4/14/26, 9:34 AM WGU: D027: Advanced Pathopharmacological Foundations EXAM (2026) UPDATE Verified Questions And Answers | Latest Alread…
WGU: D027: Advanced Pathopharmacological
Foundations EXAM (2026) UPDATE Verified
Questions And Answers | Latest Already Graded
A+ UPDATE |2026
Save
Terms in this set (440)
What are some physical changes - Brain shrinks dramatically; nerve cell death and
from Alzheimer's dementia? tissue loss
- Cardinal signs: plaques (abnormal clusters of
protein fragments) and tangles (twisted strands of
another protein)
How is Alzheimer's treated? - There is no cure, but there are pharmacological
and non-pharmacological treatments
- Cholinesterase inhibitors
- Memantine (namenda)
What are cholinesterase inhibitors - To treat symptoms related to memory, thinking,
prescribed for? language, judgment, and other processes
- Helps delay or slow the worsening of symptoms
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,4/14/26, 9:34 AM WGU: D027: Advanced Pathopharmacological Foundations EXAM (2026) UPDATE Verified Questions And Answers | Latest Alread…
What does cholinesterase inhibitors - Prevent the breakdown of acetylcholine, a
do? chemical messenger that is important for learning
and memory
- Supports communication among nerve cells by
keeping the acetylcholine high
What are some commonly - Donepezil (aricept)
prescribed cholinesterase inhibitors? - Galantamine (razadyne)
- Rivastigmine (exeleon)
Which cholinesterase inhibitor can - Donepezil (aricept)
be used for all stages of
Alzheimer's?
Which cholinesterase inhibitor can - Galantamine (razadyne)
be used for mild-to-moderate stages - Rivastigmine (exeleon)
of Alzheimer's?
Which cholinesterase inhibitor can - Rivastigmine (exeleon)
be used for mild-to-moderate
Alzheimer's and Parkinson's?
What medication combination is - Memantine (namenda) and donepezil (aricept)
used to treat moderate-to-severe
Alzheimer's?
What is memantine (namenda) used - Prescribed to improve memory, attention, reason,
for? language, and the ability to perform simple tasks
- Can be used alone or with other Alzheimer's
disease treatments
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,4/14/26, 9:34 AM WGU: D027: Advanced Pathopharmacological Foundations EXAM (2026) UPDATE Verified Questions And Answers | Latest Alread…
How does memantine (namenda) - Regulates the activity of glutamate, a chemical
work? involved in information processing, storage, and
retrieval
- Improves mental functioning and ability to
perform daily activities for some people
What is the difference in MOA - Cholinesterase inhibitors prevent the breakdown
between cholinesterase inhibitors of acetylcholine, whereas memantine (namenda)
and memantine (namenda)? regulates the activity of glutamate
What is ataxia? - Also known as cerebellum attacks
- Degenerative disease of the nervous system
- Many symptoms mimic those of being drunk (i.e.
slurred speech, stumbling, falling, and
incoordination)
What causes the symptoms of - The damage caused to the cerebellum, the part
ataxia? of the brain that is responsible for coordinating
movements
- Can also be caused by damage to part of the
spinal cord and nerves
What is the treatment for ataxia? - No treatment
- In some cases, treating the underlying causes (i.e.
stopping medications that cause ataxia)
- In other cases, it is a result from chicken pox or
other viral infections (likely to resolve on its own)
- Genetic causes/predisposed disposition is usually
chronic
What causes ataxia in the pediatric - Genetic predisposition
population? - Fragile X-Associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome
(FXTAS)
- Prader-Willie Syndrome
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, 4/14/26, 9:34 AM WGU: D027: Advanced Pathopharmacological Foundations EXAM (2026) UPDATE Verified Questions And Answers | Latest Alread…
What is Fragile X syndrome (FXS)? - A genetic condition inherited from parents which
results in various developmental problems
- Rare, but may be dangerous or life-threatening
- Present at birth and is a lifelong condition
- Rarely requires lab testing or imaging
- Often linked to autism (1/3 do have autism)
- X-linked disorder
Since Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is an - Often, females are carriers and males are
X-linked disorder, does a specific affected
gender have a greater risk? - However, both males and females can be
carriers, and both can be affected by the condition
- Usually milder in females
How did Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) - The gene Fragile X (the FMR1 gene) is on the X
get its name? syndrome
- Mutation of the FMR1 gene
What is the difference between - Both caused by mutations on the FMR1 gene, but
Fragile X-Associated Tremor/Ataxia they are caused by different changes in this gene
Syndrome (FXTAS) and Fragile X - FXS is caused by a full mutation
Syndrome (FXS)? - FXTAS is a premutation
- FXS is present at birth, but display these features
in early life
- FXTAS develops in adulthood (usually after age
50) and the symptoms may appear slowly and
develop over the years
- FXTAS individuals are usually healthy with normal
cognitive skills prior to the onset
How is Fragile X-Associated - Being a FMR1 premutation carrier
Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome (FXTAS) - The appearance of neurological features such as
diagnosed? ataxia (balance problems), tremors, and other
symptoms
- MRI findings (changes in the brain)
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WGU: D027: Advanced Pathopharmacological
Foundations EXAM (2026) UPDATE Verified
Questions And Answers | Latest Already Graded
A+ UPDATE |2026
Save
Terms in this set (440)
What are some physical changes - Brain shrinks dramatically; nerve cell death and
from Alzheimer's dementia? tissue loss
- Cardinal signs: plaques (abnormal clusters of
protein fragments) and tangles (twisted strands of
another protein)
How is Alzheimer's treated? - There is no cure, but there are pharmacological
and non-pharmacological treatments
- Cholinesterase inhibitors
- Memantine (namenda)
What are cholinesterase inhibitors - To treat symptoms related to memory, thinking,
prescribed for? language, judgment, and other processes
- Helps delay or slow the worsening of symptoms
https://quizlet.com/1167623559/wgu-d027-advanced-pathopharmacological-foundations-exam-2026-update-verified-questions-and-answers-latest-alr… 1/74
,4/14/26, 9:34 AM WGU: D027: Advanced Pathopharmacological Foundations EXAM (2026) UPDATE Verified Questions And Answers | Latest Alread…
What does cholinesterase inhibitors - Prevent the breakdown of acetylcholine, a
do? chemical messenger that is important for learning
and memory
- Supports communication among nerve cells by
keeping the acetylcholine high
What are some commonly - Donepezil (aricept)
prescribed cholinesterase inhibitors? - Galantamine (razadyne)
- Rivastigmine (exeleon)
Which cholinesterase inhibitor can - Donepezil (aricept)
be used for all stages of
Alzheimer's?
