Dimensions of Nursing-
FINAL EXAM Questions
and Answers Updated
2026
HippocratesB-BAnswer"FatherBofBModernBMedicine.
BeliefsBfocusedBonBharmonyBwithBtheBnaturalBlawBinsteadBofBonBappeasingBtheBgods.B
EmphasizedBtreatingBtheBwholeBclient,Bmind,Bbody,Bspirit,BandBtheBenvironment.
MadeBdiagnosisBonBtheBbasisBofBsymptomsBratherBthanBonBanBisolatedBideaBofBaBdise
ase.B
HeBwasBconcernedBwithBethicalBstandardsBforBphysicians,BexpressedBinBtheBnow-
famousBHippocraticBOath.
FlorenceBNightingaleB-
BAnswerFounderBofBmodernBnursing,BinB1851.BNightingaleBsupervisedB125BnursesBinBse
veralBlargeBhospitals,BandBadvocatedBaBprogramBofBatBleastB1ByearBthatBincludedBbasic
BbiologicalBscience,BtechniquesBtoBimproveBnursingBcare,BandBsupervisedBpractice.
IsabelBAdamsBHamptonBRobbB-
BAnswerDedicatedBherBlifeBtoBraisingBtheBstandardsBofBnursingBeducationBinBtheBUnite
dBStates,BandBwasBtheBfirstBasBdirectorBofBtheBIllinoisBTrainingBSchoolBforBNurses,Bhea
dedBtheBnewBJohnsBHopkinsBTrainingBSchoolBforBNurses.B
FormedBtheBAmericanBSocietyBofBSuperintendentsBofBTrainingBSchoolsBforBNursesBandB
servedBasBchairwoman.B
,InB1896,BsheBbecameBtheBfirstBpresidentBofBaBgroupBcalledBtheBNursesBAssociatedBAlu
mnaeBofBtheBUnitedBStatesBandBCanada,BwhichBwouldBlaterBbecomeBtheBAmericanBNu
rsesBAssociationB(ANA).B
RobbBhelpedBdevelopBtheBstillBtheBofficialBjournalBcalledBtheBAmericanBJournalBofBNurs
ing,BtheBfirstBprofessionalBjournalBforBnursing.
LillianBWaldB-
BAnswerOpenedBaBstorefrontBhealthBclinicBcalledBtheBHenryBStreetBSettlementBinBNew
BYork.B
MetropolitanBLifeBInsuranceBCompanyBsawBvalueBinBherBbeliefsBandBaskedBherBtoBorga
nizeBitsBnursingBbranch,BandBsheBfoundedBtheBAmericanBRedBCross'sBTownBandBCountr
yBNursingBService.B
SheBfoundedBandBbecameBtheBfirstBpresidentBofBtheBNationalBOrganizationBforBPublicB
HealthBNursing,BwasBtheBfirstBtoBplaceBnursesBinBpublicBschools,BandBcurrentBproposal
sBforBhealth-
careBreformBoftenBincludeBherBideasBaboutBpublicBhealthBnursing,BindependentBclinics,
BandBhealthBmaintenance.
LorettaBC.BFordB-BAnswerCreditedBwithBfoundingBnurseBpractitionerBpractice.
BAwardedBtheBBlackwellBAwardB(namedBforBtheBfirstBfemaleBdoctorBinBAmerica)BfromB
HobartBandBWilliamBSmithBColleges,BwhichBisBgivenBtoBaBwomanBwhoseBlifeBexemplifie
sBoutstandingBserviceBtoBhumanity.B
FordBwasBinductedBintoBtheBNationalBWomen'sBHallBofBFameBinB2011,BandBstillBconsul
tsBandBlecturesBatBtheBUniversityBofBRochesterBSchoolBofBNursing.
LampB-
BAnsweraBsymbolBofBlearning,BsignsBofBcaring,Bcomfort,BandBoftenBtheBdifferenceBbetw
,eenBlifeBandBdeath.BandBaBsymbolBofBtheBidealsBandBselflessBdevotionBofBFlorenceBNig
htingale.
NursingBPinB-
BAnswerFirstBmodernBnursingBpinBisBattributedBtoBFlorenceBNightingale,BaBsignBofBtheir
BlegalBauthorityBasBlicensedBprofessionals,BandBwasBevidenceBofBtheirBsuccessfulBcompl
etionBofBtheBnursingBprogram.
