CSCC PSYCHOLOGY 1100 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND NEW 2025
Study of behavior and mental processes - ANSWER - >Psychology
The __________ approach emphasizes unconscious thought, the
conflict between biological drives (such as the drive for sex) and
society's demands, and early childhood family experiences.
Practitioners of this approach believe that sexual and aggressive
impulses buried deep within the unconscious mind influence the way
people think, feel, and behave. - ANSWER - >Psychoanalysis
The ___________ approach emphasizes the scientific study of
observable behavioral responses and their environmental
determinants. It focuses on an organism's visible behaviors, not
thoughts or feelings. - ANSWER - >Behavioralism
The _________ approach emphasizes a person's positive qualities, the
capacity for positive growth, and the freedom to choose one's destiny. -
ANSWER - >Humanism
The _________ approach emphasizes the mental processes involved in
knowing: how we direct our attention, perceive, remember, think, and
solve problems. - ANSWER - >Cognitive
Some psychologists emphasize an __________ approach that uses
evolutionary ideas such as adaptation, reproduction, and natural
selection as the basis for explaining specific human behaviors. -
ANSWER - >Evolutionary
,Some psychologists examine behavior and mental processes through
the ___________ approach, which is a focus on the body, especially the
brain and nervous system. - ANSWER - >Biological
The __________ approach examines the influences of social and
cultural environments on behavior. - ANSWER - >Sociocultural
Most of the studies psychologists publish in research journals follow the
_______ ________, which may be summarized in these five steps:
Observing some phenomenon
Formulating hypotheses and predictions
Testing through empirical research
Drawing conclusions
Evaluating conclusions - ANSWER - >Scientific Method
A ________ is anything that can change - ANSWER - >Variable
A _______ is a broad idea or set of closely related ideas that attempts
to explain observations. They seek to explain why certain things are as
they are or why they have happened, and can be used to make
predictions about future observations. - ANSWER - >Theory
A _______ is a testable prediction that derives logically from a theory. A
theory can generate many of these. If more and more _________
related to a theory turn out to be true, the theory gains in credibility. -
ANSWER - >Hypothesis
_______ research is interested in discovering relationships between
variables. - ANSWER - >Correlational.
The degree of relationship between two variables is expressed as a
numerical value called a correlational coefficient, which is most
,commonly represented by the letter r. The correlation coefficient is a
statistic that tells us two things about the relationship between two
variables—its strength and its direction. The value of a correlation
always falls between −1.00 and +1.00. The number or magnitude of the
correlation tells us about the strength of the relationship. The closer
the number is to ±1.00, the stronger the relationship. The sign (+ or −)
tells us about the direction of the relationship between the variables. A
positive sign means that as one variable increases, the other also
increases, or as one decreases the other does as well. When variables
are positively correlated, they change in the same direction. A negative
sign means that as one variable increases, the other decreases.
Negatively correlated variables change together but do so in the
opposite direction. A zero correlation means that there is no systematic
relationship between the variables.
__________ research involves finding out about the basic dimensions
of some variable. - ANSWER - >Descriptive
A _____ ______ is an in-depth look at a single individual. - ANSWER -
>Case study
A related method that is especially useful when information from many
people is needed is a ________, or questionnaire, which presents a
standard set of questions, or items, to obtain people's self-reported
attitudes or beliefs about a particular topic. - ANSWER - >Survey.
Surveys can measure only what people think about themselves.
Furthermore, people do not always know the truth about themselves. If
you were answering a survey that asked, "Are you a generous person?"
how might your answer compare to that of a friend who is asked to
make that same rating about you? One particular problem with surveys
and interviews is the tendency of participants to answer questions in a
way that will make them look good rather than in a way that
, communicates what they truly think or feel. Another challenge in
survey construction is that when questionnaires are used to
operationally define variables, it is crucial that the items precisely
probe the specific topic of interest and not some other characteristic.
The language used in surveys therefore must be clear and
understandable if the responses are to reflect the participants' actual
feelings.
An ________ is a data-gathering methodology that involves a standard
set of questions asked in the same manner and order. For example,
when doing research, you may do this instead of asking them to fill out
a questionnaire. - ANSWER - >Interview
The observation of behavior in a real-world setting. - ANSWER -
>Naturalistic observation
The soundness of the conclusions that a researcher draws from an
experiment. In the realm of testing, the extent to which a test measures
what it is intended to measure. - ANSWER - >Validity
The outcome; the factor that can change in an experiment in response
to changes in the independent variable - ANSWER - >Dependent
variable
A manipulated experimental factor; the variable that the experimenter
changes to see what its effects are. - ANSWER - >Independent variable
Researchers' assignment of participants to groups by chance, to reduce
the likelihood that an experiment's results will be due to preexisting
differences between groups. - ANSWER - >Random assignment
The brain's special capacity for change - ANSWER - >Plasticity
SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND NEW 2025
Study of behavior and mental processes - ANSWER - >Psychology
The __________ approach emphasizes unconscious thought, the
conflict between biological drives (such as the drive for sex) and
society's demands, and early childhood family experiences.
