Exam 1: NU 110 / NU110 ACTUAL EXAM 2026/2027 | Integrated Human Sciences | Verified Q&A | Pass Guaranteed - A+ Graded

Exam 1: NU 110 / NU110 ACTUAL
EXAM 2026/2027 | Integrated Human
Sciences | Verified Q&A | Pass
Guaranteed - A+ Graded

Section 1: Anatomy & Physiology Foundations (25 Questions)



Q1: A patient is lying flat on their back with the face upward. What is this position called?

 A. Prone

 B. Lateral

 C. Supine. [CORRECT]

 D. Trendelenburg

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Supine means lying horizontally with the face and torso facing upward. This is the standard
anatomical position for many physical assessments. Prone (A) is face-down, which is the reverse. Lateral
(B) means lying on the side. Trendelenburg (D) refers to a tilted position with the head lower than the
feet, not a flat back-lying position. Nursing relevance: Correct positioning terminology prevents
communication errors during documentation and patient handoffs.



Q2: The term "distal" refers to a structure that is:

 A. Closer to the midline of the body

 B. Closer to the point of attachment or origin

 C. Farther from the point of attachment or origin. [CORRECT]

 D. Toward the front of the body

,Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Distal means farther from the trunk or point of attachment (e.g., the wrist is distal to the
elbow). Closer to the midline (A) describes medial. Closer to the point of attachment (B) describes
proximal—students often confuse proximal and distal. Toward the front (D) describes anterior/ventral.
Nursing relevance: When documenting wound locations or IV site placement, using distal/proximal
correctly ensures precise communication.



Q3: The plane that divides the body into superior and inferior portions is the:

 A. Frontal (coronal) plane

 B. Sagittal plane

 C. Transverse (horizontal) plane. [CORRECT]

 D. Midsagittal plane

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The transverse (horizontal) plane divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower)
portions. Frontal/coronal (A) divides into anterior and posterior. Sagittal (B) divides into left and right.
Midsagittal (D) is a specific sagittal plane that divides into equal left and right halves. Nursing relevance:
Understanding imaging planes helps nurses interpret CT/MRI reports and explain procedures to
patients.



Q4: Which body cavity contains the brain?

 A. Thoracic cavity

 B. Abdominal cavity

 C. Cranial cavity. [CORRECT]

 D. Pelvic cavity

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The cranial cavity is the posterior portion of the dorsal cavity that houses the brain. Thoracic
cavity (A) contains the heart and lungs. Abdominal cavity (B) contains digestive organs. Pelvic cavity (D)
contains reproductive organs, bladder, and rectum. Nursing relevance: Knowledge of cavities is essential
for understanding trauma patterns, surgical approaches, and infection spread.

,Q5: The serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity and covering abdominal organs is the:

 A. Pleura

 B. Pericardium

 C. Peritoneum. [CORRECT]

 D. Meninges

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The peritoneum is the serous membrane of the abdominopelvic cavity. Pleura (A) surrounds
the lungs. Pericardium (B) surrounds the heart. Meninges (D) surround the brain and spinal cord.
Nursing relevance: Understanding peritonitis (inflammation of the peritoneum) and its signs (rebound
tenderness, rigidity) is critical for recognizing surgical emergencies.



Q6: Which directional term means "toward the head"?

 A. Caudal

 B. Inferior

 C. Superior. [CORRECT]

 D. Posterior

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Superior means toward the head or upper part of a structure. Caudal (A) means toward the
tail (lower)—this is the opposite and a common student error. Inferior (B) also means away from the
head/lower. Posterior (D) means toward the back. Nursing relevance: When describing pain migration
(e.g., appendicitis pain moving superiorly), directional accuracy matters for diagnosis.



Q7: The mediastinum is located within which cavity?

 A. Abdominal cavity

 B. Pelvic cavity

 C. Thoracic cavity. [CORRECT]

 D. Cranial cavity

Correct Answer: C

, Rationale: The mediastinum is the central compartment of the thoracic cavity, containing the heart,
great vessels, trachea, and esophagus. Abdominal (A) and pelvic (B) cavities are inferior to the
diaphragm. Cranial (D) is superior in the dorsal cavity. Nursing relevance: Mediastinal widening on chest
X-ray may indicate aortic dissection or lymphadenopathy—critical findings requiring rapid intervention.



Q8: Which organ system is responsible for producing blood cells?

 A. Integumentary system

 B. Skeletal system. [CORRECT]

 C. Lymphatic system

 D. Endocrine system

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Red bone marrow within bones produces blood cells (hematopoiesis). While the lymphatic
system (C) is involved in immune cell maturation, it does not produce blood cells. Integumentary (A)
provides protection. Endocrine (D) produces hormones. Nursing relevance: Understanding
hematopoiesis explains why bone marrow suppression (from chemotherapy) causes anemia,
leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia.



Q9: The term "visceral" refers to:

 A. Structures toward the surface of the body

 B. Organs within body cavities. [CORRECT]

 C. Structures closer to the midline

 D. The outer layer of skin

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Visceral refers to organs within body cavities (viscera). Toward the surface (A) describes
superficial. Closer to the midline (C) is medial. Outer layer of skin (D) is the epidermis. Nursing
relevance: Visceral pain is often poorly localized and referred to other areas (e.g., heart pain referred to
the left arm), which nurses must recognize.



Q10: Which plane divides the body into anterior and posterior portions?