FTCE READING K 12 CERTIFICATION 230
QUESTIONS WITH 100 PERCENT CORRECT
ANSWERS COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE
2026 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥Noam Chomsky. Answer: theorist of language development; disagreed
with Skinner about language acquisition. LAD (1960s Language
Acquisition Device)
⩥Louise Rosenblatt. Answer: creator of Transactional Theory of reading
(30s-40s), where meaning comes from the readers transaction of the text
⩥Louise Rosenblatt. Answer: known theorist of reader-response/close
reading
⩥Lev Vygotsky. Answer: child development; investigated how culture &
interpersonal communication guide development; zone of proximal
development; play research
⩥Lev Vygotsky. Answer: theorist of Social Development Theory: Social
Interaction is necessary for development and learning. ZPD - Zone
Proximal Development: distance between the student's ability to work
with guidance & the ability to work independently. Teacher is
,collaborator rather than transmitter of knowledge. Social constructivist
(theory): Knowledge adds on to other knowledge(scaffolding). Believer
in the philosophy that collaboration among students is essential for
learning.
⩥Paulo Ferire. Answer: theorist of the Pedagogy of the Oppressed,
people already have true knowledge and expertise and do not need to be
taught by an expert
⩥Jerome Bruner. Answer: Believes children encounter a series of
developmental stages as they mature. Construct new ideas based on past
or current knowledge. Discovery learning, scaffolding, constructivism.
⩥Jean Piaget. Answer: Four stage theory of cognitive development: 1.
sensorimotor, 2. pre-operational (age 2-7 concept of sequence), 3.
concrete operational (logical and abstract thought age 7-12) and 4.
formal operational. He said that the two basic processes work in tandem
to achieve cognitive growth-assimilation and accommodation.
⩥emergent literacy. Answer: children's active efforts to construct literacy
knowledge through informal experiences. Interacting with books, telling
stories, writing.
⩥incremental rehearsal (IR). Answer: A technique that uses flash cards
to teach unknown words (sight words).
, ⩥Language Experience Approach (LEA). Answer: Method for
connecting oral language to written language. Speech written down. An
integration of reading and writing approaches using students' personal
experiences and oral language (words).
⩥Linguistic approach. Answer: A reading approach based on highly
regular spelling patterns. Such as: Nat the cat sat on the mat. Focuses on
phonics and grammar rule.
⩥BICS (Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills). Answer: Equated
with "social language". Learning second language skills through face to
face interaction. Translation through speaking, listening and viewing.
⩥Crisscrossers. Answer: (ELL term) Second language learners who have
a positive attitude towards both first and second language learning.
⩥Authentic Assessment. Answer: a testing procedure that focuses on the
process used in solving complex, real-life problems
⩥Balanced Literacy Approach. Answer: Phonemic Awareness; phonics,
word study, vocab development, read aloud, shared reading, guided
reading, teach reading strategies, literacy centers, independent reading,
shared/interactive/mediated writing; emphasize word identification in
proportion to individual words; acknowledge L1, immerse and real
world experiences with various purposes; enrich environment with print;
accept and celebrate progress (w/errors); encourage at home
QUESTIONS WITH 100 PERCENT CORRECT
ANSWERS COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE
2026 QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥Noam Chomsky. Answer: theorist of language development; disagreed
with Skinner about language acquisition. LAD (1960s Language
Acquisition Device)
⩥Louise Rosenblatt. Answer: creator of Transactional Theory of reading
(30s-40s), where meaning comes from the readers transaction of the text
⩥Louise Rosenblatt. Answer: known theorist of reader-response/close
reading
⩥Lev Vygotsky. Answer: child development; investigated how culture &
interpersonal communication guide development; zone of proximal
development; play research
⩥Lev Vygotsky. Answer: theorist of Social Development Theory: Social
Interaction is necessary for development and learning. ZPD - Zone
Proximal Development: distance between the student's ability to work
with guidance & the ability to work independently. Teacher is
,collaborator rather than transmitter of knowledge. Social constructivist
(theory): Knowledge adds on to other knowledge(scaffolding). Believer
in the philosophy that collaboration among students is essential for
learning.
⩥Paulo Ferire. Answer: theorist of the Pedagogy of the Oppressed,
people already have true knowledge and expertise and do not need to be
taught by an expert
⩥Jerome Bruner. Answer: Believes children encounter a series of
developmental stages as they mature. Construct new ideas based on past
or current knowledge. Discovery learning, scaffolding, constructivism.
⩥Jean Piaget. Answer: Four stage theory of cognitive development: 1.
sensorimotor, 2. pre-operational (age 2-7 concept of sequence), 3.
concrete operational (logical and abstract thought age 7-12) and 4.
formal operational. He said that the two basic processes work in tandem
to achieve cognitive growth-assimilation and accommodation.
⩥emergent literacy. Answer: children's active efforts to construct literacy
knowledge through informal experiences. Interacting with books, telling
stories, writing.
⩥incremental rehearsal (IR). Answer: A technique that uses flash cards
to teach unknown words (sight words).
, ⩥Language Experience Approach (LEA). Answer: Method for
connecting oral language to written language. Speech written down. An
integration of reading and writing approaches using students' personal
experiences and oral language (words).
⩥Linguistic approach. Answer: A reading approach based on highly
regular spelling patterns. Such as: Nat the cat sat on the mat. Focuses on
phonics and grammar rule.
⩥BICS (Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills). Answer: Equated
with "social language". Learning second language skills through face to
face interaction. Translation through speaking, listening and viewing.
⩥Crisscrossers. Answer: (ELL term) Second language learners who have
a positive attitude towards both first and second language learning.
⩥Authentic Assessment. Answer: a testing procedure that focuses on the
process used in solving complex, real-life problems
⩥Balanced Literacy Approach. Answer: Phonemic Awareness; phonics,
word study, vocab development, read aloud, shared reading, guided
reading, teach reading strategies, literacy centers, independent reading,
shared/interactive/mediated writing; emphasize word identification in
proportion to individual words; acknowledge L1, immerse and real
world experiences with various purposes; enrich environment with print;
accept and celebrate progress (w/errors); encourage at home
