MSIS 4123 Exam #2 - Jim Burkman With
Complete Solutions
ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) - ANSWER codes
represent text in computers, telecommunications equipment, and other devices.
Unicode - ANSWER A character code that enables most of the languages of the
world to be symbolized with special character identification.
Developers - ANSWER focus on what can be done with code. Make business
solutions
Programmer - ANSWER focus on HOW code can do things.
motherboard - ANSWER A circuit board that contains all of the computer
system's main components.
CPU - ANSWER Central Processing Unit; the brain of the computer.
RAM - ANSWER Random Access Memory
ROM - ANSWER Read Only Memory
BIOS - ANSWER Basic Input/Output System
Power Supply - ANSWER A device that provides power to a computer.
Disk Drives (H Drive) - ANSWER Read data from and write data to a disk
Master Boot Record (MBR) - ANSWER The first sector on a hard drive, which
contains the partition table and a program the BIOS uses to boot an OS from the
drive.
computer processes - ANSWER input data
data goes to RAM
CPU takes data from RAM and uses it to execute instructions
data entering and leaving the computer get queued up in memory
Counting in Binary - ANSWER Number right to left starting with 1 and doubling to
256. Add all the numbers over a "1" in binary
, Convert Binary to Decimal - ANSWER start at right. multiply the number (1 or 0)
by the power of 2. the furthest right number is 2^0
Hexadecimal - ANSWER A base-16 number system that uses sixteen distinct
symbols 0-9 and A-F to represent numbers from 0 to 15.
UTF-8 - ANSWER A coding system for storing characters in bits, extending the 8-
bit ASCII coding system to include international characters by sometimes using
more than 8 bits.
instruction set - ANSWER set of all operations that can be executed by a
processor
machine code - ANSWER Zeros and ones that represent simple instructions
executed by a processor.
Assembly Language - ANSWER Programming language that has the same
structure and set of commands as machine languages but allows programmers
to use symbolic representations of numeric machine code.
higher languages - ANSWER Computer languages that are more easily human-
readable; further away from machine code
Compiled code - ANSWER Code that has been optimized by an application and
converted into an executable file. Compare with runtime code.
interpreted code - ANSWER Runs inside a special environment; is better for
testing
hard drives - ANSWER these drives are used to store data inside the computer.
solid state drive (SSD) - ANSWER A storage device that uses the same kind of
memory that flash drives use but that can reach data in only a tenth of the time a
flash drive requires.
FAT vs NTFS - ANSWER original vs current
NTFS (New Technology File System) - ANSWER A file system used on Windows-
based systems. It is more efficient and provides much more security than do
FAT-based file systems.
unallocated space - ANSWER the set of clusters that have been set aside to
store information, but have not yet received a file, or still contain some or all of a
file marked as deleted.
Complete Solutions
ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) - ANSWER codes
represent text in computers, telecommunications equipment, and other devices.
Unicode - ANSWER A character code that enables most of the languages of the
world to be symbolized with special character identification.
Developers - ANSWER focus on what can be done with code. Make business
solutions
Programmer - ANSWER focus on HOW code can do things.
motherboard - ANSWER A circuit board that contains all of the computer
system's main components.
CPU - ANSWER Central Processing Unit; the brain of the computer.
RAM - ANSWER Random Access Memory
ROM - ANSWER Read Only Memory
BIOS - ANSWER Basic Input/Output System
Power Supply - ANSWER A device that provides power to a computer.
Disk Drives (H Drive) - ANSWER Read data from and write data to a disk
Master Boot Record (MBR) - ANSWER The first sector on a hard drive, which
contains the partition table and a program the BIOS uses to boot an OS from the
drive.
computer processes - ANSWER input data
data goes to RAM
CPU takes data from RAM and uses it to execute instructions
data entering and leaving the computer get queued up in memory
Counting in Binary - ANSWER Number right to left starting with 1 and doubling to
256. Add all the numbers over a "1" in binary
, Convert Binary to Decimal - ANSWER start at right. multiply the number (1 or 0)
by the power of 2. the furthest right number is 2^0
Hexadecimal - ANSWER A base-16 number system that uses sixteen distinct
symbols 0-9 and A-F to represent numbers from 0 to 15.
UTF-8 - ANSWER A coding system for storing characters in bits, extending the 8-
bit ASCII coding system to include international characters by sometimes using
more than 8 bits.
instruction set - ANSWER set of all operations that can be executed by a
processor
machine code - ANSWER Zeros and ones that represent simple instructions
executed by a processor.
Assembly Language - ANSWER Programming language that has the same
structure and set of commands as machine languages but allows programmers
to use symbolic representations of numeric machine code.
higher languages - ANSWER Computer languages that are more easily human-
readable; further away from machine code
Compiled code - ANSWER Code that has been optimized by an application and
converted into an executable file. Compare with runtime code.
interpreted code - ANSWER Runs inside a special environment; is better for
testing
hard drives - ANSWER these drives are used to store data inside the computer.
solid state drive (SSD) - ANSWER A storage device that uses the same kind of
memory that flash drives use but that can reach data in only a tenth of the time a
flash drive requires.
FAT vs NTFS - ANSWER original vs current
NTFS (New Technology File System) - ANSWER A file system used on Windows-
based systems. It is more efficient and provides much more security than do
FAT-based file systems.
unallocated space - ANSWER the set of clusters that have been set aside to
store information, but have not yet received a file, or still contain some or all of a
file marked as deleted.
