Cognitive Psych Final Exam UPDATED ACTUAL Questions
and CORRECT Answers
B Which of the following does NOT accurately represent the results of studies of
visual imagery?
A) People are able to mentally rotate things in a three-dimensional plane.
B) The most prominent features of a visual image are the ones conceptually
associated with its subject.
C) The more one has to zoom in on a mental image, the longer it takes.
D) The more distance one has to scan across a mental image, the longer it
takes.
C Jayne can view a picture for 30 seconds and then accurately answer detailed
questions about the picture (e.g., the number of stripes on a cat's tail). Jayne
likely has
A) visual agnosia
B) a lesion in her visual cortex
C) eidetic imagery
D) a spatial memory deficit
A Which of the following is most likely to be impaired in people (such as L.H.)
who have a disrupted ability to make judgments about color?
A) tasks that require visual imagery, as opposed to spatial imagery
B) tasks that require spatial imagery, as opposed to visual imagery
C) tasks that require image scanning, as opposed to mental rotation
D) tasks that require mental rotation, as opposed to image scanning
D Which of the following is NOT evidence that some forms of imagery are spatial
and not visual?
A) Blind people can complete mental rotation experiments as quickly and
accurately as sighted people
B) There is no interference when people are asked to judge the brightness of a
light while making a mental rotation decision
C) Patients with damage such as that experienced by L.H. may perform well on
spatial imagery tasks but fail on visual imagery tasks
D) Patients who have lost the ability to detect color in perception also fail to
see color in images.
D Assuming all the following words have equal frequency in English, which word
would show the lowest rate of retention?
A) soldier
B) sword
C) battle
D) honor
,B Which of the following does NOT support the claim that mental images are
stored in long-term memory by a propositional "recipe" for how to construct
the image?
A) People are able to control how detailed they want an image to be.
B) Words that are easier to picture are easier to remember.
C) Images with more parts take more time to create.
D) Images that are easier to describe are easier to remember.
D Images that are more detailed take longer to recall than those that are less
detailed. This is evidence AGAINST the claim that
A) long-term memory is precise
B) information that is dual-coded is remembered better
C) imagery helps memory
D) complete mental images are stored in long-term memory
D Which would be the best aid for memory of a pair of items?
A) a list of words containing the two items
B) an image of the items side by side
C) a sentence that repeats the names of the items several times
D) an image of the items interacting
C The primacy and recency effects in serial picture recall suggest that
A) memory is a dual-code system.
B) schemata guide the way pictures are remembered.
C) memory for pictures shares key properties with other types of memory.
D) memory for pictures is propositional.
D In which mental-imaging experiment would "vivid imagers" outperform "non-
imagers?"
A) an image-scanning experiment in which participants are asked to mentally
scan from the back to the front of the image and then press a button
B) an interference experiment in which participants to detect a moving dot
while imagining rotating a box by 75 degrees
C) a mental rotation experiment in which participants are asked whether one
object can be rotated to look identical to another object
D) a mental two-point acuity task in which participants are asked to press a
button when two imagined dots merge
B Unlike pictures, mental images are
A) necessarily ambiguous
B) organized depictions
C) visual
D) neutral depictions
C Paivio's dual-code hypothesis proposed that
A) semantic information is more easily stored as images than words.
B) there are two different kinds of memory: symbolic and image based.
C) dual coding interferes with remembering.
D) information that is stored as symbolic is more readily recalled than
information stored as propositions.
, B Participants are asked to view ambiguous pictures and then form mental
images of those pictures. When asked to reinterpret their image, they ____. When
asked to draw the image on paper and then reinterpret it, they _.
A) succeed; succeed
B) fail; succeed
C) succeed; fail
D) fail; fail
D Which of the following were NOT chronometric studies?
A) Shepard's mental-rotation experiments (do these shapes match?)
B) Kosslyn's image-zooming experiments (do cats have claws?)
C) Kosslyn's image-scanning experiments (how far is the hut from the beach?)
D) Galton's visual-imagery introspection experiments (what does your image
look like?)
C Which of the following scenarios would produce the MOST severe interference
effects?
A) detecting a sound beep while imagining rotating a box by 75 degrees
B) imagining a picture rotated by 75 degrees while listening to a symphony
C) identifying the direction of a moving dot while imagining rotating a box by
75 degrees
D) detecting a flash of blue light while imagining rotating a box by 75 degrees
D In an early study by Segal and Fusella (1970, 1971), participants tried to detect
faint symbols (either visual or auditory) while forming a mental image (either
visual or auditory). What were the results?
A) Either type of image facilitated the detection of either type of stimulus
equally.
B) A visual image facilitated the detection of a visual stimulus and an auditory
image facilitated the detection of an auditory stimulus.
C) Either type of image interfered with the detection of either type of stimulus.
D) A visual image interfered with the detection of a visual stimulus, and an
auditory image interfered with the detection of an auditory stimulus.
D Most behavioral and neuroimaging data suggest that
A) visualizing and perceiving, although similar in behavior, rely on different
underlying neural mechanisms.
B) visualizing is nothing like perceiving.
C) visualizing is identical to perceiving.
D) visualizing and perceiving draw on similar neural and cognitive mechanisms.
C What is the best description of individual differences in imagery ability?
A) Some people are good at visual imagery and others are good at spatial
imagery.
B) Imagery ability is fairly uniform from one person to another.
C) Within the areas of visual imagery and spatial imagery, most people have
some relative strengths and weaknesses.
