3P EXAM STUDY APEA QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
What-would-cause-decrease-in-Digoxin-levels?---ans-✔✔Antacids
Taking-Pyridium-for-UTI,-what-can-Pyridium-cause?---ans-✔✔Hemolytic-Anemia
What-can-PCOS-result-in?---ans-✔✔Increased-insulin-levels-(Hyperinsulinemia),-
Androgens,-Hirsutism
What-are-the-anti-hypertensives-used-in-pregnancy?---ans-✔✔Methyldopa-(Alpha-2-
Agonist),-Labetalol,-Nifedipine,-Hydralazine
What-is-a-characteristic-of-Placenta-Previa?---ans-✔✔Painless,-red-bleeding
What-is-a-chacteristic-of-Rheumatoid-Arthritis?---ans-✔✔Tender,-warm,-swollen-joints
Medications-that-can-cause-ototoxicity?---ans-✔✔Aminoglycosides,-loop-diuretics,-
NSAIDs,-antihistamines,-nasal-decongestants
What-is-the-treatment-time-for-enterobiasis?---ans-✔✔2-weeks
What-does-MCV-lab-value-measure?---ans-✔✔Mean-Corpuscular-Volume-helps-
diagnose-different-types-of-anemia-such-as-B12-&-Folate-(Macrocytic)-and-Fe-anemia-
(Microcytic)
Rhogam-is-given-at-how-many-week-gestation?---ans-✔✔27-28-weeks
What-are-Janeway-lesions-and-what-do-they-indicate?---ans-✔✔They-are-irregular,-non-
tender-hemorrhagic-macules-located-on-the-hands-and-feet.-Seen-in-Infective-
Endocarditis
What-are-Osler's-Nodes-and-what-do-they-indicate?---ans-✔✔They-are-split-pea-sized,-
erythematous,-tender-nodules-located-on-the-pads-of-the-fingers-and-toes.-Seen-in-
Infective-Endocarditis
What-is-the-recommendation-for-Warfarin-management-when-a-patient-misses-a-dose?---
ans-✔✔If-within-12-hours-of-the-dose-time,-take-it.-If-over-12-hours-patient-will-need-a-INR-
redraw
,What-do-we-need-to-know-about-ACEs-and-ARBs?---ans-✔✔A-dry-hacking-cough-is-a-
common-side-effect-of-ACEs-and-will-go-away-within-a-week-after-discontinuing.-ACEs-&-
ARBs-are-indicated-for-patients-with-DM,-CKD,-and-HTN.-Not-recommended-as-1st-line-
agent-with-African-Americans-&-can-cause-angioedema.
Contraindications-for-Hydrochlorothiazide---ans-✔✔Sulfa-allergy,-PCN-hypersensitivity,-
Asthma,-Gout
Systolic-Murmurs-(Benign)---ans-✔✔MR-=-Mitral-Regurge-(SOB/Fatigue-HF)
Peyton-Manning-=-Physiologic-Murmur-(Asymptomatic)
AS-=-Aortic-Stenosis-(Angina,-Syncope-HF)
MVP-=-Mitral-Valve-Prolapse-("Click",-Women-14-30,-Palpitations,-Chest-Pain
Diastolic-Murmurs-(Abnormal)---ans-✔✔AR-=-Aortic-Regurgitation-(Angina,-HF,-
Dizziness,-Chest-Pain)
MS-=-Mitral-Stenosis-(Dyspnea,-AFib)
What-does-S1-indicate?---ans-✔✔S1-Closure-of-the-Atrioventricular-Valves-(Mitral-&-
Tricuspid-Valves)
What-does-S2-indicate?---ans-✔✔S2-Closure-of-the-Semilunar-Valves-(Aortic-&-Pulmonic-
Valves)
S3-is-often-heard-in?---ans-✔✔CHF,-possibly-normal-for-athletic-adolescents
S4-is-often-heard-in?---ans-✔✔Diastolic-HF,-Left-Ventricular-Hypertrophy-(LVH),-Poorly-
controlled-HTN,-MI
Treatment-of-Peripheral-Artery-Disease-(PAD)---ans-✔✔Antiplatelets-(Plavix,-ASA),-
Pentoxifylline-(Decreases-blood-viscosity)
Diagnosing-Peripheral-Artery-Disease-(PAD)---ans-✔✔Gold-Standard-=-Angiography
Ankle-Brachial-Index-(ABI)
Coronary-Artery-Disease-(CAD)-treatment---ans-✔✔Aotrvastatin/Rosuvastatin-=-If-
LDL>150-use-high-doses.-Watch-for-LFTs-&-arthralgia.-Change-type-&-dose-if-issues.-
Helps-stabilize-plaques.
