PSYC 3980 Ch 12 Exam Questions With
Verified Answers
A researcher wants to run a 2 × 3 mixed factorial design. The first factor is
within-subjects. The second factor is between-subjects. If the researcher wants
20 observations per cell, which of the following is the correct number of
participants he will need in total? - ANSWER 60
Because only the second factor is between-subjects, the researcher needs a
different group of 20 people for each of those three levels
Koordeman et al. (2011) conducted a study on the effect of alcohol commercials
on alcohol consumption in a movie theater. Participants saw one of two types of
beverage commercials: alcoholic or nonalcoholic. Their consumption of alcohol
during the movie was then measured. Finally, they completed a questionnaire on
their usual drinking habits. Koordeman et al. found that young adults who
generally consume large amounts of alcohol each week were influenced to drink
more alcohol when they saw alcohol commercials, whereas the alcohol
consumption of young adults who generally consume small amounts of alcohol
each week was not influenced by the type of commercial shown.
Which type of design is this? - ANSWER independent-groups factorial design
There are four groups in the experiment - weekly consumers of large amounts of
alcohol who see the alcohol commercials, weekly consumers of large amounts
of alcohol who see the nonalcoholic commercials, weekly consumers of small
amounts of alcohol who see the alcohol commercials, and weekly consumers of
small amounts of alcohol who see the nonalcoholic commercials
Koordeman et al. (2011) conducted a study on the effect of alcohol commercials
on alcohol consumption in a movie theater. Participants saw one of two types of
beverage commercials: alcoholic or nonalcoholic. Their consumption of alcohol
during the movie was then measured. Finally, they completed a questionnaire on
their usual drinking habits. Koordeman et al. found that young adults who
generally consume large amounts of alcohol each week were influenced to drink
more alcohol when they saw alcohol commercials, whereas the alcohol
consumption of young adults who generally consume small amounts of alcohol
each week was not influenced by the type of commercial shown.
Which of the following is a participant variable in this study? - ANSWER amount
of alcohol consumed by the young adult during the week
The weekly alcohol consumption of the participant was measured, not
manipulated
Lisa is interested in how well people are able to detect whether another person
is a "cooperator," a "competitor," or an "individualist" simply by looking at a
, picture of the person's face. She wants to know which kind of face can be
identified most easily and whether this varies by the race of the person in the
picture. She designs a 2 × 3 within-group design where she has participants in
her study look at faces of African American people and Caucasian people who
are "cooperators," "competitors," or "individualists." The participants try to
identify the personality of the person in each picture and Lisa keeps track of the
number of pictures accurately identified for each picture type. Caucasian
"competitors" were identified more easily than the other two Caucasian
personality types, but there was no difference in accuracy for African American
faces.
Which of the following does this describe? - ANSWER a two-way interaction
between race and personality
This wording suggests the dependent variable was changed by the personality
manipulation in the Caucasian condition but not in the African American
condition
Susan designed a study in which she had a group of younger adults (18 to 24
years old) and older adults (50 to 65 years old). She had both groups recite a
poem by memory once in front of an audience of 50 people and once in a room
by themselves. She counterbalanced the order of these tasks between
participants. She had the participants rate their level of anxiety right before they
recited the poem each time.
