COMBINED COP4600 - FINAL EXAM /COP4600 Final Combined EXAM
COMPLETE Questions and Verified Answers (Latest Update 2026)
What pieces of hardware are in the CPU? - (answer)Registers, ALU, and control unit
Hardware which serves as the CPUs memory. There are special and general purposed of these -
(answer)Registers
Hardware which does arithmetic and logical computations - (answer)ALU
Hardware which tracks state/status. Also controls other components - (answer)Control unit
Instruction cycle responsible for loading the instruction - (answer)Fetch
Instruction cycle responsible for finding the opcode/operands of the instruction and interpreting it -
(answer)Decode
Instruction cycle responsible for carrying out the instruction - (answer)Execute
Protected instructions can only be executed in a ____________ - (answer)Protected state
Legacy boot process - (answer)BIOS
What does BIOS stand for? - (answer)Binary Input Output System
The ________ bootstraps the boot sector - (answer)Bootloader
What does bootstrap mean? - (answer)Loading up the computer
Why are the bootsector and bootloader separate? - (answer)Bootsector is too small
,COMBINED COP4600 - FINAL EXAM /COP4600 Final Combined EXAM
COMPLETE Questions and Verified Answers (Latest Update 2026)
Where is the BIOS init stored? - (answer)The motherboard
What boot process is usable on x86-64 (i386) standalone PCs? - (answer)BIOS
What boot process has standard for ARM chipset systems? - (answer)Neither
Which boot process has standardized NVRAM locations for system variables? - (answer)UEFI
Which boot process uses a dedicated bootloader partition? - (answer)BIOS
Which boot process is usable on x86-64 (x64) standalone PCs? - (answer)Both
Newer boot process - (answer)UEFI
Which boot process simplifies diskless systems? - (answer)UEFI
What are the functions of an OS? - (answer)Loading programs onto machine, controlling I/O devices,
managing resources (memory, CPU), multi-tasking execution, data protection (permissions), and task
interaction (pipes, networking)
Mode for directly manipulating hardware - (answer)Kernel mode
T/F: No device is directly accessed without the kernel - (answer)True
T/F: Only system libraries can invoke system calls - (answer)False
,COMBINED COP4600 - FINAL EXAM /COP4600 Final Combined EXAM
COMPLETE Questions and Verified Answers (Latest Update 2026)
T/F: The system call invokes code written by system developers, while a procedure call invokes code
written by an application programmer - (answer)False
A running program is in ______ - (answer)Execution
When we run a program, we create a _________ for it - (answer)Process
Features of a process - (answer)Has some address space, associated with specific resources,
computational element/object, and has one or more threads of execution
When we make a _______, we add a stack frame to the call stack - (answer)Procedure call
Which pointer points to the beginning of the stack frame? - (answer)Frame pointer
Which pointer points to the beginning of the call stack? - (answer)Stack pointer
A ___________ involves a switch into kernel mode for execution - (answer)System call
Invocation of a system call causes a what? - (answer)Kernel trap
What must be stored in a kernel trap? - (answer)Current address, registers, etc
What gets the address from the interrupt vector during a kernel trap? - (answer)OS dispatcher
Generation of pre-OS in which there was a control room in which a human operator ran programs
(plugboards) - (answer)Generation 0: The operator
, COMBINED COP4600 - FINAL EXAM /COP4600 Final Combined EXAM
COMPLETE Questions and Verified Answers (Latest Update 2026)
When was Generation 0 of OS? - (answer)1940s
When was Generation 1 of OS? - (answer)1950s
Generation of OS in which a resident monitor was used to execute common tasks (basic job loading,
config, etc) for the operator. Users would reserve time on the system. Precursor to modern concept of
OS - (answer)Generation 1: resident monitor
Generation of OS in which job systems allowed many programs to be run in succession. A programmer
would submit a job on punch cards. The punch cards would be read by a card reader onto magnetic tap.