Which cholinesterase inhibitor can - Galantamine (razadyne)
be used for mild-to-moderate stages - Rivastigmine (exeleon)
of Alzheimer's?
Which cholinesterase inhibitor can - Rivastigmine (exeleon)
be used for mild-to-moderate
Alzheimer's and Parkinson's?
What medication combination is - Memantine (namenda) and donepezil (aricept)
used to treat moderate-to-severe
Alzheimer's?
What is memantine (namenda) used - Prescribed to improve memory, attention, reason,
for? language, and the ability to perform simple tasks
- Can be used alone or with other Alzheimer's
disease treatments
https://quizlet.com/1167623559/wgu-d027-advanced-pathopharmacological-foundations-exam-2026-update-verified-questions-and-answers-latest-alr… 2/74
,4/14/26, 9:34 AM WGU: D027: Advanced Pathopharmacological Foundations EXAM (2026) UPDATE Verified Questions And Answers | Latest Alread…
How does memantine (namenda) - Regulates the activity of glutamate, a chemical
work? involved in information processing, storage, and
retrieval
- Improves mental functioning and ability to
perform daily activities for some people
What is the difference in MOA - Cholinesterase inhibitors prevent the breakdown
between cholinesterase inhibitors of acetylcholine, whereas memantine (namenda)
and memantine (namenda)? regulates the activity of glutamate
What is ataxia? - Also known as cerebellum attacks
- Degenerative disease of the nervous system
- Many symptoms mimic those of being drunk (i.e.
slurred speech, stumbling, falling, and
incoordination)
What causes the symptoms of - The damage caused to the cerebellum, the part
ataxia? of the brain that is responsible for coordinating
movements
- Can also be caused by damage to part of the
spinal cord and nerves
What is the treatment for ataxia? - No treatment
- In some cases, treating the underlying causes (i.e.
stopping medications that cause ataxia)
- In other cases, it is a result from chicken pox or
other viral infections (likely to resolve on its own)
- Genetic causes/predisposed disposition is usually
chronic
What causes ataxia in the pediatric - Genetic predisposition
population? - Fragile X-Associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome
(FXTAS)
- Prader-Willie Syndrome
https://quizlet.com/1167623559/wgu-d027-advanced-pathopharmacological-foundations-exam-2026-update-verified-questions-and-answers-latest-alr… 3/74
, 4/14/26, 9:34 AM WGU: D027: Advanced Pathopharmacological Foundations EXAM (2026) UPDATE Verified Questions And Answers | Latest Alread…
What is Fragile X syndrome (FXS)? - A genetic condition inherited from parents which
results in various developmental problems
- Rare, but may be dangerous or life-threatening
- Present at birth and is a lifelong condition
- Rarely requires lab testing or imaging
- Often linked to autism (1/3 do have autism)
- X-linked disorder
Since Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is an - Often, females are carriers and males are
X-linked disorder, does a specific affected
gender have a greater risk? - However, both males and females can be
carriers, and both can be affected by the condition
- Usually milder in females
How did Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) - The gene Fragile X (the FMR1 gene) is on the X
get its name? syndrome
- Mutation of the FMR1 gene
What is the difference between - Both caused by mutations on the FMR1 gene, but
Fragile X-Associated Tremor/Ataxia they are caused by different changes in this gene
Syndrome (FXTAS) and Fragile X - FXS is caused by a full mutation
Syndrome (FXS)? - FXTAS is a premutation
- FXS is present at birth, but display these features
in early life
- FXTAS develops in adulthood (usually after age
50) and the symptoms may appear slowly and
develop over the years
- FXTAS individuals are usually healthy with normal
cognitive skills prior to the onset
How is Fragile X-Associated - Being a FMR1 premutation carrier
Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome (FXTAS) - The appearance of neurological features such as
diagnosed? ataxia (balance problems), tremors, and other
symptoms
- MRI findings (changes in the brain)
https://quizlet.com/1167623559/wgu-d027-advanced-pathopharmacological-foundations-exam-2026-update-verified-questions-and-answers-latest-alr… 4/74
