A Review of 642 Real Past Papers Exams
Questions and Correct Accurate Detailed
Solutions With Rationales| Guaranteed
100% Pass
A patient has recently been diagnosed with migraine headache with aura. She
wants advice on what she should eliminate from her diet to reduce her risk of
headaches. The best response is to advise this patient to avoid:
A) Foods with aspartame (Equal) because they can trigger migraines
B) Foods with monosodium glutamate because they promote diuresis
C) Foods with garlic because they promote hypertension
D) Foods with nitrates because they do not induce flushing - ANSWER✔️-A)
Foods with aspartame (Equal) because they can trigger migraines
Dietary triggers for migraine headaches include foods that contain aspartame,
tyramine, nitrites, MSG, and/or red wine. These foods are thought to cause a
change in the blood vessels and increased blood flow to the brain.
A patient with a history of mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is requesting prophylaxis
before her dental surgery. Which of the following would you prescribe this patient?
A) Amoxicillin a half hour before and 2 hours after the procedure
B) Amoxicillin 1 hour before the procedure
C) Amoxicillin 1 hour before and 3 hours after the procedure
D) Prophylaxis is not recommended for this patient - ANSWER✔️-D) Prophylaxis
is not recommended for this patient
The American Heart Association does not recommend routine antibiotic
prophylaxis prior to dental procedures except for patients who are at high risk for
bacterial endocarditis (a prosthetic cardiac valve, previous history of bacterial
endocarditis, congenital heart defects, etc.).
Koplik's spots are associated with:
A) Poxvirus infections
B) Measles
C) Kawasaki's disease
,D) Reye's syndrome - ANSWER✔️-B) Measles
Signs and symptoms of the measles include fever over 101°F, coryza, cough,
conjunctivitis, rash, and Koplik's spots on buccal mucosa.
Stella, a new mother, complains to you that she has been feeling irritable and jittery
almost daily for the past few months. She complains of frequent palpitations and
more frequent bowel movements along with weight loss. Her BP is 160/70, her
pulse is 110, and she is afebrile. All of the following conditions should be
considered in the differential diagnosis for this patient except:
A) Mitral regurgitation
B) Graves' disease
C) Generalized anxiety disorder
D) Illicit drug use - ANSWER✔️-A) Mitral regurgitation
Signs and symptoms of mitral regurgitation do not include frequent bowel
movements with weight loss.
An elderly patient with a productive cough and fever is diagnosed with pneumonia.
All of the following organisms are capable of causing community-acquired
pneumonia except:
A) Haemophilus influenzae
B) Mycoplasma pneumoniae
C) Treponema pallidum
D) Streptococcus pneumoniae - ANSWER✔️-C) Treponema pallidum
Treponema pallidum is a gram-negative spirochete bacterium that causes syphilis
Stella works in the housekeeping department of a hospital. She presents to the
employee health clinic with a complaint of a needlestick to her left thumb. The
needle was in one of the garbage bags from the emergency room. The patient had a
little bleeding that stopped spontaneously. Which of the following is the next step?
A) Order an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test as soon as possible
B) Recommend a tetanus booster in 1 week
C) Offer the patient hepatitis B immunoglobulin
D) Order a chest x-ray - ANSWER✔️-A) Order an enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay (ELISA) test as soon as possible
Employee health clinic protocols for needlesticks recommend ordering an ELISA
test as soon as possible to establish baseline blood work for the employee.
,A 72-year-old woman has been on hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg for many years to
control her Stage II hypertension. Her blood pressure (BP) at this visit is 168/96.
She is currently complaining of pain on her right hip and on both knees. She has
increased her dose of ibuprofen (Motrin) from 400 mg 3 times day (TID) to 800
mg TID. She is still in pain and would like something stronger. Which of the
following statements is the best explanation of the effects of ibuprofen (Motrin) on
her disease?
A) It increases the chances of adverse effects to her health
B) It inhibits the effect of renal prostaglandins and blunts the effectiveness of the
diuretic
C) It prolongs the therapeutic effects of hydrochlorothiazide and other diuretics
D) None of the statements are true - ANSWER✔️-B) It inhibits the effect of renal
prostaglandins and blunts the effectiveness of the diuretic.
NSAIDs and ASA inhibit the vasodilatory effects of prostaglandins, which
predisposes the kidney to ischemia. NSAIDs and diuretics can cause acute prerenal
failure by decreasing renal blood flow.
All of the following are infections that affect mostly the labia and vagina except:
A) Bacterial vaginosis
B) Candidiasis
C) Trichomoniasis
D) Chlamydia trachomatis - ANSWER✔️-D) Chlamydia trachomatis
Infections that commonly affect the labia and vagina include bacterial vaginosis,
candidiasis, and trichomoniasis. Chlamydia trachomatis commonly affects the
cervix, endometrial lining , fallopian tubes, and pelvic cavity.
The nurse practitioner would test the obturator and iliopsoas muscle to evaluate
for:
A) Cholecystitis
B) Acute appendicitis
C) Inguinal hernia
D) Gastric ulcer - ANSWER✔️-B) Acute appendicitis.
Signs and symptoms of an acute abdomen include involuntary guarding, rebound
tenderness, boardlike abdomen, and a positive obturator and psoas sign. A positive
obturator sign occurs when pain is elicited by internal rotation of the right hip from
90 degrees hip/knee flexion. The psoas sign is positive when pain occurs with
passive extension of the thigh while the patient is lying on his/her side with knees
extended, or when pain occurs with active flexion of his/her thigh at the hip.
, Treatment for mild preeclampsia includes all of the following except:
A) Bed rest except for bathroom privileges
B) Close monitoring of weight and blood pressure
C) Close follow-up of urinary protein, serum creatinine, and platelet count
D) A prescription of methyldopa (Aldo met) to control blood pressure -
ANSWER✔️-D) A prescription of methyldopa (Aldo met) to control blood
pressure
Recommended care for women diagnosed with preeclampsia includes bed rest with
bath- room privileges, weight and BP monitoring, and closely following urine
protein and serum protein, creatinine, and platelet counts. Oral medications are not
used as first-line treatment.
All of the following services are covered under Medicare Part A except:
A) Inpatient hospitalizations
B) Medicines administered to a patient while hospitalized
C) Nursing home care
D) Surgeons - ANSWER✔️-C) Nursing home care
Medicare A coverage includes inpatient hospitalization and skilled care given in a
certified skilled nursing facility. Most nursing home care is custodial care (help
with bathing, dressing, using a bathroom, and eating). This care is not covered by
Medicare A.
A 28-year-old student is seen in the school health clinic with complaints of a
hacking cough that is productive of small amounts of sputum and a runny nose. He
does not take any medications, denies any allergies, and has no significant medical
history. Physical examination reveals a low-grade temperature of 99.9 degrees
Fahrenheit, respirations of 16/min, a pulse of 90 beats per minute, and diffuse fine
crackles in the base of the lungs. A chest radiograph (x-ray) shows diffuse
infiltrates on the lower lobe of the right lung. The total white blood cell count is
10,500/uL. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Streptococcal pneumonia
B) Mycoplasma pneumonia
C) Acute bronchitis
D) Legionnaires disease - ANSWER✔️-B) Mycoplasma pneumonia
Mycoplasma pneumonia is the organism most commonly seen in children and
young adults. It is easily spread from droplets, from sneezing and coughing, in
close proximity. Diagnosis is based on symptoms and x-ray results of infiltrates in
lower lobes.