An operator would transfer prepared jobs to processing unit on input tape. Results would be written to
output tape, which would be read and printed - (answer)Generation 2: Batch systems
Batch system in which the OS sets up the next job and removes the current. Programs are run
sequentially - (answer)Uniprogrammed batch systems
Fence in memory which defines end in user memory and beginning of OS memory - (answer)Fence
register
Issues with uniprogrammed batch systems - (answer)Mainly I/O so idle CPU
Batch system in which when one job was running, the OS would set up and began to run next. They
would take turns on the CPU. In this system, the CPU was on idle when all jobs were in system -
(answer)Multiprogrammed batch systems
Formula for CPU utilization - (answer)1 - p^n (p = fraction of time process is in I/O wait; n = # jobs)
When were batch systems prevalent? - (answer)1950s/1960s
COMPLETE Questions and Verified Answers (Latest Update 2026)
What pieces of hardware are in the CPU? - (answer)Registers, ALU, and control unit
Hardware which serves as the CPUs memory. There are special and general purposed of these -
(answer)Registers
Hardware which does arithmetic and logical computations - (answer)ALU
Hardware which tracks state/status. Also controls other components - (answer)Control unit
Instruction cycle responsible for loading the instruction - (answer)Fetch
Instruction cycle responsible for finding the opcode/operands of the instruction and interpreting it -
(answer)Decode
Instruction cycle responsible for carrying out the instruction - (answer)Execute
Protected instructions can only be executed in a ____________ - (answer)Protected state
Legacy boot process - (answer)BIOS
What does BIOS stand for? - (answer)Binary Input Output System
The ________ bootstraps the boot sector - (answer)Bootloader
What does bootstrap mean? - (answer)Loading up the computer
Why are the bootsector and bootloader separate? - (answer)Bootsector is too small
,COMBINED COP4600 - FINAL EXAM /COP4600 Final Combined EXAM
COMPLETE Questions and Verified Answers (Latest Update 2026)
Where is the BIOS init stored? - (answer)The motherboard
What boot process is usable on x86-64 (i386) standalone PCs? - (answer)BIOS
What boot process has standard for ARM chipset systems? - (answer)Neither
Which boot process has standardized NVRAM locations for system variables? - (answer)UEFI
Which boot process uses a dedicated bootloader partition? - (answer)BIOS
Which boot process is usable on x86-64 (x64) standalone PCs? - (answer)Both
Newer boot process - (answer)UEFI
Which boot process simplifies diskless systems? - (answer)UEFI
What are the functions of an OS? - (answer)Loading programs onto machine, controlling I/O devices,
managing resources (memory, CPU), multi-tasking execution, data protection (permissions), and task
interaction (pipes, networking)
Mode for directly manipulating hardware - (answer)Kernel mode
T/F: No device is directly accessed without the kernel - (answer)True
T/F: Only system libraries can invoke system calls - (answer)False
,COMBINED COP4600 - FINAL EXAM /COP4600 Final Combined EXAM
COMPLETE Questions and Verified Answers (Latest Update 2026)
T/F: The system call invokes code written by system developers, while a procedure call invokes code
written by an application programmer - (answer)False
A running program is in ______ - (answer)Execution
When we run a program, we create a _________ for it - (answer)Process
Features of a process - (answer)Has some address space, associated with specific resources,
computational element/object, and has one or more threads of execution
When we make a _______, we add a stack frame to the call stack - (answer)Procedure call
Which pointer points to the beginning of the stack frame? - (answer)Frame pointer
Which pointer points to the beginning of the call stack? - (answer)Stack pointer
A ___________ involves a switch into kernel mode for execution - (answer)System call
Invocation of a system call causes a what? - (answer)Kernel trap
What must be stored in a kernel trap? - (answer)Current address, registers, etc
What gets the address from the interrupt vector during a kernel trap? - (answer)OS dispatcher
Generation of pre-OS in which there was a control room in which a human operator ran programs
(plugboards) - (answer)Generation 0: The operator
, COMBINED COP4600 - FINAL EXAM /COP4600 Final Combined EXAM
COMPLETE Questions and Verified Answers (Latest Update 2026)
When was Generation 0 of OS? - (answer)1940s
When was Generation 1 of OS? - (answer)1950s
Generation of OS in which a resident monitor was used to execute common tasks (basic job loading,
config, etc) for the operator. Users would reserve time on the system. Precursor to modern concept of
OS - (answer)Generation 1: resident monitor
Generation of OS in which job systems allowed many programs to be run in succession. A programmer
would submit a job on punch cards. The punch cards would be read by a card reader onto magnetic tap.
An operator would transfer prepared jobs to processing unit on input tape. Results would be written to
output tape, which would be read and printed - (answer)Generation 2: Batch systems
Batch system in which the OS sets up the next job and removes the current. Programs are run
sequentially - (answer)Uniprogrammed batch systems
Fence in memory which defines end in user memory and beginning of OS memory - (answer)Fence
register
Issues with uniprogrammed batch systems - (answer)Mainly I/O so idle CPU
Batch system in which when one job was running, the OS would set up and began to run next. They
would take turns on the CPU. In this system, the CPU was on idle when all jobs were in system -
(answer)Multiprogrammed batch systems
Formula for CPU utilization - (answer)1 - p^n (p = fraction of time process is in I/O wait; n = # jobs)
When were batch systems prevalent? - (answer)1950s/1960s
