CARDIAC VASCULAR NURSING TEST|QUESTIONS AND APPROVED
ANSWERS|NEW UPDATE!!! 2026|GRADED A+
The distinguishing feature to identify a ST-segment elevation MI is: - ANSWERpresence of ST-segment
elevation
ST-segment elevation on the 12-lead ECG is the trigger implementation intervention to open the
occluded coronary artery
Patient with heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) experience a high rate of up to 50% in
NYHA Class IV with which a cardiac rhythm? - ANSWERAfib
Patient with HF have been found to have very high incidence of atrial fibrilliation that increases as the
NTHA class of heart failure increases, hence the need for treatment including anticoagulation,
pharmacologic, antiarrhythmia therapy and rate control.
A patient underwent conronary artery bypass surgery four days ago. This morning the nurse finds the
patient very emotional and tearful. The nurse knows this represents: - ANSWERDepression related to
change in body image
Depression is very common following cardiac surgery and is often manifested by tearfulness.
A strategy used by nurses to promote positive communication is: - ANSWERRestating
Restating what the patient has said often encourages the patient to discuss further.
A provider has just finished rounding on their patients on your unit. The provider notes that their
recently admitted patient has Janeway lesions. You know these are associated with: - ANSWERBacterial
Endocarditis
These are purple-red lesions associated with bacterial endocarditis found on arms, legs, palms, and soles
of feet.
,A nursing dx or potential patient problem that would apply to the patient undergoing cardiac surgery
would be: - ANSWERPotential fear or znxiety related to the possibility of death during the surgery
Many pts verbalize fear/anxiety pre-operatively related to their cardiac surgerical procedure. Often,
they are afraid they will die during surgery
A nurse dx following cardiac transplantation would be - ANSWERpotential for rejection
Immunosuppressive therapy is to prevent rejection. However, there is always a risk of rejection.
Which statement describes an elevated troponin level? - ANSWERCan be a result of myocardial injury
Troponin, specifically hs-cTn has been shown to be the most sensitive biomarker for myocardial injury.
Echocardiography may be useful following AMI for: - ANSWERDetection of wall motion abnormalities
ECHO has been found to be useful in detecting wall motion abnormalities in patients with transmural
myocardial infarctions.
Right ventricular MI is most often a result of a blockage in the - ANSWERRight coronary artery
in 85% of patients the right coronary artery supplies the inferior wall of both ventricles
When assessing a female patient, which symptoms is more likely to correlate with acute coronary
syndrome? - ANSWERshoulder pain
Shoulder pain was found to have a higher positive predictive factor for acute coronary syndrome in
women and twice that of men.
Which stage of heart failure is associated with structural heart abnormalities with no symptoms? -
ANSWERStage B
, Stage B of heart failure includes structural changes in the heart such as left ventricular dysfunction
related to a myocardial infarction without symptoms.
HF with a reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF) is characterized by: - ANSWERImpaired contractility with low
cardiac output
During systole, the ejection fraction is low due to decreased myocardial contractility
HF with a preserved Ejection fraction (HFpEF) is characterized by - ANSWERDecreased Ventricular
compliance with elevated filling pressures
During diastole the ventricle is less compliant resulting in high filling pressures and pulmonary artery
pressures
The neurohormonal response associated with heart failure causes many problems. The most prevlalent
problem associated with activation of the sympathetic and renin angiostensin system is: -
ANSWERVasoconstriction
The neurohormonal activation causes increased circulating levels of norepinephrine, epinephrine,
angiotensin II, and vasopressin, resulting in marked peripheral vasoconstriction.
What would differentiate Stage B and Stage C heart failure? - ANSWERDyspena
dyspenea is a symptom of heart failure which is a qualifier for stage c and not present in stage b heart
failure
Right sided heart failure is characterized by - ANSWERNOT Elevated pulmonary artery pressure.
-increased systemic venous pressure
The elevated pressures on the right-sided chambers cause blood to back up into the venous bed,
subsequently elevating the venous pressures throughout the body.
