PSYCHOLOGY 104 FINAL EXAM PREP PACK COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE, PRACTICE
QUESTIONS & DETAILED ANSWERS (WITH RATIONALES) EXAM FULL 100-QUESTION
EXAM SIMULATION
SECTION 1: SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
Q1. Which concept explains how individuals adjust their behavior to align with group
norms?
A. Obedience
B. Conformity
C. Social facilitation
D. Group polarization
Answer: B. Conformity
Expanded Rationale:
Conformity occurs when individuals change behavior or beliefs to match a group. Classic
studies (e.g., line judgment experiments) show people conform even when the group is
wrong.
• Obedience = following authority
• Conformity = following peers
Q2. Which factor most increases the likelihood of conformity?
A. Small group size
B. Unanimous group opinion
C. High self-esteem
D. Easy task
Answer: B. Unanimous group opinion
Expanded Rationale:
Conformity is strongest when:
• Group is unanimous
• Group size is moderate (3–5 people)
, • Task is difficult
Breaking unanimity dramatically reduces conformity.
Q3. The tendency to attribute others’ behavior to internal factors is called:
A. Self-serving bias
B. Fundamental attribution error
C. Actor-observer bias
D. Cognitive dissonance
Answer: B. Fundamental attribution error
Expanded Rationale:
We overestimate personality causes and underestimate situational factors when judging
others.
Example: “He failed because he’s lazy” instead of considering circumstances.
Q4. Which term refers to improved performance in the presence of others?
A. Social loafing
B. Social facilitation
C. Deindividuation
D. Groupthink
Answer: B. Social facilitation
Expanded Rationale:
Performance improves on simple tasks but may worsen on complex tasks due to pressure.
Q5. Groupthink results in:
A. Better decisions
B. Critical thinking
C. Poor decision-making
D. Increased creativity
Answer: C. Poor decision-making
, Expanded Rationale:
Groupthink suppresses dissent to maintain harmony, leading to flawed decisions.
Symptoms:
• Illusion of invulnerability
• Pressure to conform
SECTION 2: PERSONALITY
Q6. Freud’s personality structure includes:
A. Conscious, unconscious, preconscious
B. Id, ego, superego
C. Traits, types, states
D. Behavior, cognition, emotion
Answer: B. Id, ego, superego
Expanded Rationale:
• Id = pleasure principle
• Ego = reality principle
• Superego = morality
Conflict among these shapes personality.
Q7. The Big Five trait “agreeableness” refers to:
A. Emotional instability
B. Friendliness and cooperation
C. Creativity
D. Organization
Answer: B. Friendliness and cooperation
Q8. A person who is organized and responsible scores high in:
QUESTIONS & DETAILED ANSWERS (WITH RATIONALES) EXAM FULL 100-QUESTION
EXAM SIMULATION
SECTION 1: SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
Q1. Which concept explains how individuals adjust their behavior to align with group
norms?
A. Obedience
B. Conformity
C. Social facilitation
D. Group polarization
Answer: B. Conformity
Expanded Rationale:
Conformity occurs when individuals change behavior or beliefs to match a group. Classic
studies (e.g., line judgment experiments) show people conform even when the group is
wrong.
• Obedience = following authority
• Conformity = following peers
Q2. Which factor most increases the likelihood of conformity?
A. Small group size
B. Unanimous group opinion
C. High self-esteem
D. Easy task
Answer: B. Unanimous group opinion
Expanded Rationale:
Conformity is strongest when:
• Group is unanimous
• Group size is moderate (3–5 people)
, • Task is difficult
Breaking unanimity dramatically reduces conformity.
Q3. The tendency to attribute others’ behavior to internal factors is called:
A. Self-serving bias
B. Fundamental attribution error
C. Actor-observer bias
D. Cognitive dissonance
Answer: B. Fundamental attribution error
Expanded Rationale:
We overestimate personality causes and underestimate situational factors when judging
others.
Example: “He failed because he’s lazy” instead of considering circumstances.
Q4. Which term refers to improved performance in the presence of others?
A. Social loafing
B. Social facilitation
C. Deindividuation
D. Groupthink
Answer: B. Social facilitation
Expanded Rationale:
Performance improves on simple tasks but may worsen on complex tasks due to pressure.
Q5. Groupthink results in:
A. Better decisions
B. Critical thinking
C. Poor decision-making
D. Increased creativity
Answer: C. Poor decision-making
, Expanded Rationale:
Groupthink suppresses dissent to maintain harmony, leading to flawed decisions.
Symptoms:
• Illusion of invulnerability
• Pressure to conform
SECTION 2: PERSONALITY
Q6. Freud’s personality structure includes:
A. Conscious, unconscious, preconscious
B. Id, ego, superego
C. Traits, types, states
D. Behavior, cognition, emotion
Answer: B. Id, ego, superego
Expanded Rationale:
• Id = pleasure principle
• Ego = reality principle
• Superego = morality
Conflict among these shapes personality.
Q7. The Big Five trait “agreeableness” refers to:
A. Emotional instability
B. Friendliness and cooperation
C. Creativity
D. Organization
Answer: B. Friendliness and cooperation
Q8. A person who is organized and responsible scores high in:
