SOPHIA INTRO TO SOCIOLOGY UNIT 1
MILESTONE 1 TRAINING STUDY SHEET 2026
UPDATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉operational definitions. Answer: specific explanations of abstract
concepts that a researcher plans to study
◉interpretive framework. Answer: a sociological research approach
that seeks in - depth understanding of a topic or subject through
observation or interaction ; this approach is not based on hypothesis
testing
◉primary data. Answer: data that are collected directly from
firsthand experience
◉secondary data analysis. Answer: using data collected by others
and applying new interpretations
◉population. Answer: a defined group serving as the subject of a
study
, ◉samples. Answer: small , manageable number of subjects that
represent the population
◉random sample. Answer: a study's participants being randomly
selected to serve as a representation of a larger population
◉qualitative data. Answer: non - numerical , descriptive data that is
often subjective and based on what is experienced in a natural
setting
◉quantitative data. Answer: data collected in numerical form that
can be counted and analyzed using statistics
◉interview. Answer: a one - on - one conversation between the
researcher and the subject
◉field research. Answer: gathering data from a natural environment
without doing a lab experiment or a survey
◉correlation. Answer: when a change in one variable coincides with
a change in another variable , but does not necessarily indicate
causation
MILESTONE 1 TRAINING STUDY SHEET 2026
UPDATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉operational definitions. Answer: specific explanations of abstract
concepts that a researcher plans to study
◉interpretive framework. Answer: a sociological research approach
that seeks in - depth understanding of a topic or subject through
observation or interaction ; this approach is not based on hypothesis
testing
◉primary data. Answer: data that are collected directly from
firsthand experience
◉secondary data analysis. Answer: using data collected by others
and applying new interpretations
◉population. Answer: a defined group serving as the subject of a
study
, ◉samples. Answer: small , manageable number of subjects that
represent the population
◉random sample. Answer: a study's participants being randomly
selected to serve as a representation of a larger population
◉qualitative data. Answer: non - numerical , descriptive data that is
often subjective and based on what is experienced in a natural
setting
◉quantitative data. Answer: data collected in numerical form that
can be counted and analyzed using statistics
◉interview. Answer: a one - on - one conversation between the
researcher and the subject
◉field research. Answer: gathering data from a natural environment
without doing a lab experiment or a survey
◉correlation. Answer: when a change in one variable coincides with
a change in another variable , but does not necessarily indicate
causation
