FUNDAMENTALS 1871 FINAL PREPARATION
GUIDE 2026 COMPLETE SOLVED QUESTIONS
▶ hyperactivity/impulsivity presentation sx Answer: fidgets/squirms, runs or
climbs in inappropriate places, trouble w quiet activities, has trouble waiting
for their turn
▶ ADHD Neurocircuitry: dysregulation of ????*** Answer: Dysregulation of
Dopamine and Norepinephrine in the prefrontal cortex
▶ ADHD is the most common ___ Answer: childhood behavioral health
disorder
▶ ADHD: more ___ than ___ diagnosed Answer: boys than girls
▶ ADHD: what is key Answer: input from family and teachers
▶ ADHD meds: side effects for children Answer: Watch their weight !!!!
Lack of appetite, sleep
▶ ADHD medications Answer: Atomoxetine (non-stimulant)
Lisdexamfetamine (stimulant)
Adderall (mixed amphetamine)
Methylphenidate (long acting)
Methylphenidate (short acting)
Buproprion
▶ ADHD MOA Answer: most ADHD meds work by:
1. inhibiting dopamine transporter, increasing synaptic dopamine
2. some also block norepinephrine transporters, improving alertness and
attention
results in better focus, impulse control, and executive functioning
▶ ADHD common side effects Answer: headaches
irritability
, decreased appetite/weight loss
insomnia
▶ ADHD - monitor what Answer: EMC, especially if they have a cardiac
history ????
Blood pressure
▶ Cognition Answer: perception, reasoning, memory
▶ Neurocognitive disorders = decline in what Answer: cognition
▶ Cognition & Neurocognitive Disorders - Domains: Answer: attention,
memory, language, social cognition, social engagement, processing
▶ Delirium = Answer: acute, reversible, fluctuating course
AMS
disordered thinking
often due to: UTI, sepsis, meds, metabolic imabalance, hypoxia,
▶ Dementia = Answer: chronic, progressive, losing function over time,
stable course/doesn't fluctuate
clear LOC until late in disease
usually irreversible
▶ ____ is a medical emergency Answer: delirium
▶ hallmark of delirum Answer: inattention
▶ dementia timeframe Answer: months - years
▶ delirium timeframe Answer: hours - days
▶ delirium risk factors Answer: advanced age, dementia, sleep deprivation,
immobilization, brain damage
▶ delirium - assessment priorities Answer: find underlying cause first!!!
Ensure safety
Frequent monitoring and reorientation
GUIDE 2026 COMPLETE SOLVED QUESTIONS
▶ hyperactivity/impulsivity presentation sx Answer: fidgets/squirms, runs or
climbs in inappropriate places, trouble w quiet activities, has trouble waiting
for their turn
▶ ADHD Neurocircuitry: dysregulation of ????*** Answer: Dysregulation of
Dopamine and Norepinephrine in the prefrontal cortex
▶ ADHD is the most common ___ Answer: childhood behavioral health
disorder
▶ ADHD: more ___ than ___ diagnosed Answer: boys than girls
▶ ADHD: what is key Answer: input from family and teachers
▶ ADHD meds: side effects for children Answer: Watch their weight !!!!
Lack of appetite, sleep
▶ ADHD medications Answer: Atomoxetine (non-stimulant)
Lisdexamfetamine (stimulant)
Adderall (mixed amphetamine)
Methylphenidate (long acting)
Methylphenidate (short acting)
Buproprion
▶ ADHD MOA Answer: most ADHD meds work by:
1. inhibiting dopamine transporter, increasing synaptic dopamine
2. some also block norepinephrine transporters, improving alertness and
attention
results in better focus, impulse control, and executive functioning
▶ ADHD common side effects Answer: headaches
irritability
, decreased appetite/weight loss
insomnia
▶ ADHD - monitor what Answer: EMC, especially if they have a cardiac
history ????
Blood pressure
▶ Cognition Answer: perception, reasoning, memory
▶ Neurocognitive disorders = decline in what Answer: cognition
▶ Cognition & Neurocognitive Disorders - Domains: Answer: attention,
memory, language, social cognition, social engagement, processing
▶ Delirium = Answer: acute, reversible, fluctuating course
AMS
disordered thinking
often due to: UTI, sepsis, meds, metabolic imabalance, hypoxia,
▶ Dementia = Answer: chronic, progressive, losing function over time,
stable course/doesn't fluctuate
clear LOC until late in disease
usually irreversible
▶ ____ is a medical emergency Answer: delirium
▶ hallmark of delirum Answer: inattention
▶ dementia timeframe Answer: months - years
▶ delirium timeframe Answer: hours - days
▶ delirium risk factors Answer: advanced age, dementia, sleep deprivation,
immobilization, brain damage
▶ delirium - assessment priorities Answer: find underlying cause first!!!
Ensure safety
Frequent monitoring and reorientation
