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Samenvatting Anatomie en fysiologie, ISBN: 9789043035873 Anatomie 1BL

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Het gaat over een paar soort thema's die gezien moeten worden in 1BL voor Anatomie en Fysiologie, hierbij heb ik het boek gebruikt en de ppt-dia's die erbij waren gegeven. Het gaat over het ademhalingstelsel, spijsverteringsstelsel, hormoonstelsel, lymfestelsel, urinair stelsel en cardiovasculair stelsel.

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Uploaded on
May 14, 2021
Number of pages
28
Written in
2019/2020
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Hoofdstuk 16: Spijsverteringsstelsel

Inleiding:




Functies:

1) Ingestie → voedselinname

2) Mechanische verwerking → verkleinen en kneden

3) Vertering → chemische afbraak

4) Secretie → afgifte water, zuren, enzymen, buffers door accessoire klieren

5) Opname (resorptie) → kleine organische moleculen, elektrolyten, vitaminen, water

6) Uitscheiding (defecatie) → verwijderen van afvalstoffen in ingedikte vorm

,- Mucosa (binnen)
- Submucosa
- Muscularis externa
- Serosa (buiten)

→ Mucosa:

Bestaat uit:
• Slijmvlies = dekweefsel
• Cilinderepitheel in de darm
• Gelaagd plaveiselepitheel (in mond, keel, slokdarm en anus)

• Lamina propria = onderliggende bindweefsellaag
• Mucosale klieren = in lamina propria, secreteren muceus secreet

• Doorgangen van submucosale klieren
• Muscularis mucosa = glad spierweefsel + elastische vezels
→ Veelal in plooien, met nog extra villi in dunne darm

, → Submucosa:

• 2de laag los bindweefsel, onmiddellijk onder muscularis mucosa

• Bevat:
o Bloedvaten
o Lymfevaten
o Zenuwvezels, gebundeld in meissnerplexus
▪ Reguleren en coördineren contractie gladde spieren
▪ Reguleren klierproductie

→ Muscularis externa:

• Verantwoordelijk voor het
mengen en voortstuwen van
spijsbrij
• Autonoom, reflexmatig

• = laag glad spierweefsel
• Binnenste laag = kringspieren
• Buitenste laag = lengtespieren
• Daartussen = plexus myentericus
o Beïnvloedt de spiertonus
en activiteit
o PS: verhoogd / OS:
verlaagd

→ Serosa:

= sereus membraan
• Dekweefsellaagje
• Bindweefsellaagje
• Viscerale peritoneum
• Pariëtale peritoneum

• Mesenteria = ophangingen van
organen via dubbele lagen van
sereuze membranen
• Rondom mond, keel, slokdarm en
endeldarm: adventitia
o Dicht netwerk
collageenvezels
o Verankering van organen
aan aangrenzende
structuren
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