Chapter 01: Mental Health and Mental Illness
Pollard: Varcarolis’s Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: A Clinical Approach, 3rd
Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following is considered an Advanced Practice
Intervention?
a. Conducting mental health assessments (MSA) T T T
b. Prescribing psychotropic medication T T
c. Establishing therapeutic relationships T T
d. Individualizing nursing care plans T T T
ANS: B T
Registered nurses and registered psychiatric nurses can further their
T T T T T T T T T
education at a baccalaureate levelor at the graduate level (master’s
T T T T T T T T T T
doctorate) and become qualified to practise psychiatric mental health
T T T T T T T T T
nursing at two levels – basic and advanced – developing on their
T T T T T T T T T T T T
education preparation. Prescriptive privileges are granted to master’s-
T T T T T T T
prepared Nurse Practitioners (NPs) as they have taken additional advanced courses on prescribing
T T T T T T T T T T T T T
medication. Appropriate use of diagnostic tests must be completed aswell as having hospital admitting
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
privileges. Establishing therapeutic relationship, conducting mental health assessments (MSAs), and
T T T T T T T T T T
individualizing nursing care plans are foundational psychiatric nursing skills. Therefore, they are
T T T T T T T T T T T T
considered Basic-Level Interventions.
T T
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) T T T
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
T MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
T T T T T T T T
2. Which has been identified as a priority for national plans and strategies in psychiatric mental health
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
nursing in Canada?T T
a. Decrease in the aging population T T T T
b. Increase in cultural diversity T T T
c. Role of the advanced practice nurse
T T T T T
d. Shortage of physicians in rural and urban areasT T T T T T T
ANS: B T
In early phases of strategic development, the Mental Health Commission of Canada identified cultural
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
diversity as a priority for national plans and strategies. Increasing cultural diversity within Canada
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
warrants deeper attention to culturally safe care and concern for the mental health consequences of
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
colonization and racism. An aging population and shortage of physicians are important to future
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
trends. The role of the advanced practice nurse is continuing to evolve in psychiatric mental health
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
nursing in Canada.T T
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) T T T T
TOP: Nursing Process: Outcome Evaluation
T T T T
MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
T T T T T T
3. Which serves as the official guide for diagnosing psychiatric disorders?
T T T T T T T T T
a. International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) T T T T
b. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) T T T T T T T
c. A behavioural health reference manual
T T T T
1
,Varcarolis's Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing 3rd Edition By Sonya Jakubec, Cheryl Pollard Test Bank
d. NurseOne online T
ANS: B T
The first Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) was published by the American
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
Psychiatric Association in 1952. Its purpose was to provide clinicians, educators, and researchers with a
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
common framework to understand and communicate about mental disorders. With a common
T T T T T T T T T T T T
understanding about mental disorders, researchers and clinicians could work together in their attempts
T T T T T T T T T T T T T
to improve care for people with mental illness. The current DSM-5 serves as the official guide for
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
diagnosing psychiatric disorders. The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) sets the global
T T T T T T T T T T T T
health information standard for mortality and morbidity statistics. Clinicians and researchers use this
T T T T T T T T T T T T T
classification system to define diseases, study disease patterns, monitor outcomes, and subsequently
T T T T T T T T T T T T
allocate resources based on the prevalence of disease. The Canadian Institute for Health Information
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
developed an enhanced version of the previous version, ICD-10 referred to as the ICD 10-CA period
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
that version extends beyond defining and classifying diseases to describe conditions and situations that
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
are not diseases, including for example, risk factors to health and psychosocial circumstances. A
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
behavioral health reference manual and NurseOne online are not used as official guides for diagnosis.
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) T T T
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
T MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
T T T T T T T T
4. When locating the description and diagnostic criteria for anxiety disorders, which resource would have
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
the most complete information?
T T T
a. Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) T T T
b. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)
T T T T T T T
c. The ANA’s Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing Scope and Standards of Practice
T T T T T T T T T
d. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems
T T T T T T T T T
(ICD-10)
ANS: B T
The DSM-5 details the diagnostic criteria for psychiatric clinical conditions and is the official guide for
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
diagnosing psychiatric disorders. The other references are good resources but do not define the
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
diagnostic criteria. T
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) T T T
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
T MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
T T T T T T T T
5. Which individual is demonstrating the highest level of resilience?
T T T T T T T T
a. An individual repressing their stressors who is having a difficult time coping with
T T T T T T T T T T T T T
activities of daily living (ADLs) T T T T
b. An individual who is in a depressed state after the death of their spouse
T T T T T T T T T T T T T
c. An individual who lives in a shelter for 2 years after their home is destroyed by a
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
fire
d. An individual who navigates and negotiates resources to support their well-being
T T T T T T T T T T
ANS: D T
2
,Varcarolis's Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing 3rd Edition By Sonya Jakubec, Cheryl Pollard Test Bank
A characteristic of mental health increasingly being promoted as essential to the recovery process is
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
resilience. Resilience is a process and outcome of complex, cultural systems, rather than as an
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
individual capacity to overcome adversity. In this way, when exposed to adversity, one’s resilience
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
depends on the navigation and negotiation of resources that can support well-being. Resilience is
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
closely associated with the process of adapting and helps people facing tragedies, loss, trauma, and
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
severe stress. An individual who is repressing their stressors may need support for developing coping
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
strategies. It is important for the individual who is in a depressed state after the death of their spouse to
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
navigate and negotiate resources that can support their well-being (e.g., grief support or counselling).
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
An individual living in a shelter needs immediate support and assistance when entering the shelter to
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
navigate services and supports. Shelters are short-term resources.
