Principles of anatomy and physiology
Tortora/Derrickson chapter 1
Physiologist
A person who studies the science of body functions
Anatomist
A person who studies the science of body structures and relationships
Histologist
A person who studies the science of tissue structure at a microscopic level
Levels of organization
Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organismal
Chemical level
Consists of atoms, molecules and macromolecules
Cellular level
Consists of combined molecules
4 types of cells
Muscle, nerve, epithelial, and connective tissue
Tissue level
Consists of groups of cells
4 types of tissue
Muscle, nerve, epithelial, connective
Organ level
Consists of different tissues joined together
System level
Consists of related organs with a common function
The 11 systems of the human body
Integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic,
respiratory, digestive, urinary, redproductive
Integumentary system
Protects and supports. Regulates body temperature and stores fat
Skeletal system
Protects and supports movement. Provides surface for muscle attachments
Muscular system
Aids in movement, and to maintain posture. Generates heat
Nervous system
Senses and responds to body conditions through nerve impulses
Endocrine system
Regulates body activity via hormone release
Cardiovascular system
Pumps blood and defends against disease and repair blood cells
Lymphatic system
Returns proteins and fluid to blood and contains B and T cells
Respiratory system
Transfers oxygen to blood from air to blood and carbon dioxide from blood to air
Digestive system
Achieves physical and chemical breakdown of food and absorbs nutrients
Urinary system
Produce, stores, and eliminates urine. Helps regenerate production of blood cells
Reproductive system
Release hormones to regulate reproduction and helps transfer and store gametes
Basic life process
Metabolism, responsiveness, movement, growth, differentiation, and reproduction
Tortora/Derrickson chapter 1
Physiologist
A person who studies the science of body functions
Anatomist
A person who studies the science of body structures and relationships
Histologist
A person who studies the science of tissue structure at a microscopic level
Levels of organization
Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organismal
Chemical level
Consists of atoms, molecules and macromolecules
Cellular level
Consists of combined molecules
4 types of cells
Muscle, nerve, epithelial, and connective tissue
Tissue level
Consists of groups of cells
4 types of tissue
Muscle, nerve, epithelial, connective
Organ level
Consists of different tissues joined together
System level
Consists of related organs with a common function
The 11 systems of the human body
Integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic,
respiratory, digestive, urinary, redproductive
Integumentary system
Protects and supports. Regulates body temperature and stores fat
Skeletal system
Protects and supports movement. Provides surface for muscle attachments
Muscular system
Aids in movement, and to maintain posture. Generates heat
Nervous system
Senses and responds to body conditions through nerve impulses
Endocrine system
Regulates body activity via hormone release
Cardiovascular system
Pumps blood and defends against disease and repair blood cells
Lymphatic system
Returns proteins and fluid to blood and contains B and T cells
Respiratory system
Transfers oxygen to blood from air to blood and carbon dioxide from blood to air
Digestive system
Achieves physical and chemical breakdown of food and absorbs nutrients
Urinary system
Produce, stores, and eliminates urine. Helps regenerate production of blood cells
Reproductive system
Release hormones to regulate reproduction and helps transfer and store gametes
Basic life process
Metabolism, responsiveness, movement, growth, differentiation, and reproduction
