence on
the efficacy of intentional rounding in reducing falls among older receiving in-home care. The
following PICOT Question was developed to guide the literature review.
PICOT: For the staff caring for elderly patients admitted to in-home care services, (P),
how does a nurse-led 6Ps (Pain, Position, Personal Needs, Pathway, Possessions, and Plan)