Practitioners of this approach believe that sexual and aggressive
impulses buried deep within the unconscious mind influence the way
people think, feel, and behave. - ANSWER - >Psychoanalysis
The ___________ approach emphasizes the scientific study of
observable behavioral responses and their environmental
determinants. It focuses on an organism's visible behaviors, not
thoughts or feelings. - ANSWER - >Behavioralism
The _________ approach emphasizes a person's positive qualities, the
capacity for positive growth, and the freedom to choose one's destiny. -
ANSWER - >Humanism
The _________ approach emphasizes the mental processes involved in
knowing: how we direct our attention, perceive, remember, think, and
solve problems. - ANSWER - >Cognitive
Some psychologists emphasize an __________ approach that uses
evolutionary ideas such as adaptation, reproduction, and natural
selection as the basis for explaining specific human behaviors. -
ANSWER - >Evolutionary
,Some psychologists examine behavior and mental processes through
the ___________ approach, which is a focus on the body, especially the
brain and nervous system. - ANSWER - >Biological
The __________ approach examines the influences of social and
cultural environments on behavior. - ANSWER - >Sociocultural
Most of the studies psychologists publish in research journals follow the
_______ ________, which may be summarized in these five steps:
Observing some phenomenon
Formulating hypotheses and predictions
Testing through empirical research
Drawing conclusions
Evaluating conclusions - ANSWER - >Scientific Method
A ________ is anything that can change - ANSWER - >Variable
A _______ is a broad idea or set of closely related ideas that attempts
to explain observations. They seek to explain why certain things are as
they are or why they have happened, and can be used to make
predictions about future observations. - ANSWER - >Theory
A _______ is a testable prediction that derives logically from a theory. A
theory can generate many of these. If more and more _________
related to a theory turn out to be true, the theory gains in credibility. -
ANSWER - >Hypothesis
_______ research is interested in discovering relationships between
variables. - ANSWER - >Correlational.
The degree of relationship between two variables is expressed as a
numerical value called a correlational coefficient, which is most
,commonly represented by the letter r. The correlation coefficient is a
statistic that tells us two things about the relationship between two
variables—its strength and its direction. The value of a correlation
always falls between −1.00 and +1.00. The number or magnitude of the
correlation tells us about the strength of the relationship. The closer
the number is to ±1.00, the stronger the relationship. The sign (+ or −)
tells us about the direction of the relationship between the variables. A
positive sign means that as one variable increases, the other also
increases, or as one decreases the other does as well. When variables
are positively correlated, they change in the same direction. A negative
sign means that as one variable increases, the other decreases.
Negatively correlated variables change together but do so in the
opposite direction. A zero correlation means that there is no systematic
relationship between the variables.
__________ research involves finding out about the basic dimensions
of some variable. - ANSWER - >Descriptive
A _____ ______ is an in-depth look at a single individual. - ANSWER -
>Case study
A related method that is especially useful when information from many
people is needed is a ________, or questionnaire, which presents a
standard set of questions, or items, to obtain people's self-reported
attitudes or beliefs about a particular topic. - ANSWER - >Survey.
Surveys can measure only what people think about themselves.
Furthermore, people do not always know the truth about themselves. If
you were answering a survey that asked, "Are you a generous person?"
how might your answer compare to that of a friend who is asked to
make that same rating about you? One particular problem with surveys
and interviews is the tendency of participants to answer questions in a
way that will make them look good rather than in a way that
, communicates what they truly think or feel. Another challenge in
survey construction is that when questionnaires are used to
operationally define variables, it is crucial that the items precisely
probe the specific topic of interest and not some other characteristic.
The language used in surveys therefore must be clear and
understandable if the responses are to reflect the participants' actual
feelings.
An ________ is a data-gathering methodology that involves a standard
set of questions asked in the same manner and order. For example,
when doing research, you may do this instead of asking them to fill out
a questionnaire. - ANSWER - >Interview
The observation of behavior in a real-world setting. - ANSWER -
>Naturalistic observation
The soundness of the conclusions that a researcher draws from an
experiment. In the realm of testing, the extent to which a test measures
what it is intended to measure. - ANSWER - >Validity
The outcome; the factor that can change in an experiment in response
to changes in the independent variable - ANSWER - >Dependent
variable
A manipulated experimental factor; the variable that the experimenter
changes to see what its effects are. - ANSWER - >Independent variable
Researchers' assignment of participants to groups by chance, to reduce
the likelihood that an experiment's results will be due to preexisting
differences between groups. - ANSWER - >Random assignment
The brain's special capacity for change - ANSWER - >Plasticity
