NUR 1022C - FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING EXAM
2|2025-2026|:-SEMINOLE STATE COLLEGE
What are some examples of pathological influences on mobility?
- Postural abnormalities - e.g. scoliosis, lordosis, kyphosis, club
foot, knock knee
- Damage to CNS - spinal cord injuries, MS = multiple sclerosis
- Musculoskeletal Trauma
- Impaired muscle dvlpmt - muscular dystrophy
- decreased flexibility
What is chvostek's sign?
Push the cheek and it spasms
(low calcium) due to hypocalcemia
What are some therapeutic reasons for bed rest?
Definition: Mobility restriction where the pt. Is confined to their
bed for Tx reasons i.e. Weakness, decreased O2 consumption,
major surgery/ blood loss, to rest a body part I.e. fractures, safety
reasons, reduces pain, preeclampsia
,What is CBR?
Complete Bed Rest, pt uses a bedpan
What is BRP?
Bed rest with bathroom privileges, pt should use the call light
What is BSC?
Bed rest with bedside commode, usually with assistance
What is dangle on the side of bed?
Used with hypotensive pts, pts who have had major surgery
What is up to bedside chair?
The pt goes from bed to bed side chair, always use another nurse
for heavy pts.
,What is disuse atrophy?
When cells and tissues reduce in size due to disuse
What is OOB with assistance?
Out of bed with assistance
What is OOB Ad lib?
Out of bed at liberty, they can freely walk around, make sure
catheters/foleys are empty, supportive shoes
What are the systemic effects of immobility?
- Glucose intolerance > high blood glucose
- decreased calcium absorption > bone breakdown (osteoporosis)
- decreased peristalsis > fecal impaction/ constipation
- muscle breakdown > negative nitrogen balance > fatigue
- atelectasis (collapsed alveoli)
- pts can 't expand their lungs as often > can't move secretions out
of their respiratory track > secretions can end up in their lungs >
hyperstatic pneumonia
, - decreased metabolic activity, metabolize protein in the muscles
- orthostatic hypotension, decreased cardiac output, blood clots
due to reduced circulation, ischemia > necrosis, tachycardia
- urine can stay in the pelvic area and lead to renal calculus aka
kidney stones
- urinary retention > infection
- pressure ulcers
- psychosocial issues - depression, anxiety
What is hypostatic pneumonia?
An infection of the lungs associated with immobility caused by pts
not being able to take deep breaths or cough
What are the metabolic changes that can occur due to immobility?
Muscle atrophy (cells and tissue decrease in size due to
immobility), protein muscles breakdown into amino acids, amino
acids breakdown into nitrogen. The pt basically loses more
nitrogen then they can intake > protein supplements
Can lead to anorexia (not hungry, no appetite) and fatigue
2|2025-2026|:-SEMINOLE STATE COLLEGE
What are some examples of pathological influences on mobility?
- Postural abnormalities - e.g. scoliosis, lordosis, kyphosis, club
foot, knock knee
- Damage to CNS - spinal cord injuries, MS = multiple sclerosis
- Musculoskeletal Trauma
- Impaired muscle dvlpmt - muscular dystrophy
- decreased flexibility
What is chvostek's sign?
Push the cheek and it spasms
(low calcium) due to hypocalcemia
What are some therapeutic reasons for bed rest?
Definition: Mobility restriction where the pt. Is confined to their
bed for Tx reasons i.e. Weakness, decreased O2 consumption,
major surgery/ blood loss, to rest a body part I.e. fractures, safety
reasons, reduces pain, preeclampsia
,What is CBR?
Complete Bed Rest, pt uses a bedpan
What is BRP?
Bed rest with bathroom privileges, pt should use the call light
What is BSC?
Bed rest with bedside commode, usually with assistance
What is dangle on the side of bed?
Used with hypotensive pts, pts who have had major surgery
What is up to bedside chair?
The pt goes from bed to bed side chair, always use another nurse
for heavy pts.
,What is disuse atrophy?
When cells and tissues reduce in size due to disuse
What is OOB with assistance?
Out of bed with assistance
What is OOB Ad lib?
Out of bed at liberty, they can freely walk around, make sure
catheters/foleys are empty, supportive shoes
What are the systemic effects of immobility?
- Glucose intolerance > high blood glucose
- decreased calcium absorption > bone breakdown (osteoporosis)
- decreased peristalsis > fecal impaction/ constipation
- muscle breakdown > negative nitrogen balance > fatigue
- atelectasis (collapsed alveoli)
- pts can 't expand their lungs as often > can't move secretions out
of their respiratory track > secretions can end up in their lungs >
hyperstatic pneumonia
, - decreased metabolic activity, metabolize protein in the muscles
- orthostatic hypotension, decreased cardiac output, blood clots
due to reduced circulation, ischemia > necrosis, tachycardia
- urine can stay in the pelvic area and lead to renal calculus aka
kidney stones
- urinary retention > infection
- pressure ulcers
- psychosocial issues - depression, anxiety
What is hypostatic pneumonia?
An infection of the lungs associated with immobility caused by pts
not being able to take deep breaths or cough
What are the metabolic changes that can occur due to immobility?
Muscle atrophy (cells and tissue decrease in size due to
immobility), protein muscles breakdown into amino acids, amino
acids breakdown into nitrogen. The pt basically loses more
nitrogen then they can intake > protein supplements
Can lead to anorexia (not hungry, no appetite) and fatigue
