SDS EXAM NBRC EXAM 3 2026 FINAL REVIEW
PACK COMPLETE QUESTION SET AND CORE
CONCEPT SUMMARY
◉ Intake exceeds output. Answer: -weight gain
-electrolyte imbalance
-increased hemodynamic pressures
-decreased lung compliance
◉ Central Venous Pressure (CVP). Answer: can indicate changes in
fluid balance
◉ Normal CVP. Answer: 2-6mmHg or 4-12cmH20
-decreased CVP can indicate hypovalemia (fluid therapy)
-increased CVP can indicate hypervalemia (diuretics)
◉ Stuporous, confused , sleepy. Answer: consider sleep apnea or
excessive O2 therapy (COPD patient)
◉ Semicomatose. Answer: responds only to painful stimuli
,◉ Obtunded. Answer: drowsy state, may have decreased cough or
gag reflux (protect airway)
◉ Coma. Answer: does not respond to painful stimuli
◉ Electrolyte Imbalance Traits. Answer: anger, combative, irritable
◉ Drug Overdose Traits. Answer: Euphoria-intense feelings of
emotions (joy)
◉ Panic Traits. Answer: severe hypoxemia, tension pnemothorax,
status asthmaticus, or possibly AAA (abdominal aortic anerysm)
◉ Activites of Daily Living (ADL) Scoring. Answer: Katz Scoring
System
0-dependent
6-independent
◉ Orthopnea. Answer: difficulty breathing except in the upright
position (CHF)
◉ Genreal malaise. Answer: run down feeling, nausea, weakness,
fatique, headache (consider electrolyte imbalance)
, ◉ COPD diet. Answer: high fats, low carbs (carbs causes higher CO2)
◉ Edema. Answer: caused by CHF and renal failure
occurs primarily in arms and ankles
◉ Ascites. Answer: accumulation of fluid in the abdomen generally
caused by liver failure
◉ Clubbing of fingers. Answer: caused by chronic hypoxemia
presence of clubbing suggests pulmonary disease
◉ Venous distension or Jugular venous distension (JVD). Answer:
occurs with CHF
seen during exhalation in patients with obstructive lung disease
◉ Capillary refill. Answer: indication of peripheral circulation
color should return within 3 seconds
◉ Diaphoresis. Answer: heart failure (recommend diuretics, positive
inotropic agents)
fever, infection (recommend antibiotics)
PACK COMPLETE QUESTION SET AND CORE
CONCEPT SUMMARY
◉ Intake exceeds output. Answer: -weight gain
-electrolyte imbalance
-increased hemodynamic pressures
-decreased lung compliance
◉ Central Venous Pressure (CVP). Answer: can indicate changes in
fluid balance
◉ Normal CVP. Answer: 2-6mmHg or 4-12cmH20
-decreased CVP can indicate hypovalemia (fluid therapy)
-increased CVP can indicate hypervalemia (diuretics)
◉ Stuporous, confused , sleepy. Answer: consider sleep apnea or
excessive O2 therapy (COPD patient)
◉ Semicomatose. Answer: responds only to painful stimuli
,◉ Obtunded. Answer: drowsy state, may have decreased cough or
gag reflux (protect airway)
◉ Coma. Answer: does not respond to painful stimuli
◉ Electrolyte Imbalance Traits. Answer: anger, combative, irritable
◉ Drug Overdose Traits. Answer: Euphoria-intense feelings of
emotions (joy)
◉ Panic Traits. Answer: severe hypoxemia, tension pnemothorax,
status asthmaticus, or possibly AAA (abdominal aortic anerysm)
◉ Activites of Daily Living (ADL) Scoring. Answer: Katz Scoring
System
0-dependent
6-independent
◉ Orthopnea. Answer: difficulty breathing except in the upright
position (CHF)
◉ Genreal malaise. Answer: run down feeling, nausea, weakness,
fatique, headache (consider electrolyte imbalance)
, ◉ COPD diet. Answer: high fats, low carbs (carbs causes higher CO2)
◉ Edema. Answer: caused by CHF and renal failure
occurs primarily in arms and ankles
◉ Ascites. Answer: accumulation of fluid in the abdomen generally
caused by liver failure
◉ Clubbing of fingers. Answer: caused by chronic hypoxemia
presence of clubbing suggests pulmonary disease
◉ Venous distension or Jugular venous distension (JVD). Answer:
occurs with CHF
seen during exhalation in patients with obstructive lung disease
◉ Capillary refill. Answer: indication of peripheral circulation
color should return within 3 seconds
◉ Diaphoresis. Answer: heart failure (recommend diuretics, positive
inotropic agents)
fever, infection (recommend antibiotics)