D) Some people are good at imagery and others are not.
and CORRECT Answers
B Which of the following does NOT accurately represent the results of studies of
visual imagery?
A) People are able to mentally rotate things in a three-dimensional plane.
B) The most prominent features of a visual image are the ones conceptually
associated with its subject.
C) The more one has to zoom in on a mental image, the longer it takes.
D) The more distance one has to scan across a mental image, the longer it
takes.
C Jayne can view a picture for 30 seconds and then accurately answer detailed
questions about the picture (e.g., the number of stripes on a cat's tail). Jayne
likely has
A) visual agnosia
B) a lesion in her visual cortex
C) eidetic imagery
D) a spatial memory deficit
A Which of the following is most likely to be impaired in people (such as L.H.)
who have a disrupted ability to make judgments about color?
A) tasks that require visual imagery, as opposed to spatial imagery
B) tasks that require spatial imagery, as opposed to visual imagery
C) tasks that require image scanning, as opposed to mental rotation
D) tasks that require mental rotation, as opposed to image scanning
D Which of the following is NOT evidence that some forms of imagery are spatial
and not visual?
A) Blind people can complete mental rotation experiments as quickly and
accurately as sighted people
B) There is no interference when people are asked to judge the brightness of a
light while making a mental rotation decision
C) Patients with damage such as that experienced by L.H. may perform well on
spatial imagery tasks but fail on visual imagery tasks
D) Patients who have lost the ability to detect color in perception also fail to
see color in images.
D Assuming all the following words have equal frequency in English, which word
would show the lowest rate of retention?
A) soldier
B) sword
C) battle
D) honor
,B Which of the following does NOT support the claim that mental images are
stored in long-term memory by a propositional "recipe" for how to construct
the image?
A) People are able to control how detailed they want an image to be.
B) Words that are easier to picture are easier to remember.
C) Images with more parts take more time to create.
D) Images that are easier to describe are easier to remember.
D Images that are more detailed take longer to recall than those that are less
detailed. This is evidence AGAINST the claim that
A) long-term memory is precise
B) information that is dual-coded is remembered better
C) imagery helps memory
D) complete mental images are stored in long-term memory
D Which would be the best aid for memory of a pair of items?
A) a list of words containing the two items
B) an image of the items side by side
C) a sentence that repeats the names of the items several times
D) an image of the items interacting
C The primacy and recency effects in serial picture recall suggest that
A) memory is a dual-code system.
B) schemata guide the way pictures are remembered.
C) memory for pictures shares key properties with other types of memory.
D) memory for pictures is propositional.
D In which mental-imaging experiment would "vivid imagers" outperform "non-
imagers?"
A) an image-scanning experiment in which participants are asked to mentally
scan from the back to the front of the image and then press a button
B) an interference experiment in which participants to detect a moving dot
while imagining rotating a box by 75 degrees
C) a mental rotation experiment in which participants are asked whether one
object can be rotated to look identical to another object
D) a mental two-point acuity task in which participants are asked to press a
button when two imagined dots merge
B Unlike pictures, mental images are
A) necessarily ambiguous
B) organized depictions
C) visual
D) neutral depictions
C Paivio's dual-code hypothesis proposed that
A) semantic information is more easily stored as images than words.
B) there are two different kinds of memory: symbolic and image based.
C) dual coding interferes with remembering.
D) information that is stored as symbolic is more readily recalled than
information stored as propositions.
, B Participants are asked to view ambiguous pictures and then form mental
images of those pictures. When asked to reinterpret their image, they ____. When
asked to draw the image on paper and then reinterpret it, they _.
A) succeed; succeed
B) fail; succeed
C) succeed; fail
D) fail; fail
D Which of the following were NOT chronometric studies?
A) Shepard's mental-rotation experiments (do these shapes match?)
B) Kosslyn's image-zooming experiments (do cats have claws?)
C) Kosslyn's image-scanning experiments (how far is the hut from the beach?)
D) Galton's visual-imagery introspection experiments (what does your image
look like?)
C Which of the following scenarios would produce the MOST severe interference
effects?
A) detecting a sound beep while imagining rotating a box by 75 degrees
B) imagining a picture rotated by 75 degrees while listening to a symphony
C) identifying the direction of a moving dot while imagining rotating a box by
75 degrees
D) detecting a flash of blue light while imagining rotating a box by 75 degrees
D In an early study by Segal and Fusella (1970, 1971), participants tried to detect
faint symbols (either visual or auditory) while forming a mental image (either
visual or auditory). What were the results?
A) Either type of image facilitated the detection of either type of stimulus
equally.
B) A visual image facilitated the detection of a visual stimulus and an auditory
image facilitated the detection of an auditory stimulus.
C) Either type of image interfered with the detection of either type of stimulus.
D) A visual image interfered with the detection of a visual stimulus, and an
auditory image interfered with the detection of an auditory stimulus.
D Most behavioral and neuroimaging data suggest that
A) visualizing and perceiving, although similar in behavior, rely on different
underlying neural mechanisms.
B) visualizing is nothing like perceiving.
C) visualizing is identical to perceiving.
D) visualizing and perceiving draw on similar neural and cognitive mechanisms.
C What is the best description of individual differences in imagery ability?
A) Some people are good at visual imagery and others are good at spatial
imagery.
B) Imagery ability is fairly uniform from one person to another.
C) Within the areas of visual imagery and spatial imagery, most people have
some relative strengths and weaknesses.
D) Some people are good at imagery and others are not.
