wgu pathophysiology d236
study guide questions/answers
1. describe how your body responds to an infection
t-cells produce cytokines, which stimulate b cells. b cells produce antibodies.
2. identify role of dna changes in congenital abnormalities
mutations in genes or chromosomal abnormalities.
3. how does development disrupt congenital abnormalities? alterations of dna.
4. describe factors that disrupt homeostasis and how disruptions affect well- being
fluid and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or dysrhythmias.
5. explain raas
renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system
reduced blood flow causes kidneys to release renin > produce angiotensin i
> converts to angiotensin i to angiotensin ii > vasoconstriction > release aldosterone > kidneys
conserve sodium and water > result: less water lost in urine and blood pressure maintained.
,6. dka
increased anion gap, decreased hco3.
7. how do kidneys compensate for alkalosis
retain h and excrete hco3.
8. untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which electrolyte? potassium
9. west nile virus
transmitted through the bite of an affected mosquito. severe signs and symptoms: high fever,
headache, stiff neck.
10. lyme disease
tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi.
11. erythema infectiosum
a febrile upper respiratory illness in a child followed by the sudden appearance of red, flushed
cheeks, “fifth disease”.
12. obesity and diabetes are risk factors for having a child with
spina bifida.
, 13. trousseau’s sign
arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia.
14. cause and sign of spina bifida
results from failure of the neural tube to close. sign: fluid filled sac on the lower back.
15. hemophilia is more common in
males.
16. prenatal exposure to alcohol includes
nd-pae, decreased brain function, fas
17. connective vs muscle tissue disorders
connective- ra, scleroderma, lupus
muscle- ms, muscular dystrophy, myasthenia gravia
18. describe lupus
inflammatory disorder characterized by joint pain and butterfly rash.
19. describe myasthenia gravis
it is an autoimmune disorder where antibodies attack own ach receptors. this causes weakness
of skeletal muscles over the course of the day, along with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty
swallowing.
20. dermatits
inflammation of the skin.
21. eczema
study guide questions/answers
1. describe how your body responds to an infection
t-cells produce cytokines, which stimulate b cells. b cells produce antibodies.
2. identify role of dna changes in congenital abnormalities
mutations in genes or chromosomal abnormalities.
3. how does development disrupt congenital abnormalities? alterations of dna.
4. describe factors that disrupt homeostasis and how disruptions affect well- being
fluid and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or dysrhythmias.
5. explain raas
renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system
reduced blood flow causes kidneys to release renin > produce angiotensin i
> converts to angiotensin i to angiotensin ii > vasoconstriction > release aldosterone > kidneys
conserve sodium and water > result: less water lost in urine and blood pressure maintained.
,6. dka
increased anion gap, decreased hco3.
7. how do kidneys compensate for alkalosis
retain h and excrete hco3.
8. untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which electrolyte? potassium
9. west nile virus
transmitted through the bite of an affected mosquito. severe signs and symptoms: high fever,
headache, stiff neck.
10. lyme disease
tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi.
11. erythema infectiosum
a febrile upper respiratory illness in a child followed by the sudden appearance of red, flushed
cheeks, “fifth disease”.
12. obesity and diabetes are risk factors for having a child with
spina bifida.
, 13. trousseau’s sign
arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia.
14. cause and sign of spina bifida
results from failure of the neural tube to close. sign: fluid filled sac on the lower back.
15. hemophilia is more common in
males.
16. prenatal exposure to alcohol includes
nd-pae, decreased brain function, fas
17. connective vs muscle tissue disorders
connective- ra, scleroderma, lupus
muscle- ms, muscular dystrophy, myasthenia gravia
18. describe lupus
inflammatory disorder characterized by joint pain and butterfly rash.
19. describe myasthenia gravis
it is an autoimmune disorder where antibodies attack own ach receptors. this causes weakness
of skeletal muscles over the course of the day, along with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty
swallowing.
20. dermatits
inflammation of the skin.
21. eczema
