1
NSG 312 Exam (2024/2025)
NSG 312 Exam (2024/2025) Verified
Questions and Verified Rationalized
Answers, 100% A+ Graded
You are caring for a patient with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
who presents with an acute exacerbation. In order to determine the most appropriate
treatment, you decide to consult current clinical practice guidelines. Which step of the EBP
process does this action represent?
a.) Applying the evidence to clinical practice.
b.) Conducting a systematic literature search.
c.) Formulating a clinical question.
d.) Appraising the evidence.
, 2
NSG 312 Exam (2024/2025)
b.) Conducting a systematic literature search.
rationale:
Consulting current clinical practice guidelines to determine the most appropriate treatment
for a patient represents the step of conducting a systematic literature search in the Evidence-
Based Practice (EBP) process. This step involves identifying and accessing relevant research
and guidelines to inform clinical decision-making.
Which of the following is an example of secondary prevention in a 50-year-old woman?
a.) daily application of sunscreen
b.) use of seat belt
c.) low animal-fat diet
d.) yearly mammogram
d.) yearly mammogram
Which of the following is an example of a primary prevention strategy for reducing the risk of
respiratory infections?
a.) administering influenza vaccine
b.) performing chest physiotherapy
c.) administering antibiotics
d.) prescribing corticosteroids
a.) administering influenza vaccine
Rationale:
, 3
NSG 312 Exam (2024/2025)
Primary prevention aims to prevent the development of a disease or condition. Influenza
vaccination is a primary prevention strategy for respiratory infections.
Cervical cancer screenings are an example of which type of prevention?
a.) primary
b.) secondary
c.) not preventative
d.) tertiary
b.) secondary
A patient with a history of rheumatoid arthritis presents with acute-onset, painless, unilateral
vision loss. On examination, there is diffuse retinal whitening and a cherry-red spot at the
macula. Which condition is most likely responsible for this presentation?
a.) central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO)
b.) central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO)
c.) retinal detachment
d.) macular degeneration
c.) central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO)
Which of the following produces a slow and painless visual field loss that usually begins
peripherally?
a.) posterior cataracts
b.) open-angle glaucoma
c.) macular degeneration
d.) immature cataracts
b.) open-angle glaucoma
, 4
NSG 312 Exam (2024/2025)
Rationale: Open-angle glaucoma produces a slow and painless visual field loss that usually
begins peripherally.
A patient presents with tearing in her right eye that is worse in the morning along with itching
this morning. What is the most likely cause in the provider's differential diagnosis?
a.) diabetic retinopathy
b.) blepharitis
c.) cataract
d.) dry eye
b.) blepharitis
Rationale: The presentation of itching that is worse in the morning suggests blepharitis, an
inflammation of the eyelid.
A patient with a history of type 2 diabetes presents with progressive vision loss. On
examination, there are retinal hemorrhages, microaneurysms, and macular edema. Which
condition is most likely responsible for these findings?
a.) diabetic retinopathy
b.) retinal detachment
c.) macular degeneration
d.) central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO)
a.) diabetic retinopathy
Rationale: The described findings are characteristic of diabetic retinopathy.
Which diagnostic test is most appropriate to confirm the diagnosis of glaucoma?
a.) slit-lamp examination
b.) visual acuity testing
c.) fundoscopy
d.) tonometry
d.) tonometry
Rationale: Tonometry measures intraocular pressure, which is elevated in glaucoma. It is a key
test for diagnosing glaucoma.
Which medication is a first-line treatment for open-angle glaucoma?
a.) atropine sulfate
NSG 312 Exam (2024/2025)
NSG 312 Exam (2024/2025) Verified
Questions and Verified Rationalized
Answers, 100% A+ Graded
You are caring for a patient with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
who presents with an acute exacerbation. In order to determine the most appropriate
treatment, you decide to consult current clinical practice guidelines. Which step of the EBP
process does this action represent?
a.) Applying the evidence to clinical practice.
b.) Conducting a systematic literature search.
c.) Formulating a clinical question.
d.) Appraising the evidence.
, 2
NSG 312 Exam (2024/2025)
b.) Conducting a systematic literature search.
rationale:
Consulting current clinical practice guidelines to determine the most appropriate treatment
for a patient represents the step of conducting a systematic literature search in the Evidence-
Based Practice (EBP) process. This step involves identifying and accessing relevant research
and guidelines to inform clinical decision-making.
Which of the following is an example of secondary prevention in a 50-year-old woman?
a.) daily application of sunscreen
b.) use of seat belt
c.) low animal-fat diet
d.) yearly mammogram
d.) yearly mammogram
Which of the following is an example of a primary prevention strategy for reducing the risk of
respiratory infections?
a.) administering influenza vaccine
b.) performing chest physiotherapy
c.) administering antibiotics
d.) prescribing corticosteroids
a.) administering influenza vaccine
Rationale:
, 3
NSG 312 Exam (2024/2025)
Primary prevention aims to prevent the development of a disease or condition. Influenza
vaccination is a primary prevention strategy for respiratory infections.
Cervical cancer screenings are an example of which type of prevention?
a.) primary
b.) secondary
c.) not preventative
d.) tertiary
b.) secondary
A patient with a history of rheumatoid arthritis presents with acute-onset, painless, unilateral
vision loss. On examination, there is diffuse retinal whitening and a cherry-red spot at the
macula. Which condition is most likely responsible for this presentation?
a.) central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO)
b.) central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO)
c.) retinal detachment
d.) macular degeneration
c.) central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO)
Which of the following produces a slow and painless visual field loss that usually begins
peripherally?
a.) posterior cataracts
b.) open-angle glaucoma
c.) macular degeneration
d.) immature cataracts
b.) open-angle glaucoma
, 4
NSG 312 Exam (2024/2025)
Rationale: Open-angle glaucoma produces a slow and painless visual field loss that usually
begins peripherally.
A patient presents with tearing in her right eye that is worse in the morning along with itching
this morning. What is the most likely cause in the provider's differential diagnosis?
a.) diabetic retinopathy
b.) blepharitis
c.) cataract
d.) dry eye
b.) blepharitis
Rationale: The presentation of itching that is worse in the morning suggests blepharitis, an
inflammation of the eyelid.
A patient with a history of type 2 diabetes presents with progressive vision loss. On
examination, there are retinal hemorrhages, microaneurysms, and macular edema. Which
condition is most likely responsible for these findings?
a.) diabetic retinopathy
b.) retinal detachment
c.) macular degeneration
d.) central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO)
a.) diabetic retinopathy
Rationale: The described findings are characteristic of diabetic retinopathy.
Which diagnostic test is most appropriate to confirm the diagnosis of glaucoma?
a.) slit-lamp examination
b.) visual acuity testing
c.) fundoscopy
d.) tonometry
d.) tonometry
Rationale: Tonometry measures intraocular pressure, which is elevated in glaucoma. It is a key
test for diagnosing glaucoma.
Which medication is a first-line treatment for open-angle glaucoma?
a.) atropine sulfate