What-medications-are-indicated-for-HF-treatment?---ans-✔✔ACEs,-ARBs,-ARNI-w/BBs,-
Aldosterone-Recepter-Antagonists
What-is-the-treatment-for-Sarcopter-Scabiei-(Scabies)?---ans-✔✔Topical-Permetherin-
massaged-from-head-to-soles-of-feet-and-wash-off-with-shower-or-bath-after-8-14hrs.-
Treat-again-in-1-week.
, Names-of-skin-lesions?---ans-✔✔Macule:-Flat-<1cm-i.e.-freckle
Papule:-Raised-<1cm-i.e.-acne
Nodule:-Raised->1cm-i.e.-lipoma
Vesicle:-Blister-<1cm-i.e.-HSV,-Chickenpox
Bulla:-Blister->1cm-i.e.-2nd-Degree-Burn,-Bullous-Pemphigod
Plaque:-Raised,-flat-top->1cm-i.e.-Psoriasis-&-Seborrheic-Keratoses
Patch:-Flat,-discolored->1cm-i.e.-Vitiligo-&-Port-Wine-Stains
Wheal:-Raised-&-Red-Area-i.e.-Hives-&-Insect-Bite-reaction
Keloid---ans-✔✔Hyperthrophic-scar-that-is-invasive-beyond-point-of-original-injury
What-is-Tinea-Capitis-and-What-is-the-treatment?---ans-✔✔Scalp-Ring-Worm.-Round,-
scaly-patches-on-scalp-(Cradle-Cap).-Treatment-is-Grisefulvin-500mg-with-high-fat-meals-
for-4-6weeks
What-is-Tinea-Corporis-and-What-is-the-treatment?---ans-✔✔Body-Ring-Worm.-Red,-
scaly-plaques-on-the-body-or-trunk-in-a-ring-like/circular-pattern.-Topical-Azoles-(I.E.-
Clotrimazole)-for-2-weeks.
How-do-you-assess-Melanoma?---ans-✔✔ABCDE-(Asymmetry,-Border,-Color,-Diameter-
>6mm,-and-Evolution/Elevation
Signs-&-Symptoms-of-Psoriasis?---ans-✔✔Silvery-White-Scales,-Pitted-Nails,-Positive-
Auspitz-Sign-(Pinpoint-bleeding-when-lesions/scales-are-scraped)
Facts-about-Shingles-(Herpes-Zoster)---ans-✔✔--Unilateral-Dermatomal-Rash-which-
starts-as-a-painful-red-rash-(patch)-and-progresses-to-blisters-(vesicles).
---Post-herpetic-neuralgia-pain-is-common-and-can-last-longer-than-1-month-after-rash-
resolves.-
--May-transmit-chickenpox-virus-to-unvaccinated-&-susceptible-patients.-
--Treatment-consists-of-Acyclovir,-Valacyclovir,-or-Famciclovir-and-most-effective-if-
started-within-48-72hrs-of-rash-appearance.
