Regions of Central Italy? - ANSWER Tuscany
Latium
Umbria
Marche
Abruzzo
Main grape of Tuscany? - ANSWER Sangiovese
When were the first exports of Tuscany? - ANSWER 7th century BCE during the Estruscan
period.
Who was Medici? - ANSWER Grand Duke Cosimo Ill Medici
Designated four regions of production in Tuscany
Who was Bettino Ricasoli? - ANSWER Future prime minister of Italy that made Sangio the
dominant variety in Chianti and allowed Malvasia to soften the blend. This became the
standard for Tuscan wine.
What was the Dalmasso Commision? - ANSWER 1932 commision that created Chianti
along with 7 subzones which enabled large producers to make wine from a larger area but
still use the Chianti name.
At the time. the original area was named Chianti Classico.
1
,How is sharecropping important in Tuscany? - ANSWER Up to WW2 farmers would bor-
row land in exchange for half of production which resulted in little incentive for making qual-
ity wine.
What happened post WW2 in Tuscany? - ANSWER Aristocratic owners were joined by in-
vestors which increased the level of interest in the region.
First Supertuscans? What made them different? - ANSWER 68 - Sassicaia
71 - Tignanello
They included Bordeaux varieties and were aged in FR barrique to appeal to international
markets.
How were the first Super Tuscans released? - ANSWER Vino da Tavolo since they either
did not follow DOC rules or came from non standard areas.
When did DOC(G) originate in Tuscany? - ANSWER 1960s
1980s for DOCG, accelerating in 1990s (CC in 1996)
Is CC a subzone of Chianti DOCG? - ANSWER No, as of 1996 its own DOCG.
Climate of Tuscany? - ANSWER On the coast warm med with adequate rain (most in Au-
tumn or winter)
Inland with hot summers and cold winters. Normally some rain in the growing season includ-
ing harvest. Spring frost can hit.
Drought and high summer temps can be a problem in some years.
2
,Most planted grapes of Tuscany? - ANSWER Sangiovese
Treb Toscano
Merlot
CS
Italy's most planted grape variety? - ANSWER Sangiovese
10% of all vines in Italy
Sangiovese aka - ANSWER Morellino
Prugnolo Gentile
Growing properties of Sangiovese?
Ripening
Disease
Vigor - ANSWER Ripens late (rain)
Thin skin (botrytis)
Vigorous (management needed to avoid shading)
Where is the best Sangio grown in Tuscany? - ANSWER Sunny sites at 200-550m with s/se
exposure which give the grapes the best chance to ripen and slows the ripening process.
Best soils for Sangio? - ANSWER Friable shale limestone which provides excellent drain-
age but reasonably successful on clay.
Most common trellis for Sangio? - ANSWER Cordon Spur or Cane with VSP
3
, Clones of Sangio? - ANSWER Many but previously went for high yielding clones. Now,
moderate yields preferred for higher quality grapes.
CC 2000? - ANSWER Clonal research project which produced 7 clones with smaller ber-
ries, thicker skins and open bunches which produced deeper color, more flavor and more
disease resistance.
Most common hazards for Sangio? How do they prevent? - ANSWER Esca - Growers
avoiding large cuts in old wood to reduce vulnerability (adds cost).
Wild boars can cause damage. They add fencing (adds cost)
Growing properties of Treb Toscano?
Budding
Vigor
Disease
Ripening
Acid - ANSWER Late bud
Vigorous with high yields.
Prone to downy and Eutypa, otherwise resistant to disease.
Ripens well in the sun and heat while retaining high acid.
Treb Toscano aka? - ANSWER Ugni Blanc
4
Latium
Umbria
Marche
Abruzzo
Main grape of Tuscany? - ANSWER Sangiovese
When were the first exports of Tuscany? - ANSWER 7th century BCE during the Estruscan
period.
Who was Medici? - ANSWER Grand Duke Cosimo Ill Medici
Designated four regions of production in Tuscany
Who was Bettino Ricasoli? - ANSWER Future prime minister of Italy that made Sangio the
dominant variety in Chianti and allowed Malvasia to soften the blend. This became the
standard for Tuscan wine.
What was the Dalmasso Commision? - ANSWER 1932 commision that created Chianti
along with 7 subzones which enabled large producers to make wine from a larger area but
still use the Chianti name.
At the time. the original area was named Chianti Classico.
1
,How is sharecropping important in Tuscany? - ANSWER Up to WW2 farmers would bor-
row land in exchange for half of production which resulted in little incentive for making qual-
ity wine.
What happened post WW2 in Tuscany? - ANSWER Aristocratic owners were joined by in-
vestors which increased the level of interest in the region.
First Supertuscans? What made them different? - ANSWER 68 - Sassicaia
71 - Tignanello
They included Bordeaux varieties and were aged in FR barrique to appeal to international
markets.
How were the first Super Tuscans released? - ANSWER Vino da Tavolo since they either
did not follow DOC rules or came from non standard areas.
When did DOC(G) originate in Tuscany? - ANSWER 1960s
1980s for DOCG, accelerating in 1990s (CC in 1996)
Is CC a subzone of Chianti DOCG? - ANSWER No, as of 1996 its own DOCG.
Climate of Tuscany? - ANSWER On the coast warm med with adequate rain (most in Au-
tumn or winter)
Inland with hot summers and cold winters. Normally some rain in the growing season includ-
ing harvest. Spring frost can hit.
Drought and high summer temps can be a problem in some years.
2
,Most planted grapes of Tuscany? - ANSWER Sangiovese
Treb Toscano
Merlot
CS
Italy's most planted grape variety? - ANSWER Sangiovese
10% of all vines in Italy
Sangiovese aka - ANSWER Morellino
Prugnolo Gentile
Growing properties of Sangiovese?
Ripening
Disease
Vigor - ANSWER Ripens late (rain)
Thin skin (botrytis)
Vigorous (management needed to avoid shading)
Where is the best Sangio grown in Tuscany? - ANSWER Sunny sites at 200-550m with s/se
exposure which give the grapes the best chance to ripen and slows the ripening process.
Best soils for Sangio? - ANSWER Friable shale limestone which provides excellent drain-
age but reasonably successful on clay.
Most common trellis for Sangio? - ANSWER Cordon Spur or Cane with VSP
3
, Clones of Sangio? - ANSWER Many but previously went for high yielding clones. Now,
moderate yields preferred for higher quality grapes.
CC 2000? - ANSWER Clonal research project which produced 7 clones with smaller ber-
ries, thicker skins and open bunches which produced deeper color, more flavor and more
disease resistance.
Most common hazards for Sangio? How do they prevent? - ANSWER Esca - Growers
avoiding large cuts in old wood to reduce vulnerability (adds cost).
Wild boars can cause damage. They add fencing (adds cost)
Growing properties of Treb Toscano?
Budding
Vigor
Disease
Ripening
Acid - ANSWER Late bud
Vigorous with high yields.
Prone to downy and Eutypa, otherwise resistant to disease.
Ripens well in the sun and heat while retaining high acid.
Treb Toscano aka? - ANSWER Ugni Blanc
4
