CRIM 101 Exam 1 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+||BRAND NEW VERSION!!

CRIM 101 Exam 1 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+||BRAND NEW VERSION!! Criminal Justice - Answer- Structure, functions, and processes of those agencies that deal with the management of crime Potential Biases in Major Sources of Info - Answer- Mass Media Legislators/Politicians Practitioners Academia Mass Media: Hollywood - Answer- For Profit Entertainment Mass Media: News Outlets - Answer- Sensationalized information For profit Not a public service Legislators/Politicians - Answer- Have learned that they need to be tough on crime to be elected Don't want to educate the public on crime, on the cost of crime Cost of Crime - Answer- Jail = $135/day = $49,275/yr Execution = $1-5 Million Practitioners - Answer- Law enforcement, district attorney Knowledgeable about the system Use fear as a motivator Know that is the public is scared they will vote to raise taxes which gives them more money Academia - Answer- Have a strong incentive to publish research 2 checks against: empirical evidence, peer review system of research Importance of critical thinking - Answer- Question sources of information Criminal Justice (vs. Criminology) - Answer- Focus on the system 3 banches: 1. Law enforcement 2. Courts 3. Corrections Each branches decisions affect the other 2 branches Criminology - Answer- Study of criminals Theory Causes of crime Criminal Justice "Nonsystem" - Answer- System implies cooperation, communication, harmony This does not exist in the criminal justice system No head of the criminal justice system Political rivalry - zero sum game for money Branches of justice work competitively as individual entities rather than as a part of an integrated whole History of Criminal Justice - Answer- 1931 - Wickersham Commission 1950 - Kefauver Committee 1964 - Presidential election 1967 - Presidential Commission & Report 1968 - Omnibus Crime Control & Safe Streets Act; Law Enforcement Asist. Admin (LEAA) Wickersham Commission (1931) - Answer- Organized crime tied to prohibition Distractions from crime: WW2, Great Depression Kefauver Committee (1950) - Answer- Organized crime post WW2 Distractions from crime: Korean War, Civil Rights movement Presidential election (1964) - Answer- First time organized crime became a national issue Presidential Commission & Report (1967) - Answer- President Lynden Johnson Officially launched the war on crime The Challenge of Crime in a Free Society = effectively fight crime while preserving individual rights Recommendations from commission: lower poverty (not a cause of crime but a factor), reduce injustice in the system, lack of professional training, is not empirically based, seek to prevent crime before it happens, police, courts, and corrections need more money, all need to be responsible for changing the system Commission made up of: 19 commissioners, 63 staff, 175 consultants, hundreds of advisers Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act (1968) - Answer- Came after a time of highly increased street crime all over America Gave the police more authority Different direction than the recommendations given in the 1967 Presidential Commission Viewed as a bad law - was not directly written to bring reforms to the system but was a political maneuver Law Enforcement Assit. Admin (1968) - Answer- Law Enforcement Education Program Gave funding and allowed criminal justice to be an academic discipline Provide grants Aimed at developing new devices, techniques, and approaches to law enforcement Due Process Model - Answer- If due process as been followed, then justice has been served, regardless of the outcome Stresses the possibility of errors in the stages leading to trial Constitutional Focus 4th amend - search and seizure 5th amend - right to remain silent 6th amend - counsel Supreme Court Justice Warren very focused on this (1953-69) Slower and more costly Crime Control Model - Answer- If the offender has been punished, then justice has been served Overtime Supreme Court has had this focus Emphasizes efficiency Plato - Answer- Crime and Justice are inversely related Jeffrey Reiman - Answer- System of injustice with just a mask of justice Need resources to get justice Different systems of justice for poor vs. rich Fair Sentencing Act of 2010 - Answer- Address the disparity in sentencing for crack cocaine vs. powder cocaine Was 100:1, lowered it to 18:1 Crack cocaine = lower class Powder cocaine = upper class Example of injustice between social classes