Facts-about-Contact-Dermatitis-(Eczema)---ans-✔✔--Papules-or-Vesicles-typically-5mm-
or-less-which-are-red,-raised-bumps
--Skin-becomes-dry,-scaly,-and-rough-leading-to-formation-of-crusts-or-flakes-on-skin-
surface
--If-scratched-or-irritated,-the-skin-may-ooze
--Treatment-consists-of-Corticosteroids,-Antihistamines,-Calcineurin-Inhibitors-
(Tacrolimus)
Facts-about-Acne-Vulgaris---ans-✔✔--Inflammatory-skin-disorder-where-androgen-
dependent-sebaceous-glands-produce-excess-sebum.-
--Usually-affects-face,-anterior-&-posterior-chest,-Upper-Back,-Shoulders,-and-Arms
--Treatment-consists-of-Erythromycin/Benzoyl-Peroxide-(Benzamycin)
AND ANSWERS
What-would-cause-decrease-in-Digoxin-levels?---ans-✔✔Antacids
Taking-Pyridium-for-UTI,-what-can-Pyridium-cause?---ans-✔✔Hemolytic-Anemia
What-can-PCOS-result-in?---ans-✔✔Increased-insulin-levels-(Hyperinsulinemia),-
Androgens,-Hirsutism
What-are-the-anti-hypertensives-used-in-pregnancy?---ans-✔✔Methyldopa-(Alpha-2-
Agonist),-Labetalol,-Nifedipine,-Hydralazine
What-is-a-characteristic-of-Placenta-Previa?---ans-✔✔Painless,-red-bleeding
What-is-a-chacteristic-of-Rheumatoid-Arthritis?---ans-✔✔Tender,-warm,-swollen-joints
Medications-that-can-cause-ototoxicity?---ans-✔✔Aminoglycosides,-loop-diuretics,-
NSAIDs,-antihistamines,-nasal-decongestants
What-is-the-treatment-time-for-enterobiasis?---ans-✔✔2-weeks
What-does-MCV-lab-value-measure?---ans-✔✔Mean-Corpuscular-Volume-helps-
diagnose-different-types-of-anemia-such-as-B12-&-Folate-(Macrocytic)-and-Fe-anemia-
(Microcytic)
Rhogam-is-given-at-how-many-week-gestation?---ans-✔✔27-28-weeks
What-are-Janeway-lesions-and-what-do-they-indicate?---ans-✔✔They-are-irregular,-non-
tender-hemorrhagic-macules-located-on-the-hands-and-feet.-Seen-in-Infective-
Endocarditis
What-are-Osler's-Nodes-and-what-do-they-indicate?---ans-✔✔They-are-split-pea-sized,-
erythematous,-tender-nodules-located-on-the-pads-of-the-fingers-and-toes.-Seen-in-
Infective-Endocarditis
What-is-the-recommendation-for-Warfarin-management-when-a-patient-misses-a-dose?---
ans-✔✔If-within-12-hours-of-the-dose-time,-take-it.-If-over-12-hours-patient-will-need-a-INR-
redraw
,What-do-we-need-to-know-about-ACEs-and-ARBs?---ans-✔✔A-dry-hacking-cough-is-a-
common-side-effect-of-ACEs-and-will-go-away-within-a-week-after-discontinuing.-ACEs-&-
ARBs-are-indicated-for-patients-with-DM,-CKD,-and-HTN.-Not-recommended-as-1st-line-
agent-with-African-Americans-&-can-cause-angioedema.
Contraindications-for-Hydrochlorothiazide---ans-✔✔Sulfa-allergy,-PCN-hypersensitivity,-
Asthma,-Gout
Systolic-Murmurs-(Benign)---ans-✔✔MR-=-Mitral-Regurge-(SOB/Fatigue-HF)
Peyton-Manning-=-Physiologic-Murmur-(Asymptomatic)
AS-=-Aortic-Stenosis-(Angina,-Syncope-HF)
MVP-=-Mitral-Valve-Prolapse-("Click",-Women-14-30,-Palpitations,-Chest-Pain
Diastolic-Murmurs-(Abnormal)---ans-✔✔AR-=-Aortic-Regurgitation-(Angina,-HF,-
Dizziness,-Chest-Pain)
MS-=-Mitral-Stenosis-(Dyspnea,-AFib)
What-does-S1-indicate?---ans-✔✔S1-Closure-of-the-Atrioventricular-Valves-(Mitral-&-
Tricuspid-Valves)
What-does-S2-indicate?---ans-✔✔S2-Closure-of-the-Semilunar-Valves-(Aortic-&-Pulmonic-
Valves)
S3-is-often-heard-in?---ans-✔✔CHF,-possibly-normal-for-athletic-adolescents
S4-is-often-heard-in?---ans-✔✔Diastolic-HF,-Left-Ventricular-Hypertrophy-(LVH),-Poorly-
controlled-HTN,-MI
Treatment-of-Peripheral-Artery-Disease-(PAD)---ans-✔✔Antiplatelets-(Plavix,-ASA),-
Pentoxifylline-(Decreases-blood-viscosity)
Diagnosing-Peripheral-Artery-Disease-(PAD)---ans-✔✔Gold-Standard-=-Angiography
Ankle-Brachial-Index-(ABI)
Coronary-Artery-Disease-(CAD)-treatment---ans-✔✔Aotrvastatin/Rosuvastatin-=-If-
LDL>150-use-high-doses.-Watch-for-LFTs-&-arthralgia.-Change-type-&-dose-if-issues.-
Helps-stabilize-plaques.
