Essentials of Pediatric Nursing – 5th Edition by Terri Kyle & Susan Carman exam
140 + questions with correct answers 2026 latest update
A school-age child is admitted with suspected rheumatic fever following an
untreated streptococcal infection. The nurse notes joint pain, fever, and
involuntary movements. What is the priority nursing intervention?
A. Encourage physical activity
B. Administer prescribed antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medications
C. Restrict fluids
D. Delay treatment until lab confirmation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rheumatic fever requires prompt antibiotic therapy to eliminate
streptococcal infection and anti-inflammatory treatment to reduce complications
such as carditis.
A nurse is caring for an infant with pyloric stenosis who has projectile vomiting.
Which assessment finding is most expected?
A. Weight gain
B. Olive-shaped mass in the abdomen
C. Diarrhea
D. Increased urine output
1|Page
,Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An olive-shaped mass in the epigastric region is a classic sign of pyloric
stenosis.
A child with cystic fibrosis has thick mucus secretions. Which intervention is most
appropriate to promote airway clearance?
A. Restrict fluids
B. Chest physiotherapy and postural drainage
C. Limit activity
D. Avoid coughing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chest physiotherapy helps mobilize thick secretions for easier removal.
A nurse is assessing a child with Kawasaki disease. Which finding is most
concerning?
A. Strawberry tongue
B. Peeling skin
C. Coronary artery involvement
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,D. Fever
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most serious complication of Kawasaki disease is coronary artery
aneurysm.
A child with intussusception presents with severe abdominal pain and “currant
jelly” stools. What is the priority intervention?
A. Encourage oral intake
B. Prepare for air or barium enema
C. Apply heat to abdomen
D. Delay treatment
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Air or barium enema is both diagnostic and therapeutic.
A nurse is caring for a child with hemophilia. Which action should be avoided?
A. Applying pressure to bleeding sites
B. Administering IM injections
C. Providing factor replacement
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, D. Monitoring for bleeding
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: IM injections increase risk of bleeding in hemophilia.
A child with nephrotic syndrome is at risk for which complication?
A. Hypertension only
B. Infection due to protein loss
C. Increased urine output
D. Hypoglycemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Loss of immunoglobulins increases infection risk.
A nurse is assessing a child with developmental delay. Which factor is most
commonly associated?
A. Adequate nutrition
B. Genetic disorders
C. High activity level
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140 + questions with correct answers 2026 latest update
A school-age child is admitted with suspected rheumatic fever following an
untreated streptococcal infection. The nurse notes joint pain, fever, and
involuntary movements. What is the priority nursing intervention?
A. Encourage physical activity
B. Administer prescribed antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medications
C. Restrict fluids
D. Delay treatment until lab confirmation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rheumatic fever requires prompt antibiotic therapy to eliminate
streptococcal infection and anti-inflammatory treatment to reduce complications
such as carditis.
A nurse is caring for an infant with pyloric stenosis who has projectile vomiting.
Which assessment finding is most expected?
A. Weight gain
B. Olive-shaped mass in the abdomen
C. Diarrhea
D. Increased urine output
1|Page
,Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An olive-shaped mass in the epigastric region is a classic sign of pyloric
stenosis.
A child with cystic fibrosis has thick mucus secretions. Which intervention is most
appropriate to promote airway clearance?
A. Restrict fluids
B. Chest physiotherapy and postural drainage
C. Limit activity
D. Avoid coughing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chest physiotherapy helps mobilize thick secretions for easier removal.
A nurse is assessing a child with Kawasaki disease. Which finding is most
concerning?
A. Strawberry tongue
B. Peeling skin
C. Coronary artery involvement
2|Page
,D. Fever
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most serious complication of Kawasaki disease is coronary artery
aneurysm.
A child with intussusception presents with severe abdominal pain and “currant
jelly” stools. What is the priority intervention?
A. Encourage oral intake
B. Prepare for air or barium enema
C. Apply heat to abdomen
D. Delay treatment
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Air or barium enema is both diagnostic and therapeutic.
A nurse is caring for a child with hemophilia. Which action should be avoided?
A. Applying pressure to bleeding sites
B. Administering IM injections
C. Providing factor replacement
3|Page
, D. Monitoring for bleeding
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: IM injections increase risk of bleeding in hemophilia.
A child with nephrotic syndrome is at risk for which complication?
A. Hypertension only
B. Infection due to protein loss
C. Increased urine output
D. Hypoglycemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Loss of immunoglobulins increases infection risk.
A nurse is assessing a child with developmental delay. Which factor is most
commonly associated?
A. Adequate nutrition
B. Genetic disorders
C. High activity level
4|Page
