CRT/RRT (NBRC) FULL REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS brand new
2025/2026
Bronchophony / whispered pectoriloquy - ANSWER ->increased
intensity or transmission of the spoken voice and
indicate CONSOLIDATION or PNEUMONIA
-increase in spoken voice = consolidation
-decrease in spoken voice = obstruction, pneumo, emphysema
Rales - ANSWER ->-crackles
-secretions/fluid
Coarse rales - ANSWER ->-rhonchi
-LARGE airway secretions
-needs suctioning
medium rales - ANSWER ->-middle airway secretions
needs CPT
Fine rales - ANSWER ->-fluid in alveoli
-CHF, pulmonary edema
-IPPB, heart drugs, diuretics and O2
Wheeze - ANSWER ->-due to bronchospasm
,-bronchodilator Tx
-unilateral wheeze indicative of a foreign body obstruction
stridor - ANSWER ->-upper airway obstruction -supraglottic
swelling (epiglottitis) (thumb sign)
-subglottic swelling (croup, postextubation) (steeple sign)
-foreign body aspiration
-Racemic epinephrine
-intubation if MARKED stridor
-Lateral neck Xray for confirmation
Pleural friction rub - ANSWER ->-coarse grating or crunching
sound
-visceral and parietal pleura rubbing together
-associated with TB, pneumonia, pulmonary infarction, cancer
-steroids and antibiotics
Heart Sound S₁ - ANSWER ->-closure of the mitral and tricuspid
valves at the beginning of ventricular contraction
Heart Sound S₂ - ANSWER ->-closure of pulmonic and aortic
valves
,-
occurs when systole ends; ventricles relax
Heart Sound S₃ - ANSWER ->-abnormal and may suggest CHF
Heart Sound S₄ - ANSWER ->-abnormal and indicative of cardiac
abnormality such as myocardial infarction or cardiomegaly
Heart murmurs - ANSWER ->-sounds caused by turbulent blood
flow
-heart valve defects or congenital heart abnormalities
-can occur when blood is pushed through an abnormal opening
(ASD, PDA)
Bruits - ANSWER ->-sounds made in an artery or vein when
blood flow becomes turbulent or flows at an abnormal speed.
-usually heard via stethoscope over the identified vessel
(carotid artery)
Blood pressure - ANSWER ->-systolic and diastolic pressures
-sphygmomanometer to measure cuff pressures
-↑BP = cardiac stress = hypoxemia
-↓BP = poor perfusion = hypovolemia, CHF
, -
Costophrenic Angle - ANSWER ->-angle made by the outer
curve of the diaphragm and the chest wall -obliterated by
pleural effusions and pneumonia
Diaphragm - ANSWER ->-dome shaped normally
-flattened with COPD
hemidiaphragms may shift downward with pneumothorax -
right hemidiaphragm is level of 6th anterior rib and slightly
higher than the left
-right lung: 55% and appear larger than left lung
Lateral decubitus CXR - ANSWER ->-patient lying on affected
side
-detecting small pleural effusions
End expiratory film - ANSWER ->-taken when patient is at
endexhalation
-detecting small pneumothorax/foreign body aspiration (FBA)
Position of ET/Tracheostomy tube - ANSWER ->-tip should be
positioned below the vocal chords and no closer than 2 cm or 1
inch above the carina.
-approx same level of the aortic knob/arch
-observation and auscultation will quickly determine adequate
ventilation before CXR is taken
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS brand new
2025/2026
Bronchophony / whispered pectoriloquy - ANSWER ->increased
intensity or transmission of the spoken voice and
indicate CONSOLIDATION or PNEUMONIA
-increase in spoken voice = consolidation
-decrease in spoken voice = obstruction, pneumo, emphysema
Rales - ANSWER ->-crackles
-secretions/fluid
Coarse rales - ANSWER ->-rhonchi
-LARGE airway secretions
-needs suctioning
medium rales - ANSWER ->-middle airway secretions
needs CPT
Fine rales - ANSWER ->-fluid in alveoli
-CHF, pulmonary edema
-IPPB, heart drugs, diuretics and O2
Wheeze - ANSWER ->-due to bronchospasm
,-bronchodilator Tx
-unilateral wheeze indicative of a foreign body obstruction
stridor - ANSWER ->-upper airway obstruction -supraglottic
swelling (epiglottitis) (thumb sign)
-subglottic swelling (croup, postextubation) (steeple sign)
-foreign body aspiration
-Racemic epinephrine
-intubation if MARKED stridor
-Lateral neck Xray for confirmation
Pleural friction rub - ANSWER ->-coarse grating or crunching
sound
-visceral and parietal pleura rubbing together
-associated with TB, pneumonia, pulmonary infarction, cancer
-steroids and antibiotics
Heart Sound S₁ - ANSWER ->-closure of the mitral and tricuspid
valves at the beginning of ventricular contraction
Heart Sound S₂ - ANSWER ->-closure of pulmonic and aortic
valves
,-
occurs when systole ends; ventricles relax
Heart Sound S₃ - ANSWER ->-abnormal and may suggest CHF
Heart Sound S₄ - ANSWER ->-abnormal and indicative of cardiac
abnormality such as myocardial infarction or cardiomegaly
Heart murmurs - ANSWER ->-sounds caused by turbulent blood
flow
-heart valve defects or congenital heart abnormalities
-can occur when blood is pushed through an abnormal opening
(ASD, PDA)
Bruits - ANSWER ->-sounds made in an artery or vein when
blood flow becomes turbulent or flows at an abnormal speed.
-usually heard via stethoscope over the identified vessel
(carotid artery)
Blood pressure - ANSWER ->-systolic and diastolic pressures
-sphygmomanometer to measure cuff pressures
-↑BP = cardiac stress = hypoxemia
-↓BP = poor perfusion = hypovolemia, CHF
, -
Costophrenic Angle - ANSWER ->-angle made by the outer
curve of the diaphragm and the chest wall -obliterated by
pleural effusions and pneumonia
Diaphragm - ANSWER ->-dome shaped normally
-flattened with COPD
hemidiaphragms may shift downward with pneumothorax -
right hemidiaphragm is level of 6th anterior rib and slightly
higher than the left
-right lung: 55% and appear larger than left lung
Lateral decubitus CXR - ANSWER ->-patient lying on affected
side
-detecting small pleural effusions
End expiratory film - ANSWER ->-taken when patient is at
endexhalation
-detecting small pneumothorax/foreign body aspiration (FBA)
Position of ET/Tracheostomy tube - ANSWER ->-tip should be
positioned below the vocal chords and no closer than 2 cm or 1
inch above the carina.
-approx same level of the aortic knob/arch
-observation and auscultation will quickly determine adequate
ventilation before CXR is taken