What-medications-are-indicated-for-HF-treatment?---ans-✔✔ACEs,-ARBs,-ARNI-w/BBs,-
Aldosterone-Recepter-Antagonists
What-is-the-treatment-for-Sarcopter-Scabiei-(Scabies)?---ans-✔✔Topical-Permetherin-
massaged-from-head-to-soles-of-feet-and-wash-off-with-shower-or-bath-after-8-14hrs.-
Treat-again-in-1-week.
, Names-of-skin-lesions?---ans-✔✔Macule:-Flat-<1cm-i.e.-freckle
Papule:-Raised-<1cm-i.e.-acne
Nodule:-Raised->1cm-i.e.-lipoma
Vesicle:-Blister-<1cm-i.e.-HSV,-Chickenpox
Bulla:-Blister->1cm-i.e.-2nd-Degree-Burn,-Bullous-Pemphigod
Plaque:-Raised,-flat-top->1cm-i.e.-Psoriasis-&-Seborrheic-Keratoses
Patch:-Flat,-discolored->1cm-i.e.-Vitiligo-&-Port-Wine-Stains
Wheal:-Raised-&-Red-Area-i.e.-Hives-&-Insect-Bite-reaction
Keloid---ans-✔✔Hyperthrophic-scar-that-is-invasive-beyond-point-of-original-injury
What-is-Tinea-Capitis-and-What-is-the-treatment?---ans-✔✔Scalp-Ring-Worm.-Round,-
scaly-patches-on-scalp-(Cradle-Cap).-Treatment-is-Grisefulvin-500mg-with-high-fat-meals-
for-4-6weeks
What-is-Tinea-Corporis-and-What-is-the-treatment?---ans-✔✔Body-Ring-Worm.-Red,-
scaly-plaques-on-the-body-or-trunk-in-a-ring-like/circular-pattern.-Topical-Azoles-(I.E.-
Clotrimazole)-for-2-weeks.
How-do-you-assess-Melanoma?---ans-✔✔ABCDE-(Asymmetry,-Border,-Color,-Diameter-
>6mm,-and-Evolution/Elevation
Signs-&-Symptoms-of-Psoriasis?---ans-✔✔Silvery-White-Scales,-Pitted-Nails,-Positive-
Auspitz-Sign-(Pinpoint-bleeding-when-lesions/scales-are-scraped)
Facts-about-Shingles-(Herpes-Zoster)---ans-✔✔--Unilateral-Dermatomal-Rash-which-
starts-as-a-painful-red-rash-(patch)-and-progresses-to-blisters-(vesicles).
---Post-herpetic-neuralgia-pain-is-common-and-can-last-longer-than-1-month-after-rash-
resolves.-
--May-transmit-chickenpox-virus-to-unvaccinated-&-susceptible-patients.-
--Treatment-consists-of-Acyclovir,-Valacyclovir,-or-Famciclovir-and-most-effective-if-
started-within-48-72hrs-of-rash-appearance.
Facts-about-Contact-Dermatitis-(Eczema)---ans-✔✔--Papules-or-Vesicles-typically-5mm-
or-less-which-are-red,-raised-bumps
--Skin-becomes-dry,-scaly,-and-rough-leading-to-formation-of-crusts-or-flakes-on-skin-
surface
--If-scratched-or-irritated,-the-skin-may-ooze
--Treatment-consists-of-Corticosteroids,-Antihistamines,-Calcineurin-Inhibitors-
(Tacrolimus)
Facts-about-Acne-Vulgaris---ans-✔✔--Inflammatory-skin-disorder-where-androgen-
dependent-sebaceous-glands-produce-excess-sebum.-
--Usually-affects-face,-anterior-&-posterior-chest,-Upper-Back,-Shoulders,-and-Arms
--Treatment-consists-of-Erythromycin/Benzoyl-Peroxide-(Benzamycin)
