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Advanced Patho Week 6 Questions with 100% Correct
Answers UPDATED!!!
normal renal blood flow - ANSWER • The kidneys are vascular
organs and receive 1000 to 1200 ml of blood per minute and
20% to 25% of cardiac output.
• The GFR is related to renal blood flow, and autoregulation is
found in renal blood flow.
What are the common types of urinary calculus (kidney
stones)? - ANSWER • Calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate
stones account for 70% to 80% of stones.
• Struvite stones account for approximately 15% of urinary
calculus and are made up of magnesium, ammonium, and
phosphate.
• Uric acid stones account for approximately 7% of stones.
• Less common stone elements include cystine, 2,8-
dihydroxyadeninuria, triamterene, indinavir, and ammonium
acid urate.
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Differentiate between the various types of urinary tract
infections - ANSWER • Pyelonephritis is an infection of the
kidney and renal pelvis usually caused by bacteria
• A urinary tract infection is inflammation of the urinary
epithelium, followed by invasion and colonization by some
pathogen.
• Asymptomatic bacteriuria is bacteria in the urine that does
not provoke infection.
Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) - ANSWER • also known as
anaphylactoid purpura
• exhibits hematuria, mild proteinuria, abdominal pain, and skin
lesions.
Autoregulation - ANSWER • locally mediated mechanism that
tends to keep the rate of renal blood flow and GFR fairly
constant when arterial pressures range from 80 to 180 mmHg.
• Prevents wide fluctuations of arterial pressure from being
transmitted to the glomerular capillaries.
• accomplished through a local myogenic mechanism, which
senses changes in arteriolar muscle stretch, and
Advanced Patho Week 6 Questions with 100% Correct
Answers UPDATED!!!
normal renal blood flow - ANSWER • The kidneys are vascular
organs and receive 1000 to 1200 ml of blood per minute and
20% to 25% of cardiac output.
• The GFR is related to renal blood flow, and autoregulation is
found in renal blood flow.
What are the common types of urinary calculus (kidney
stones)? - ANSWER • Calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate
stones account for 70% to 80% of stones.
• Struvite stones account for approximately 15% of urinary
calculus and are made up of magnesium, ammonium, and
phosphate.
• Uric acid stones account for approximately 7% of stones.
• Less common stone elements include cystine, 2,8-
dihydroxyadeninuria, triamterene, indinavir, and ammonium
acid urate.
, Page |2
Differentiate between the various types of urinary tract
infections - ANSWER • Pyelonephritis is an infection of the
kidney and renal pelvis usually caused by bacteria
• A urinary tract infection is inflammation of the urinary
epithelium, followed by invasion and colonization by some
pathogen.
• Asymptomatic bacteriuria is bacteria in the urine that does
not provoke infection.
Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) - ANSWER • also known as
anaphylactoid purpura
• exhibits hematuria, mild proteinuria, abdominal pain, and skin
lesions.
Autoregulation - ANSWER • locally mediated mechanism that
tends to keep the rate of renal blood flow and GFR fairly
constant when arterial pressures range from 80 to 180 mmHg.
• Prevents wide fluctuations of arterial pressure from being
transmitted to the glomerular capillaries.
• accomplished through a local myogenic mechanism, which
senses changes in arteriolar muscle stretch, and
