Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 3
(Cells) Test Questions with Detailed
Answers
What 3 main parts does a cell consist of? - ANSWERSnucleus, cytoplasm, and cell
membrane
What houses the genetic material? - ANSWERSthe nucleus
What contains the organelles? - ANSWERSthe cytoplasm
What forms the outer boundary of the cell? - ANSWERSplasma (cell) membrane
The cell membrane is ____________________ and is ____________________
permeable. - ANSWERS- thin
- selectively
What regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell, participates in signal
transduction, and helps cells adhere to other cells? - ANSWERSplasma (cell)
membrane
What does the basic framework of the cell membrane consist of? - ANSWERS- double
layer of phospholipids
- fatty acid tails (making up the interior of the membrane)
Many types of __________________ are found in the cell membrane -
ANSWERSproteins (some of which are transmembrane and others that are peripheral)
What are some of the functions of the proteins found in the cell membrane? -
ANSWERS- can function as receptors - for passage of materials across the membrane -
for cellular adhesion - for cell identification - etc.
What is the clear liquid found in the cytoplasm called? - ANSWERScytosol
What is the supportive framework in the cytoplasm called? - ANSWERScytoskeleton
What does the cytoplasm consist of? - ANSWERSCytosol, cytoskeleton, and networks
of membranes and organelles
What is the endoplasmic reticulum made up of? - ANSWERSmembranes
, What does the endoplasmic reticulum provide? - ANSWERSa tubular transport system
inside the cell
Why does the rough ER appear rough? - ANSWERSb/c of attached ribosomes
What does rough ER synthesize and transport for the cell? - ANSWERSproteins
Why does smooth ER appear smooth? - ANSWERSb/c it has no attached ribosomes
What does smooth ER synthesize for the cell? - ANSWERSlipids
Where are ribosomes found? - ANSWERS- in the cytoplasm
- attached to rough ER
What are ribosomes composed of? - ANSWERS- protein
- RNA
What do ribosomes help produce? - ANSWERSproteins
What is the Golgi apparatus composed of? - ANSWERSflattened sacs
What does the Golgi apparatus packages? - ANSWERSthe cell's products
Why would a cell want to package the cell's products? - ANSWERSto transport
materials to the outside of the cell
What does the mitochondria contain? - ANSWERSenzymes needed for aerobic
respiration
The mitochondria is a major site for what? - ANSWERSat which food energy is captured
and stored in a molecule (called ATP)
Lysosomes contain enzymes to break down what? - ANSWERS- cell components
- bacteria
- nutrient molecules
- toxins
- drugs
Peroxisomes contain enzymes that function in the process of what? - ANSWERS-
synthesis of bile acids
- breakdown of lipids
- degradation of rare biochemicals
- detoxification of alcohol
What are microfilaments and microtubules? - ANSWERSthin, threadlike structures that
serve as the cytoskeleton of the cell
(Cells) Test Questions with Detailed
Answers
What 3 main parts does a cell consist of? - ANSWERSnucleus, cytoplasm, and cell
membrane
What houses the genetic material? - ANSWERSthe nucleus
What contains the organelles? - ANSWERSthe cytoplasm
What forms the outer boundary of the cell? - ANSWERSplasma (cell) membrane
The cell membrane is ____________________ and is ____________________
permeable. - ANSWERS- thin
- selectively
What regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell, participates in signal
transduction, and helps cells adhere to other cells? - ANSWERSplasma (cell)
membrane
What does the basic framework of the cell membrane consist of? - ANSWERS- double
layer of phospholipids
- fatty acid tails (making up the interior of the membrane)
Many types of __________________ are found in the cell membrane -
ANSWERSproteins (some of which are transmembrane and others that are peripheral)
What are some of the functions of the proteins found in the cell membrane? -
ANSWERS- can function as receptors - for passage of materials across the membrane -
for cellular adhesion - for cell identification - etc.
What is the clear liquid found in the cytoplasm called? - ANSWERScytosol
What is the supportive framework in the cytoplasm called? - ANSWERScytoskeleton
What does the cytoplasm consist of? - ANSWERSCytosol, cytoskeleton, and networks
of membranes and organelles
What is the endoplasmic reticulum made up of? - ANSWERSmembranes
, What does the endoplasmic reticulum provide? - ANSWERSa tubular transport system
inside the cell
Why does the rough ER appear rough? - ANSWERSb/c of attached ribosomes
What does rough ER synthesize and transport for the cell? - ANSWERSproteins
Why does smooth ER appear smooth? - ANSWERSb/c it has no attached ribosomes
What does smooth ER synthesize for the cell? - ANSWERSlipids
Where are ribosomes found? - ANSWERS- in the cytoplasm
- attached to rough ER
What are ribosomes composed of? - ANSWERS- protein
- RNA
What do ribosomes help produce? - ANSWERSproteins
What is the Golgi apparatus composed of? - ANSWERSflattened sacs
What does the Golgi apparatus packages? - ANSWERSthe cell's products
Why would a cell want to package the cell's products? - ANSWERSto transport
materials to the outside of the cell
What does the mitochondria contain? - ANSWERSenzymes needed for aerobic
respiration
The mitochondria is a major site for what? - ANSWERSat which food energy is captured
and stored in a molecule (called ATP)
Lysosomes contain enzymes to break down what? - ANSWERS- cell components
- bacteria
- nutrient molecules
- toxins
- drugs
Peroxisomes contain enzymes that function in the process of what? - ANSWERS-
synthesis of bile acids
- breakdown of lipids
- degradation of rare biochemicals
- detoxification of alcohol
What are microfilaments and microtubules? - ANSWERSthin, threadlike structures that
serve as the cytoskeleton of the cell
