NURS 6501 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY WALDEN UNIVERSITY MIDTERM AND PRACTICE EXAM TEST BANK EXAM WITH CORRECT ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECTLY WELL DEFINED ANSWERS LATEST ALREADY GRADED A+

NURS 6501 ADVANCED
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY WALDEN UNIVERSITY
MIDTERM AND PRACTICE EXAM TEST
BANK EXAM WITH CORRECT ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECTLY WELL
DEFINED ANSWERS LATEST ALREADY
GRADED A+



NURS 6501 Advanced Pathophysiology – Midterm Exam


1. Cellular Injury
Q1. Which cellular adaptation occurs in response to
increased workload?


A. Atrophy
B. Hypertrophy
C. Metaplasia
D. Dysplasia

,Answer: B


Increased cell size due to workload
Common in cardiac and skeletal muscle
Q2. Hypoxia primarily leads to:


A. Increased ATP production
B. Cellular swelling
C. DNA repair
D. Increased mitosis


Answer: B


ATP depletion causes sodium-potassium pump failure
Water enters cell → swelling
Q3. Irreversible cell injury is characterized by:


A. Ribosome detachment
B. Mitochondrial damage
C. Fat accumulation
D. Glycogen increase

,Answer: B


Mitochondrial dysfunction is irreversible
Leads to necrosis
Q4. Apoptosis is best described as:


A. Random cell death
B. Controlled programmed cell death
C. Infection-induced death
D. Acute inflammation


Answer: B


Energy-dependent process
No inflammation
Q5. Free radicals damage cells by:


A. Increasing oxygen delivery
B. Lipid peroxidation
C. DNA stabilization

, D. Protein synthesis


Answer: B


Damages cell membranes
Leads to oxidative stress
2. Inflammation & Immunity
Q6. Histamine primarily causes:


A. Vasoconstriction
B. Increased vascular permeability
C. RBC production
D. Platelet aggregation


Answer: B


Released from mast cells
Causes edema
Q7. The first leukocytes at infection site are:


A. Lymphocytes