NursingBCapB-
BAnswerMuchBofBhistory,BwomenBwereBrequiredBtoBkeepBtheirBheadsBcoveredBwithBso
meBtypeBofBgarment,BaBwhiteBcapBthatBsignifiedB"serviceBtoBothers",BforBwomenBtoBk
eepBtheirBheadsBcovered;BitBkeptBtheBnurse'sBlongBhair,BupBandBoffBherBface;BandBitBk
eptBtheBhairBfromBbecomingBsoiled.B
CappingBindicatedBthatBtheBstudentBwasBnowBoffBprobationBandBthatBsheBhadBearnedB
theBrightBtoBwearBtheBcapBduringBclinicalBrotationsBinBtheBhospital,Bfirst-
yearBstudentsBworeBplainBwhiteBcaps,Bsecond-
yearBstudentsBhadBaBverticalBblackBbandBaddedBtoBtheBedgeBofBtheBcap,BandBthird-
yearBstudentsBwereBgivenBaBsecondBverticalBblackBband.
QSENBCompetenciesB-BAnswerClient-centeredBcareB
TeamworkBandBcollaboration
Evidence-basedBpracticeB(EBP)
QualityBimprovementB(QI)
SafetyBInformatics
ImportanceBofBInterpersonalBeducationBforBnursesB-BAnswerLocalBhealthBneedsB
, FragmentedBhealth-careBpracticesB
PresentBandBfutureBhealth-careBneeds
ShortagesBinBtheBhealthBworkforceB
CollaborativeBpracticeB
ImprovedBhealth-careBsystem
PurposeBandBneedsBforBnursingBlicensureB-
BAnswerRulesBandBregulationsBwrittenBbyBtheBstateBboardsBofBnursingBbecomeBstatuto
ryBlawsBunderBtheBpowersBdelegatedBbyBtheBstateBlegislature,BandBdefineBpowersBrega
rdingBtheBpracticeBofBnursingBwithinBtheBstate.
WaysBaBnursingBlicenseBmayBbeBrevokedB-BAnswerConvictionBforBaBseriousBcrimeB
DemonstrationBofBgrossBnegligenceBorBunethicalBconductBinBtheBpracticeBofBnursingB
WillfulBviolationBofBtheBstate'sBnurseBpracticeBact
FailureBtoBrenewBaBnursingBlicenseBwhileBstillBcontinuingBtoBpracticeBnursingB
UseBofBillegalBdrugsBorBalcoholBduringBtheBprovisionBofBcareBforBclientsBorBuseBthatBc
arriesBoverBandBaffectsBclients'Bcare
ImportanceBofBnursesBtoBjoinBprofessionalBorganizationsB-
BAnswer•BNationalBnursingBorganizationsBneedBtheBparticipationBandBmembershipBofBa
llBnursesBinBorderBtoBclaimBthatBtheyBareBtrulyBrepresentativeBofBtheBprofession.
FINAL EXAM Questions
and Answers Updated
2026
HippocratesB-BAnswer"FatherBofBModernBMedicine.
BeliefsBfocusedBonBharmonyBwithBtheBnaturalBlawBinsteadBofBonBappeasingBtheBgods.B
EmphasizedBtreatingBtheBwholeBclient,Bmind,Bbody,Bspirit,BandBtheBenvironment.
MadeBdiagnosisBonBtheBbasisBofBsymptomsBratherBthanBonBanBisolatedBideaBofBaBdise
ase.B
HeBwasBconcernedBwithBethicalBstandardsBforBphysicians,BexpressedBinBtheBnow-
famousBHippocraticBOath.
FlorenceBNightingaleB-
BAnswerFounderBofBmodernBnursing,BinB1851.BNightingaleBsupervisedB125BnursesBinBse
veralBlargeBhospitals,BandBadvocatedBaBprogramBofBatBleastB1ByearBthatBincludedBbasic
BbiologicalBscience,BtechniquesBtoBimproveBnursingBcare,BandBsupervisedBpractice.
IsabelBAdamsBHamptonBRobbB-
BAnswerDedicatedBherBlifeBtoBraisingBtheBstandardsBofBnursingBeducationBinBtheBUnite
dBStates,BandBwasBtheBfirstBasBdirectorBofBtheBIllinoisBTrainingBSchoolBforBNurses,Bhea
dedBtheBnewBJohnsBHopkinsBTrainingBSchoolBforBNurses.B
FormedBtheBAmericanBSocietyBofBSuperintendentsBofBTrainingBSchoolsBforBNursesBandB
servedBasBchairwoman.B
,InB1896,BsheBbecameBtheBfirstBpresidentBofBaBgroupBcalledBtheBNursesBAssociatedBAlu
mnaeBofBtheBUnitedBStatesBandBCanada,BwhichBwouldBlaterBbecomeBtheBAmericanBNu
rsesBAssociationB(ANA).B
RobbBhelpedBdevelopBtheBstillBtheBofficialBjournalBcalledBtheBAmericanBJournalBofBNurs
ing,BtheBfirstBprofessionalBjournalBforBnursing.
