Semmelweis Entrance Exam Medicine
Biology 153 Questions and Answers |
Verified Examination Questions and
Answers
• What are carbohydrates and lipids? -✓✓Organic compounds that are mostly
composed of three types of atom; carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
• What do carbohydrates do? -✓✓provide energy, in the form of sugars like
glucose and fructose, but they also make up structures like cellulose, which form
the cell wall of plant cells
• What type of carbohydrate is the most important source of energy? -✓✓mono-,
di- and poly-saccharides
• What are mono and disaccharides? -✓✓polar and soluble in water
• What are polysaccharides? -✓✓Macromolecules resulting from polymerisation
(condensation) of sugars and are not soluble in water
• Examples of monosaccharides -✓✓ribose, glucose, fructose, galactose
• What forms a disaccharide? -✓✓two monosaccharides linked together by
condensation reactions with glycosidic bonds releasing one H2O molecule
• Alpha glucose structure -✓✓
,• Beta glucose structure -✓✓
• Examples of Polysaccharides -✓✓cellulose, glycogen and starch
• Monomer of Sucrose -✓✓glucose and fructose
• monomer of maltose -✓✓glucose and glucose
• monomer of lactose -✓✓glucose and galactose
• monomer of starch -✓✓glucose
• monomer of glycogen -✓✓glucose
• monomer of cellulose -✓✓glucose
• In animals, what carbohydrate stores energy? -✓✓glycogen
• What jobs do carbohydrates have other than storing energy? -✓✓structural
components
• What differs the polysaccharides all made up of glucose? -✓✓they differ in the
arrangement of glucose molecules and position of the glycosidic bonds
• Starch arrangement -✓✓amylopectin branched, amylose linear
, • What is galactose? -✓✓a sugar in milk
• What is fructose? -✓✓a sugar found in fruit and honey
• Main characteristic of lipids? -✓✓little to no affinity to water, mostly
hydrophobic
• What are the simple forms of lipids? -✓✓fat, oil and wax
• What are lipids characteristics in different solvents? -✓✓they are non-polar and
insoluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents
• What are triglycerides? -✓✓the main group of lipids. They are formed by
condensation reactions between one glycerol and three fatty acids, creating ester
bonds
• What are the main types of triglycerides? -✓✓fats and oils. Fats are solid and oil
liquid at room temp
• What are fatty acids? -✓✓carboxylic acids, possessing a -COOH functional
group
• What are the two basic forms of fatty acids? -✓✓saturated and unsaturated
Biology 153 Questions and Answers |
Verified Examination Questions and
Answers
• What are carbohydrates and lipids? -✓✓Organic compounds that are mostly
composed of three types of atom; carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
• What do carbohydrates do? -✓✓provide energy, in the form of sugars like
glucose and fructose, but they also make up structures like cellulose, which form
the cell wall of plant cells
• What type of carbohydrate is the most important source of energy? -✓✓mono-,
di- and poly-saccharides
• What are mono and disaccharides? -✓✓polar and soluble in water
• What are polysaccharides? -✓✓Macromolecules resulting from polymerisation
(condensation) of sugars and are not soluble in water
• Examples of monosaccharides -✓✓ribose, glucose, fructose, galactose
• What forms a disaccharide? -✓✓two monosaccharides linked together by
condensation reactions with glycosidic bonds releasing one H2O molecule
• Alpha glucose structure -✓✓
,• Beta glucose structure -✓✓
• Examples of Polysaccharides -✓✓cellulose, glycogen and starch
• Monomer of Sucrose -✓✓glucose and fructose
• monomer of maltose -✓✓glucose and glucose
• monomer of lactose -✓✓glucose and galactose
• monomer of starch -✓✓glucose
• monomer of glycogen -✓✓glucose
• monomer of cellulose -✓✓glucose
• In animals, what carbohydrate stores energy? -✓✓glycogen
• What jobs do carbohydrates have other than storing energy? -✓✓structural
components
• What differs the polysaccharides all made up of glucose? -✓✓they differ in the
arrangement of glucose molecules and position of the glycosidic bonds
• Starch arrangement -✓✓amylopectin branched, amylose linear
, • What is galactose? -✓✓a sugar in milk
• What is fructose? -✓✓a sugar found in fruit and honey
• Main characteristic of lipids? -✓✓little to no affinity to water, mostly
hydrophobic
• What are the simple forms of lipids? -✓✓fat, oil and wax
• What are lipids characteristics in different solvents? -✓✓they are non-polar and
insoluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents
• What are triglycerides? -✓✓the main group of lipids. They are formed by
condensation reactions between one glycerol and three fatty acids, creating ester
bonds
• What are the main types of triglycerides? -✓✓fats and oils. Fats are solid and oil
liquid at room temp
• What are fatty acids? -✓✓carboxylic acids, possessing a -COOH functional
group
• What are the two basic forms of fatty acids? -✓✓saturated and unsaturated
