ESS 101 B BOARD EVALUATION 2026
GUARANTEED PASS ANSWERS GRADED A+
● Why did the rill depth increase on the limestone boulders measured on
three different alpine glacial moraines studied along the valley floor?
a. the lower moraine received more precipitation.
b. the lower moraine was comprised of weaker limestone rock that was
pre-weathered prior to deposition.
c. the lower moraine was older and subjected to longer weathering.
d. all of the above.
e. none of the above answers are correct as the rill depth remained
constant. Answer: c. the lower moraine was older and subjected to
longer weathering.
● Limestone will tend to precipitate in sea water when ________.
a. carbon dioxide content decreases
b. carbon dioxide content increases
c. it is agitated by wave actions.
d. answers b and c are correct
e. answers a and c are correct Answer: e. answers a and c are correct
● Frost wedging occurs in rock because:
a. water contracts when it freezes to form ice.
,b. water expands when it melts
c. water expands when it freezes to form ice.
d. water will expand when it evaporates.
e. none of the above are correct. Answer: c. water expands when it
freezes to form ice.
● Besides frost wedging which of the following are examples of
mechanical weathering?
a. oxidation of iron
b. hydrolysis reaction converting potassium feldspar to kaolinite clay
c. dissolution of calcite
d. all of the above answers are correct
e. none of the above answers are correct Answer: e. none of the above
answers are correct
● H+ ions utilized in hydrolysis weathering reactions come from
_________.
a. primordial waster emitted directly from volcanic eruptions.
b. hydrogen sulfide gas
c. carbonic acid
d. hydrogen gas from the atmosphere
e. hydrogen peroxide Answer: c. carbonic acid
,● Which of the following transport agents generally results in cross
beds?
a. wind
b. turbidity currents
c. rivers
d. glaciers
e. answers a and c are both correct Answer: e. answers a and c are both
correct
● Over time angular joints blocks will _________ due to surface
weathering.
a. become larger
b. retain their geometric form
c. become round
d. evolve into faults
e. become more angular Answer: c. become round
● Chert generally precipitates in deep ocean water because ______.
a. calcium carbonate precipitates in cold water.
b. silica is less soluble (dissolvable) in cold water.
c. silica is more soluble in cold water.
d. silica bearing organisms live in deep water.
, e. none of the above answers are correct. Answer: b. silica is less soluble
(dissolvable) in cold water.
● Monocline folds result from ______.
a. bi-directional stresses.
b. uni-directional stresses.
c. extensional stresses.
d. erosion of plunging (tilted) anticlines and synclines.
e. erosion of tilted strats. Answer: b. uni-directional stresses.
● Oolites form from _________.
a. precipitation of silica around sand grains oscillated by waves.
b. precipitation of calcite around sand grains oscillated by waves.
c. iron oxide mottles in the B horizon of a soil.
d. burrowing tubes from marine forams.
e. none of the above Answer: b. precipitation of calcite around sand
grains oscillated by waves.
● A sedimentary rock unit with graded beds that fine towards the base
would indicate _________.
a. the the rock unit has not beed deformed (remains right side up)
b. that the rock unit was tilted vertically
c. that the rock unit was overturned (upside down)
GUARANTEED PASS ANSWERS GRADED A+
● Why did the rill depth increase on the limestone boulders measured on
three different alpine glacial moraines studied along the valley floor?
a. the lower moraine received more precipitation.
b. the lower moraine was comprised of weaker limestone rock that was
pre-weathered prior to deposition.
c. the lower moraine was older and subjected to longer weathering.
d. all of the above.
e. none of the above answers are correct as the rill depth remained
constant. Answer: c. the lower moraine was older and subjected to
longer weathering.
● Limestone will tend to precipitate in sea water when ________.
a. carbon dioxide content decreases
b. carbon dioxide content increases
c. it is agitated by wave actions.
d. answers b and c are correct
e. answers a and c are correct Answer: e. answers a and c are correct
● Frost wedging occurs in rock because:
a. water contracts when it freezes to form ice.
,b. water expands when it melts
c. water expands when it freezes to form ice.
d. water will expand when it evaporates.
e. none of the above are correct. Answer: c. water expands when it
freezes to form ice.
● Besides frost wedging which of the following are examples of
mechanical weathering?
a. oxidation of iron
b. hydrolysis reaction converting potassium feldspar to kaolinite clay
c. dissolution of calcite
d. all of the above answers are correct
e. none of the above answers are correct Answer: e. none of the above
answers are correct
● H+ ions utilized in hydrolysis weathering reactions come from
_________.
a. primordial waster emitted directly from volcanic eruptions.
b. hydrogen sulfide gas
c. carbonic acid
d. hydrogen gas from the atmosphere
e. hydrogen peroxide Answer: c. carbonic acid
,● Which of the following transport agents generally results in cross
beds?
a. wind
b. turbidity currents
c. rivers
d. glaciers
e. answers a and c are both correct Answer: e. answers a and c are both
correct
● Over time angular joints blocks will _________ due to surface
weathering.
a. become larger
b. retain their geometric form
c. become round
d. evolve into faults
e. become more angular Answer: c. become round
● Chert generally precipitates in deep ocean water because ______.
a. calcium carbonate precipitates in cold water.
b. silica is less soluble (dissolvable) in cold water.
c. silica is more soluble in cold water.
d. silica bearing organisms live in deep water.
, e. none of the above answers are correct. Answer: b. silica is less soluble
(dissolvable) in cold water.
● Monocline folds result from ______.
a. bi-directional stresses.
b. uni-directional stresses.
c. extensional stresses.
d. erosion of plunging (tilted) anticlines and synclines.
e. erosion of tilted strats. Answer: b. uni-directional stresses.
● Oolites form from _________.
a. precipitation of silica around sand grains oscillated by waves.
b. precipitation of calcite around sand grains oscillated by waves.
c. iron oxide mottles in the B horizon of a soil.
d. burrowing tubes from marine forams.
e. none of the above Answer: b. precipitation of calcite around sand
grains oscillated by waves.
● A sedimentary rock unit with graded beds that fine towards the base
would indicate _________.
a. the the rock unit has not beed deformed (remains right side up)
b. that the rock unit was tilted vertically
c. that the rock unit was overturned (upside down)