LillianBWaldB-
BAnswerOpenedBaBstorefrontBhealthBclinicBcalledBtheBHenryBStreetBSettlementBinBNew
BYork.B
MetropolitanBLifeBInsuranceBCompanyBsawBvalueBinBherBbeliefsBandBaskedBherBtoBorga
nizeBitsBnursingBbranch,BandBsheBfoundedBtheBAmericanBRedBCross'sBTownBandBCountr
yBNursingBService.B
SheBfoundedBandBbecameBtheBfirstBpresidentBofBtheBNationalBOrganizationBforBPublicB
HealthBNursing,BwasBtheBfirstBtoBplaceBnursesBinBpublicBschools,BandBcurrentBproposal
sBforBhealth-
careBreformBoftenBincludeBherBideasBaboutBpublicBhealthBnursing,BindependentBclinics,
BandBhealthBmaintenance.
LorettaBC.BFordB-BAnswerCreditedBwithBfoundingBnurseBpractitionerBpractice.
BAwardedBtheBBlackwellBAwardB(namedBforBtheBfirstBfemaleBdoctorBinBAmerica)BfromB
HobartBandBWilliamBSmithBColleges,BwhichBisBgivenBtoBaBwomanBwhoseBlifeBexemplifie
sBoutstandingBserviceBtoBhumanity.B
FordBwasBinductedBintoBtheBNationalBWomen'sBHallBofBFameBinB2011,BandBstillBconsul
tsBandBlecturesBatBtheBUniversityBofBRochesterBSchoolBofBNursing.
LampB-
BAnsweraBsymbolBofBlearning,BsignsBofBcaring,Bcomfort,BandBoftenBtheBdifferenceBbetw
,eenBlifeBandBdeath.BandBaBsymbolBofBtheBidealsBandBselflessBdevotionBofBFlorenceBNig
htingale.
NursingBPinB-
BAnswerFirstBmodernBnursingBpinBisBattributedBtoBFlorenceBNightingale,BaBsignBofBtheir
BlegalBauthorityBasBlicensedBprofessionals,BandBwasBevidenceBofBtheirBsuccessfulBcompl
etionBofBtheBnursingBprogram.
NursingBCapB-
BAnswerMuchBofBhistory,BwomenBwereBrequiredBtoBkeepBtheirBheadsBcoveredBwithBso
meBtypeBofBgarment,BaBwhiteBcapBthatBsignifiedB"serviceBtoBothers",BforBwomenBtoBk
eepBtheirBheadsBcovered;BitBkeptBtheBnurse'sBlongBhair,BupBandBoffBherBface;BandBitBk
eptBtheBhairBfromBbecomingBsoiled.B
CappingBindicatedBthatBtheBstudentBwasBnowBoffBprobationBandBthatBsheBhadBearnedB
theBrightBtoBwearBtheBcapBduringBclinicalBrotationsBinBtheBhospital,Bfirst-
yearBstudentsBworeBplainBwhiteBcaps,Bsecond-
yearBstudentsBhadBaBverticalBblackBbandBaddedBtoBtheBedgeBofBtheBcap,BandBthird-
yearBstudentsBwereBgivenBaBsecondBverticalBblackBband.
QSENBCompetenciesB-BAnswerClient-centeredBcareB
TeamworkBandBcollaboration
Evidence-basedBpracticeB(EBP)
QualityBimprovementB(QI)
SafetyBInformatics
ImportanceBofBInterpersonalBeducationBforBnursesB-BAnswerLocalBhealthBneedsB
, FragmentedBhealth-careBpracticesB
PresentBandBfutureBhealth-careBneeds
ShortagesBinBtheBhealthBworkforceB
CollaborativeBpracticeB
ImprovedBhealth-careBsystem
PurposeBandBneedsBforBnursingBlicensureB-
BAnswerRulesBandBregulationsBwrittenBbyBtheBstateBboardsBofBnursingBbecomeBstatuto
ryBlawsBunderBtheBpowersBdelegatedBbyBtheBstateBlegislature,BandBdefineBpowersBrega
rdingBtheBpracticeBofBnursingBwithinBtheBstate.
WaysBaBnursingBlicenseBmayBbeBrevokedB-BAnswerConvictionBforBaBseriousBcrimeB
DemonstrationBofBgrossBnegligenceBorBunethicalBconductBinBtheBpracticeBofBnursingB
WillfulBviolationBofBtheBstate'sBnurseBpracticeBact
FailureBtoBrenewBaBnursingBlicenseBwhileBstillBcontinuingBtoBpracticeBnursingB
UseBofBillegalBdrugsBorBalcoholBduringBtheBprovisionBofBcareBforBclientsBorBuseBthatBc
arriesBoverBandBaffectsBclients'Bcare
ImportanceBofBnursesBtoBjoinBprofessionalBorganizationsB-
BAnswer•BNationalBnursingBorganizationsBneedBtheBparticipationBandBmembershipBofBa
llBnursesBinBorderBtoBclaimBthatBtheyBareBtrulyBrepresentativeBofBtheBprofession.