NUTRITION NURSING EXAM – PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) PLUS RATIONALES 2026 Q&A | INSTANT
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CORE DOMAINS
• Macronutrient and Micronutrient Metabolism
• Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT)
• Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Support
• Pediatric and Geriatric Nutritional Needs
• Pharmacological Interactions with Nutrients
• Nutritional Assessment and Anthropometrics
• Fluid and Electrolyte Balance Management
• Ethics and Regulatory Standards in Clinical Nutrition
INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this comprehensive assessment is to evaluate the clinical proficiency
and theoretical knowledge of nursing professionals specializing in nutritional care.
This examination assesses a broad range of skills, including the ability to perform
detailed nutritional screenings, manage complex feeding modalities, and implement
,evidence-based medical nutrition therapy for diverse patient populations. Utilizing a
combination of multiple-choice questions and scenario-based applications, the exam
emphasizes critical thinking and real-world decision-making. Candidates are
expected to demonstrate mastery in identifying nutritional deficiencies, preventing
complications associated with nutrition support, and adhering to legal and ethical
standards within the nursing scope of practice.
SECTION ONE: QUESTIONS 1–100
1. A nurse is caring for a client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who is not yet
on dialysis. Which dietary modification should the nurse prioritize in the teaching
plan?
A. Increase intake of high-biological-value protein
B. Limit phosphorus and potassium intake
C. Encourage high-sodium snacks to maintain blood pressure
D. Maintain a high-fluid intake of at least 3 liters per day
🟢 B. Limit phosphorus and potassium intake
🔴 RATIONALE: In pre-dialysis CKD, the kidneys are unable to effectively excrete
phosphorus and potassium, leading to dangerous systemic accumulations. Limiting
,these minerals helps prevent secondary hyperparathyroidism and cardiac
arrhythmias.
2. A client is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) via a central venous access
device. The nurse notes the solution has run out, and the next bag is not yet
available from the pharmacy. What is the most appropriate nursing action?
A. Flush the line with heparin and wait for the new bag
B. Administer 0.9% sodium chloride at the same rate
C. Administer 10% dextrose in water (D10W) at the same rate
D. Discontinue the infusion and monitor for rebound hypertension
🟢 C. Administer 10% dextrose in water (D10W) at the same rate
🔴 RATIONALE: TPN contains high concentrations of glucose. Sudden
discontinuation can cause profound hypoglycemia. Administering D10W maintains
blood glucose levels until the next TPN bag is available.
3. Which vitamin deficiency is a nurse most likely to observe in a client with a
history of chronic alcohol abuse?
A. Vitamin C
B. Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)
, C. Vitamin E
D. Vitamin K
🟢 B. Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)
🔴 RATIONALE: Alcohol interferes with the absorption and utilization of thiamine.
Deficiency can lead to Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, a serious neurological
condition.
4. A nurse is assessing a client for signs of hypocalcemia. Which clinical finding is
indicative of this electrolyte imbalance?
A. Negative Chvostek's sign
B. Flaccid paralysis
C. Trousseau’s sign
D. Shortened QT interval on ECG
🟢 C. Trousseau’s sign
🔴 RATIONALE: Trousseau's sign, characterized by carpal spasm induced by
inflating a blood pressure cuff, is a classic indicator of neuromuscular irritability due to
low serum calcium levels.
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) PLUS RATIONALES 2026 Q&A | INSTANT
DOWNLOAD PDF.
CORE DOMAINS
• Macronutrient and Micronutrient Metabolism
• Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT)
• Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Support
• Pediatric and Geriatric Nutritional Needs
• Pharmacological Interactions with Nutrients
• Nutritional Assessment and Anthropometrics
• Fluid and Electrolyte Balance Management
• Ethics and Regulatory Standards in Clinical Nutrition
INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this comprehensive assessment is to evaluate the clinical proficiency
and theoretical knowledge of nursing professionals specializing in nutritional care.
This examination assesses a broad range of skills, including the ability to perform
detailed nutritional screenings, manage complex feeding modalities, and implement
,evidence-based medical nutrition therapy for diverse patient populations. Utilizing a
combination of multiple-choice questions and scenario-based applications, the exam
emphasizes critical thinking and real-world decision-making. Candidates are
expected to demonstrate mastery in identifying nutritional deficiencies, preventing
complications associated with nutrition support, and adhering to legal and ethical
standards within the nursing scope of practice.
SECTION ONE: QUESTIONS 1–100
1. A nurse is caring for a client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who is not yet
on dialysis. Which dietary modification should the nurse prioritize in the teaching
plan?
A. Increase intake of high-biological-value protein
B. Limit phosphorus and potassium intake
C. Encourage high-sodium snacks to maintain blood pressure
D. Maintain a high-fluid intake of at least 3 liters per day
🟢 B. Limit phosphorus and potassium intake
🔴 RATIONALE: In pre-dialysis CKD, the kidneys are unable to effectively excrete
phosphorus and potassium, leading to dangerous systemic accumulations. Limiting
,these minerals helps prevent secondary hyperparathyroidism and cardiac
arrhythmias.
2. A client is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) via a central venous access
device. The nurse notes the solution has run out, and the next bag is not yet
available from the pharmacy. What is the most appropriate nursing action?
A. Flush the line with heparin and wait for the new bag
B. Administer 0.9% sodium chloride at the same rate
C. Administer 10% dextrose in water (D10W) at the same rate
D. Discontinue the infusion and monitor for rebound hypertension
🟢 C. Administer 10% dextrose in water (D10W) at the same rate
🔴 RATIONALE: TPN contains high concentrations of glucose. Sudden
discontinuation can cause profound hypoglycemia. Administering D10W maintains
blood glucose levels until the next TPN bag is available.
3. Which vitamin deficiency is a nurse most likely to observe in a client with a
history of chronic alcohol abuse?
A. Vitamin C
B. Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)
, C. Vitamin E
D. Vitamin K
🟢 B. Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)
🔴 RATIONALE: Alcohol interferes with the absorption and utilization of thiamine.
Deficiency can lead to Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, a serious neurological
condition.
4. A nurse is assessing a client for signs of hypocalcemia. Which clinical finding is
indicative of this electrolyte imbalance?
A. Negative Chvostek's sign
B. Flaccid paralysis
C. Trousseau’s sign
D. Shortened QT interval on ECG
🟢 C. Trousseau’s sign
🔴 RATIONALE: Trousseau's sign, characterized by carpal spasm induced by
inflating a blood pressure cuff, is a classic indicator of neuromuscular irritability due to
low serum calcium levels.