Which type of study design is this? - ANSWER mixed factorial design
The age factor is between-groups and the audience size factor is within-groups,
so the design is mixed
The phrase "the difference in differences is different" suggests the presence of
which type of interaction? - ANSWER three-way
The phrase "the difference in differences is different" means the two-way
interaction between two of the independent variables depends on the level of a
third independent variable
Which of the following are the two main reasons researchers use factorial
designs? - ANSWER to test the limits of an effect and to test theories
Factorial designs can check the generalizability of a causal variable and find if
variable interactions are consistent with those predicted by theories
With three independent variables, there are three potential two-way
interactions. - ANSWER true
When describing a main effect, you do not need to mention any other
independent variable. - ANSWER true
If there is a three-way interaction, you should ignore any two-way interactions. -
ANSWER false
Verified Answers
A researcher wants to run a 2 × 3 mixed factorial design. The first factor is
within-subjects. The second factor is between-subjects. If the researcher wants
20 observations per cell, which of the following is the correct number of
participants he will need in total? - ANSWER 60
Because only the second factor is between-subjects, the researcher needs a
different group of 20 people for each of those three levels
Koordeman et al. (2011) conducted a study on the effect of alcohol commercials
on alcohol consumption in a movie theater. Participants saw one of two types of
beverage commercials: alcoholic or nonalcoholic. Their consumption of alcohol
during the movie was then measured. Finally, they completed a questionnaire on
their usual drinking habits. Koordeman et al. found that young adults who
generally consume large amounts of alcohol each week were influenced to drink
more alcohol when they saw alcohol commercials, whereas the alcohol
consumption of young adults who generally consume small amounts of alcohol
each week was not influenced by the type of commercial shown.
Which type of design is this? - ANSWER independent-groups factorial design
There are four groups in the experiment - weekly consumers of large amounts of
alcohol who see the alcohol commercials, weekly consumers of large amounts
of alcohol who see the nonalcoholic commercials, weekly consumers of small
amounts of alcohol who see the alcohol commercials, and weekly consumers of
small amounts of alcohol who see the nonalcoholic commercials
Koordeman et al. (2011) conducted a study on the effect of alcohol commercials
on alcohol consumption in a movie theater. Participants saw one of two types of
beverage commercials: alcoholic or nonalcoholic. Their consumption of alcohol
during the movie was then measured. Finally, they completed a questionnaire on
their usual drinking habits. Koordeman et al. found that young adults who
generally consume large amounts of alcohol each week were influenced to drink
more alcohol when they saw alcohol commercials, whereas the alcohol
consumption of young adults who generally consume small amounts of alcohol
each week was not influenced by the type of commercial shown.
Which of the following is a participant variable in this study? - ANSWER amount
of alcohol consumed by the young adult during the week
The weekly alcohol consumption of the participant was measured, not
manipulated
Lisa is interested in how well people are able to detect whether another person
is a "cooperator," a "competitor," or an "individualist" simply by looking at a
, picture of the person's face. She wants to know which kind of face can be
identified most easily and whether this varies by the race of the person in the
picture. She designs a 2 × 3 within-group design where she has participants in
her study look at faces of African American people and Caucasian people who
are "cooperators," "competitors," or "individualists." The participants try to
identify the personality of the person in each picture and Lisa keeps track of the
number of pictures accurately identified for each picture type. Caucasian
"competitors" were identified more easily than the other two Caucasian
personality types, but there was no difference in accuracy for African American
faces.
Which of the following does this describe? - ANSWER a two-way interaction
between race and personality
This wording suggests the dependent variable was changed by the personality
manipulation in the Caucasian condition but not in the African American
condition
Susan designed a study in which she had a group of younger adults (18 to 24
years old) and older adults (50 to 65 years old). She had both groups recite a
poem by memory once in front of an audience of 50 people and once in a room
by themselves. She counterbalanced the order of these tasks between
participants. She had the participants rate their level of anxiety right before they
recited the poem each time.
Which type of study design is this? - ANSWER mixed factorial design
The age factor is between-groups and the audience size factor is within-groups,
so the design is mixed
The phrase "the difference in differences is different" suggests the presence of
which type of interaction? - ANSWER three-way
The phrase "the difference in differences is different" means the two-way
interaction between two of the independent variables depends on the level of a
third independent variable
Which of the following are the two main reasons researchers use factorial
designs? - ANSWER to test the limits of an effect and to test theories
Factorial designs can check the generalizability of a causal variable and find if
variable interactions are consistent with those predicted by theories
With three independent variables, there are three potential two-way
interactions. - ANSWER true
When describing a main effect, you do not need to mention any other
independent variable. - ANSWER true
If there is a three-way interaction, you should ignore any two-way interactions. -
ANSWER false
