Test bank for Structure and Function of the
Body 16th Edition by Kevin Patton| Chapter
1-22| ISBN: 9780323597791
Cytology - answer-The analysis of the internal structure of individual cells.
Gross Anatomy - answer-The study of the general form and superficial markings of an organism.
Surface Anatomy - answer-The study of the superficial and internal features in a specific area of
the body.
Pathological Anatomy - answer-Anatomical features that change during illness.
Cytology - answer-The study of the liver cell.
Embryology - answer-The study of the first two months of development.
Systemic Physiology - answer-The study of the function of specific organ systems.
Cardiovascular Physiology - answer-An example of systemic physiology.
Complexity Order - answer-Arranged from the most COMPLEX to the SIMPLEST: organism,
system, organ, tissue, cellular, molecular.
1
,Skeletal System - answer-Provides support, protection of soft tissue, mineral storage, and blood
formation.
Cardiovascular System - answer-Transports nutrients, metabolic wastes, gases, and defense
cells.
Lymphatic System - answer-Includes the spleen and the tonsils.
Kidneys and Ureters - answer-Organs of the urinary system.
endocrine - answer-A system of glands that release hormones into the bloodstream.
digestive - answer-A system responsible for the breakdown and absorption of food.
respiratory - answer-A system that facilitates the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
urinary - answer-A system that removes waste products from the body and regulates water
balance.
lymphatic - answer-A system that helps defend against infection and disease.
pituitary gland - answer-An endocrine gland that controls various hormonal functions.
thyroid gland - answer-An endocrine gland that regulates metabolism and energy levels.
carbon dioxide removal - answer-The process by which the respiratory system eliminates
2
,carbon dioxide from the bloodstream.
lungs - answer-Organs of the respiratory system that facilitate gas exchange.
liver - answer-An organ of the digestive system that processes nutrients and detoxifies
substances.
skin - answer-The largest organ of the integumentary system that protects the body.
homeostasis - answer-The maintenance of a constant internal environment in an organism.
negative feedback - answer-A regulatory mechanism in which a change in a physiological
variable triggers a response that counteracts the initial change.
nervous system - answer-A system that coordinates the body's responses to internal and
external stimuli.
endocrine system characteristics - answer-Includes releasing hormones, producing effects that
last for days, and affecting multiple organs.
anatomical position - answer-A standard position of the body used as a reference point, with
the body facing forward and palms facing forward.
ventral - answer-An anatomical term that means the same as anterior.
medial - answer-Referring to a position closer to the midline of the body.
3
, proximal - answer-Referring to a position closer to the point of attachment of a limb.
distal - answer-Referring to a position further from the point of attachment of a limb.
lateral - answer-Referring to a position away from the midline of the body.
posterior - answer-Referring to the back side of the body.
superior - answer-Referring to a position above or higher than another part of the body.
inferior - answer-Referring to a position below or lower than another part of the body.
Negative feedback loop - answer-A process that counteracts a change in a physiological
variable.
Receptor - answer-A structure that detects a stimulus.
Integrating center - answer-The part of the body that processes information and sends
commands.
Effector - answer-A cell or organ that responds to commands of the control center in negative
feedback.
Positive feedback - answer-A type of feedback that exaggerates the effects of variations from
normal.
4
Body 16th Edition by Kevin Patton| Chapter
1-22| ISBN: 9780323597791
Cytology - answer-The analysis of the internal structure of individual cells.
Gross Anatomy - answer-The study of the general form and superficial markings of an organism.
Surface Anatomy - answer-The study of the superficial and internal features in a specific area of
the body.
Pathological Anatomy - answer-Anatomical features that change during illness.
Cytology - answer-The study of the liver cell.
Embryology - answer-The study of the first two months of development.
Systemic Physiology - answer-The study of the function of specific organ systems.
Cardiovascular Physiology - answer-An example of systemic physiology.
Complexity Order - answer-Arranged from the most COMPLEX to the SIMPLEST: organism,
system, organ, tissue, cellular, molecular.
1
,Skeletal System - answer-Provides support, protection of soft tissue, mineral storage, and blood
formation.
Cardiovascular System - answer-Transports nutrients, metabolic wastes, gases, and defense
cells.
Lymphatic System - answer-Includes the spleen and the tonsils.
Kidneys and Ureters - answer-Organs of the urinary system.
endocrine - answer-A system of glands that release hormones into the bloodstream.
digestive - answer-A system responsible for the breakdown and absorption of food.
respiratory - answer-A system that facilitates the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
urinary - answer-A system that removes waste products from the body and regulates water
balance.
lymphatic - answer-A system that helps defend against infection and disease.
pituitary gland - answer-An endocrine gland that controls various hormonal functions.
thyroid gland - answer-An endocrine gland that regulates metabolism and energy levels.
carbon dioxide removal - answer-The process by which the respiratory system eliminates
2
,carbon dioxide from the bloodstream.
lungs - answer-Organs of the respiratory system that facilitate gas exchange.
liver - answer-An organ of the digestive system that processes nutrients and detoxifies
substances.
skin - answer-The largest organ of the integumentary system that protects the body.
homeostasis - answer-The maintenance of a constant internal environment in an organism.
negative feedback - answer-A regulatory mechanism in which a change in a physiological
variable triggers a response that counteracts the initial change.
nervous system - answer-A system that coordinates the body's responses to internal and
external stimuli.
endocrine system characteristics - answer-Includes releasing hormones, producing effects that
last for days, and affecting multiple organs.
anatomical position - answer-A standard position of the body used as a reference point, with
the body facing forward and palms facing forward.
ventral - answer-An anatomical term that means the same as anterior.
medial - answer-Referring to a position closer to the midline of the body.
3
, proximal - answer-Referring to a position closer to the point of attachment of a limb.
distal - answer-Referring to a position further from the point of attachment of a limb.
lateral - answer-Referring to a position away from the midline of the body.
posterior - answer-Referring to the back side of the body.
superior - answer-Referring to a position above or higher than another part of the body.
inferior - answer-Referring to a position below or lower than another part of the body.
Negative feedback loop - answer-A process that counteracts a change in a physiological
variable.
Receptor - answer-A structure that detects a stimulus.
Integrating center - answer-The part of the body that processes information and sends
commands.
Effector - answer-A cell or organ that responds to commands of the control center in negative
feedback.
Positive feedback - answer-A type of feedback that exaggerates the effects of variations from
normal.
4
