NR 293 Pharmacology Week 6 Study Guide: Endocrine System 2026
|Chamberlain College
1. A nurse is preparing to administer insulin lispro to a client. At what time
should the nurse ensure the client consumes a meal?
A. 30 to 60 minutes before injection
B. 1 hour before injection
C. 2 hours after injection
D. Immediately after injection
Answer: D
Rationale: Insulin lispro is a rapid-acting insulin with an onset of 15 to 30 minutes. The
client should eat within 15 minutes of administration to prevent hypoglycemia.
2. Which of the following is a characteristic of glargine insulin?
A. It is clear in appearance and has no peak
B. It should be mixed with NPH insulin
C. It has a peak of 6 to 8 hours
D. It is administered only via IV infusion
Answer: A
Rationale: Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin that is clear, has no peak, and provides a
basal rate of insulin over 24 hours. It must never be mixed with other insulins.
,3. A client is prescribed metformin for type 2 diabetes. Which laboratory value
should the nurse monitor most closely?
A. Serum amylase
B. Platelet count
C. Serum creatinine
D. Serum sodium
Answer: C
Rationale: Metformin is excreted by the kidneys. Renal impairment can lead to
accumulation and lactic acidosis, so monitoring creatinine and GFR is essential.
4. When teaching a client about levothyroxine, which instruction is most
important?
A. Take the medication with a full meal
B. Take the medication at bedtime
C. Stop the medication if heart rate increases
D. Take the medication on an empty stomach in the morning
Answer: D
Rationale: Levothyroxine should be taken 30-60 minutes before breakfast on an empty
stomach to enhance absorption.
5. A nurse is caring for a client with diabetes insipidus. Which medication should
the nurse expect to administer?
A. Desmopressin
B. Spironolactone
C. Furosemide
D. Regular insulin
Answer: A
Rationale: Desmopressin is a synthetic form of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) used to treat
diabetes insipidus by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys.
, 6. Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor for in a client taking
propylthiouracil (PTU)?
A. Agranulocytosis
B. Weight loss
C. Tachycardia
D. Hyperglycemia
Answer: A
Rationale: PTU can cause agranulocytosis, which is a dangerous drop in white blood cell
count. Clients should report sore throat or fever immediately.
7. A client is taking prednisone long-term. Which finding suggests a side effect of
the medication?
A. Hypotension
B. Weight loss
C. Thinning of the skin
D. Hyperkalemia
Answer: C
Rationale: Long-term glucocorticoid use causes skin thinning, bruising, weight gain (moon
face/buffalo hump), and fluid retention.
8. The nurse is teaching a client about a new prescription for alendronate.
Which instruction should be included?
A. Lie down for 30 minutes after taking it
B. Take with a glass of milk
C. Take with a full glass of water and remain upright
D. Take the medication right before bed
Answer: C
Rationale: To prevent esophageal erosion, alendronate must be taken with 8 oz of plain
water and the client must remain upright for at least 30 minutes.
|Chamberlain College
1. A nurse is preparing to administer insulin lispro to a client. At what time
should the nurse ensure the client consumes a meal?
A. 30 to 60 minutes before injection
B. 1 hour before injection
C. 2 hours after injection
D. Immediately after injection
Answer: D
Rationale: Insulin lispro is a rapid-acting insulin with an onset of 15 to 30 minutes. The
client should eat within 15 minutes of administration to prevent hypoglycemia.
2. Which of the following is a characteristic of glargine insulin?
A. It is clear in appearance and has no peak
B. It should be mixed with NPH insulin
C. It has a peak of 6 to 8 hours
D. It is administered only via IV infusion
Answer: A
Rationale: Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin that is clear, has no peak, and provides a
basal rate of insulin over 24 hours. It must never be mixed with other insulins.
,3. A client is prescribed metformin for type 2 diabetes. Which laboratory value
should the nurse monitor most closely?
A. Serum amylase
B. Platelet count
C. Serum creatinine
D. Serum sodium
Answer: C
Rationale: Metformin is excreted by the kidneys. Renal impairment can lead to
accumulation and lactic acidosis, so monitoring creatinine and GFR is essential.
4. When teaching a client about levothyroxine, which instruction is most
important?
A. Take the medication with a full meal
B. Take the medication at bedtime
C. Stop the medication if heart rate increases
D. Take the medication on an empty stomach in the morning
Answer: D
Rationale: Levothyroxine should be taken 30-60 minutes before breakfast on an empty
stomach to enhance absorption.
5. A nurse is caring for a client with diabetes insipidus. Which medication should
the nurse expect to administer?
A. Desmopressin
B. Spironolactone
C. Furosemide
D. Regular insulin
Answer: A
Rationale: Desmopressin is a synthetic form of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) used to treat
diabetes insipidus by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys.
, 6. Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor for in a client taking
propylthiouracil (PTU)?
A. Agranulocytosis
B. Weight loss
C. Tachycardia
D. Hyperglycemia
Answer: A
Rationale: PTU can cause agranulocytosis, which is a dangerous drop in white blood cell
count. Clients should report sore throat or fever immediately.
7. A client is taking prednisone long-term. Which finding suggests a side effect of
the medication?
A. Hypotension
B. Weight loss
C. Thinning of the skin
D. Hyperkalemia
Answer: C
Rationale: Long-term glucocorticoid use causes skin thinning, bruising, weight gain (moon
face/buffalo hump), and fluid retention.
8. The nurse is teaching a client about a new prescription for alendronate.
Which instruction should be included?
A. Lie down for 30 minutes after taking it
B. Take with a glass of milk
C. Take with a full glass of water and remain upright
D. Take the medication right before bed
Answer: C
Rationale: To prevent esophageal erosion, alendronate must be taken with 8 oz of plain
water and the client must remain upright for at least 30 minutes.