ANSWERS|NEW UPDATE!!! 2026|GRADED A+
The distinguishing feature to identify a ST-segment elevation MI is: - ANSWERpresence of ST-segment
elevation
ST-segment elevation on the 12-lead ECG is the trigger implementation intervention to open the
occluded coronary artery
Patient with heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) experience a high rate of up to 50% in
NYHA Class IV with which a cardiac rhythm? - ANSWERAfib
Patient with HF have been found to have very high incidence of atrial fibrilliation that increases as the
NTHA class of heart failure increases, hence the need for treatment including anticoagulation,
pharmacologic, antiarrhythmia therapy and rate control.
A patient underwent conronary artery bypass surgery four days ago. This morning the nurse finds the
patient very emotional and tearful. The nurse knows this represents: - ANSWERDepression related to
change in body image
Depression is very common following cardiac surgery and is often manifested by tearfulness.
A strategy used by nurses to promote positive communication is: - ANSWERRestating
Restating what the patient has said often encourages the patient to discuss further.
A provider has just finished rounding on their patients on your unit. The provider notes that their
recently admitted patient has Janeway lesions. You know these are associated with: - ANSWERBacterial
Endocarditis
These are purple-red lesions associated with bacterial endocarditis found on arms, legs, palms, and soles
of feet.
,A nursing dx or potential patient problem that would apply to the patient undergoing cardiac surgery
would be: - ANSWERPotential fear or znxiety related to the possibility of death during the surgery
Many pts verbalize fear/anxiety pre-operatively related to their cardiac surgerical procedure. Often,
they are afraid they will die during surgery
A nurse dx following cardiac transplantation would be - ANSWERpotential for rejection
Immunosuppressive therapy is to prevent rejection. However, there is always a risk of rejection.
Which statement describes an elevated troponin level? - ANSWERCan be a result of myocardial injury
Troponin, specifically hs-cTn has been shown to be the most sensitive biomarker for myocardial injury.
Echocardiography may be useful following AMI for: - ANSWERDetection of wall motion abnormalities
ECHO has been found to be useful in detecting wall motion abnormalities in patients with transmural
myocardial infarctions.
Right ventricular MI is most often a result of a blockage in the - ANSWERRight coronary artery
in 85% of patients the right coronary artery supplies the inferior wall of both ventricles
When assessing a female patient, which symptoms is more likely to correlate with acute coronary
syndrome? - ANSWERshoulder pain
Shoulder pain was found to have a higher positive predictive factor for acute coronary syndrome in
women and twice that of men.
Which stage of heart failure is associated with structural heart abnormalities with no symptoms? -
ANSWERStage B
, Stage B of heart failure includes structural changes in the heart such as left ventricular dysfunction
related to a myocardial infarction without symptoms.
HF with a reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF) is characterized by: - ANSWERImpaired contractility with low
cardiac output
During systole, the ejection fraction is low due to decreased myocardial contractility
HF with a preserved Ejection fraction (HFpEF) is characterized by - ANSWERDecreased Ventricular
compliance with elevated filling pressures
During diastole the ventricle is less compliant resulting in high filling pressures and pulmonary artery
pressures
The neurohormonal response associated with heart failure causes many problems. The most prevlalent
problem associated with activation of the sympathetic and renin angiostensin system is: -
ANSWERVasoconstriction
The neurohormonal activation causes increased circulating levels of norepinephrine, epinephrine,
angiotensin II, and vasopressin, resulting in marked peripheral vasoconstriction.
What would differentiate Stage B and Stage C heart failure? - ANSWERDyspena
dyspenea is a symptom of heart failure which is a qualifier for stage c and not present in stage b heart
failure
Right sided heart failure is characterized by - ANSWERNOT Elevated pulmonary artery pressure.
-increased systemic venous pressure
The elevated pressures on the right-sided chambers cause blood to back up into the venous bed,
subsequently elevating the venous pressures throughout the body.
