WGU - C458 - HEALTH, WELLNESS AND FITNESS
EXAM WITH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS/STUDY
GUIDE
Amphetamines
Uppers, stimulants. Legitimate and useful medical applications but often abused.
Example Ritalin for ADHD. Adderall for obesity, ADHD and narcolepsy.
Ecstasy
MDMA. Club drug often used at all night dance parties (raves). Stimulant that increases
heart rate and blood pressure and can lead to heart or kidney failure; regular use
produces long-lasting, perhaps permanent, damage to your brains ability to think and
store memories.
Hallucinogens
Substances that occur naturally or produce synthetically that distort user's perception of
reality; cause sensory illusions that make it difficult to distinguish fact from fantasy.
Example: LSD, peyote, PCP.
Barbiturates
Historically represented one of nations biggest drug abuse problems. Generally known
as downers, often taken as a way of escaping problems of daily living. Effects range
from person feeling drowsy, uninhibited, and intoxicated to intoxication and staggering
as if drunk, slurred speech, confused.
,Nicotine
Found in tobacco. Potent parasympathetic alkaloid, stimulant drug, addictive.
Associated with cardiovascular disease, potential birth defects, and poisoning.
Associated with cancer.
Suppositories
Drug delivery system inserted into rectum, vagina, or urethra where it dissolves or melts
and is absorbed into the bloodstream.
Diuretics
Promotes production of urine. Used for high blood pressure. Often used by bulimics for
weight loss.
Intravenous injection
A route of drug administration directly into the bloodstream through a vein. Yield
strongest and most rapid effect but is most dangerous due to risk of infection, vein
collapse, or overdose.
Intramuscular injection
A route of drug administration; injected into the muscle.
Drug abuse
, Generally refers to chronic, excessive use of a drug. May also refer to a person's intent.
Drug inhibition (receptor site)
THC
Active ingredient in marijuana. Connects to nerve cell sites and brain called cannabinoid
receptors and influences the activity of those cells. Influences pleasure, memory,
thought, concentration, sensory and time perception, and coordinated movement.
Increases risk of heart attack. Increases risk of cancer. Can lead to depression anxiety
and personality disturbances. Causes birth defects. Can be used for medical purposes:
glaucoma, Chemotherapy cause to nausea and vomiting, appetite stimulant,
antiasthmatic, seizures, muscle relaxant action.
Receptor sites (of a drug)
Target cells for drugs.
OTC drugs
Over-the-counter drugs; such as, cough medicine, pain medication, allergy medication
that don't require prescriptions.
Tolerance
Some drugs are used frequently, large doses are required to maintain the same effect
EXAM WITH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS/STUDY
GUIDE
Amphetamines
Uppers, stimulants. Legitimate and useful medical applications but often abused.
Example Ritalin for ADHD. Adderall for obesity, ADHD and narcolepsy.
Ecstasy
MDMA. Club drug often used at all night dance parties (raves). Stimulant that increases
heart rate and blood pressure and can lead to heart or kidney failure; regular use
produces long-lasting, perhaps permanent, damage to your brains ability to think and
store memories.
Hallucinogens
Substances that occur naturally or produce synthetically that distort user's perception of
reality; cause sensory illusions that make it difficult to distinguish fact from fantasy.
Example: LSD, peyote, PCP.
Barbiturates
Historically represented one of nations biggest drug abuse problems. Generally known
as downers, often taken as a way of escaping problems of daily living. Effects range
from person feeling drowsy, uninhibited, and intoxicated to intoxication and staggering
as if drunk, slurred speech, confused.
,Nicotine
Found in tobacco. Potent parasympathetic alkaloid, stimulant drug, addictive.
Associated with cardiovascular disease, potential birth defects, and poisoning.
Associated with cancer.
Suppositories
Drug delivery system inserted into rectum, vagina, or urethra where it dissolves or melts
and is absorbed into the bloodstream.
Diuretics
Promotes production of urine. Used for high blood pressure. Often used by bulimics for
weight loss.
Intravenous injection
A route of drug administration directly into the bloodstream through a vein. Yield
strongest and most rapid effect but is most dangerous due to risk of infection, vein
collapse, or overdose.
Intramuscular injection
A route of drug administration; injected into the muscle.
Drug abuse
, Generally refers to chronic, excessive use of a drug. May also refer to a person's intent.
Drug inhibition (receptor site)
THC
Active ingredient in marijuana. Connects to nerve cell sites and brain called cannabinoid
receptors and influences the activity of those cells. Influences pleasure, memory,
thought, concentration, sensory and time perception, and coordinated movement.
Increases risk of heart attack. Increases risk of cancer. Can lead to depression anxiety
and personality disturbances. Causes birth defects. Can be used for medical purposes:
glaucoma, Chemotherapy cause to nausea and vomiting, appetite stimulant,
antiasthmatic, seizures, muscle relaxant action.
Receptor sites (of a drug)
Target cells for drugs.
OTC drugs
Over-the-counter drugs; such as, cough medicine, pain medication, allergy medication
that don't require prescriptions.
Tolerance
Some drugs are used frequently, large doses are required to maintain the same effect