T T T T T T T
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
T T T T T
TOP: Nursing Process: Outcome Evaluation
T T T T T
MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
T T T T
6. A multidisciplinary team is working with two groups of patients diagnosed with depression. One group
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
of patients receives supportive interventions and psychotropic medication (e.g., antidepressants). The
T T T T T T T T T T T
other group receives only psychotropic medication. Outcomes are measured for each group. Which is
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
being studied? T
a. Incidence
b. Prevalence
c. Comorbidity
d. Clinical epidemiology T
ANS: D T
Clinical epidemiology is a broad field that addresses studies of the natural history (or what happens if
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
there is no treatment and the problem is left to run its course) of an illness, studies of diagnostic
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
screening tests, and observational and experimental studies of interventions used to treat people with
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
the illness or symptoms. Prevalence refers to numbers of new cases. Comorbidity refers to having
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
more than one mental disorder at a time. Incidence refers to the number of new cases of mental
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
disorders in a healthy population within a given period.
T T T T T T T T
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) T T T T
TOP: Nursing Process: Outcome Evaluation
T T T T
MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
T T T T T T
7. A category 5 tornado occurred in a community of 400 people, resulting in destruction of many homes
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
and businesses. In the 2 years after this disaster, 140 individuals were diagnosed with post-traumatic
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
stress disorder (PTSD). Which term best applies to these newly diagnosed individuals?
T T T T T T T T T T T
a. Prevalence
b. Comorbidity
c. Incidence
d. Clinical epidemiology T
ANS: C T
3
, Varcarolis's Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing 3rd Edition By Sonya Jakubec, Cheryl Pollard Test Bank
Incidence refers to the number of new cases of mental disorders in a healthy population within a given
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
period of time. Prevalence describes the total number of cases, new and existing, in a given population
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
during a specific period of time, regardless of when they became ill. Clinical epidemiology is a broad
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
field that addresses what happens after people with illnesses are seen by clinical care providers.
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
Comorbidity refers to having more than one mental disorder at a time.
T T T T T T T T T T T
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) T T T
TOP: Nursing Process: Planning| Nursing Process: Outcome Identification
T T T T T T T T
MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
T T T T T T
8. Which individual is considered to have positive attributes of mental health?
T T T T T T T T T T
a. An individual who can laugh and play
T T T T T T
b. An individual who is unable to experience joy
T T T T T T T
c. An individual who has a difficult time managing interpersonal conflict
T T T T T T T T T
d. An individual who has limited insight and judgement
T T T T T T T
ANS: A T
Mental health is described as more than merely the absence of mental disorders or disabilities.
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
Laughing and play are considered positive attributes of mental health. Individuals who are unable to
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
experience joy, who have a difficult time managing interpersonal conflict, and who have limited
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
insight and judgement may require further support, enhanced coping strategies and promotion of
T T T T T T T T T T T T T
positive mental health from mental health clinicians.
T T T T T T
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) T T T
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
T MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
T T T T T T
9. Which report highlighted the importance of issues related to mental health and mental illness in
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
Canada?
a. The ERB Report T T
b. The ERG Report T T
c. The EDD Report T T
d. The EPP Report T T
ANS: D T
Published in 1988, Mental Health for Canadians: Striking a Balance, commonly called the Epp
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
Report, highlighted the importance of issues related to mental health and mental illness in Canada. It
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
proposed seven guiding principles for the development of public policies to support mental health.
T T T T T T T T T T T T T
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) T T T
TOP: Nursing Process: Planning| Nursing Process: Outcome Identification
T T T T T T T T
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
T T T T T T
10. Which of the following indicates reflection and discovery of resilience?
T T T T T T T T T
a. Why do I not have the inner strength I once did?
T T T T T T T T T T
b. How have I gotten through difficult times?
T T T T T T
c. Why doesn’t anything ever go right for me?
T T T T T T T
d. Why do people always make me feel this way?
T T T T T T T T
ANS: B T
4
Pollard: Varcarolis’s Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: A Clinical Approach, 3rd
Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following is considered an Advanced Practice
Intervention?
a. Conducting mental health assessments (MSA) T T T
b. Prescribing psychotropic medication T T
c. Establishing therapeutic relationships T T
d. Individualizing nursing care plans T T T
ANS: B T
Registered nurses and registered psychiatric nurses can further their
T T T T T T T T T
education at a baccalaureate levelor at the graduate level (master’s
T T T T T T T T T T
doctorate) and become qualified to practise psychiatric mental health
T T T T T T T T T
nursing at two levels – basic and advanced – developing on their
T T T T T T T T T T T T
education preparation. Prescriptive privileges are granted to master’s-
T T T T T T T
prepared Nurse Practitioners (NPs) as they have taken additional advanced courses on prescribing
T T T T T T T T T T T T T
medication. Appropriate use of diagnostic tests must be completed aswell as having hospital admitting
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
privileges. Establishing therapeutic relationship, conducting mental health assessments (MSAs), and
T T T T T T T T T T
individualizing nursing care plans are foundational psychiatric nursing skills. Therefore, they are
T T T T T T T T T T T T
considered Basic-Level Interventions.
T T
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) T T T
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
T MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
T T T T T T T T
2. Which has been identified as a priority for national plans and strategies in psychiatric mental health
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
nursing in Canada?T T
a. Decrease in the aging population T T T T
b. Increase in cultural diversity T T T
c. Role of the advanced practice nurse
T T T T T
d. Shortage of physicians in rural and urban areasT T T T T T T
ANS: B T
In early phases of strategic development, the Mental Health Commission of Canada identified cultural
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
diversity as a priority for national plans and strategies. Increasing cultural diversity within Canada
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
warrants deeper attention to culturally safe care and concern for the mental health consequences of
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
colonization and racism. An aging population and shortage of physicians are important to future
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
trends. The role of the advanced practice nurse is continuing to evolve in psychiatric mental health
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
nursing in Canada.T T
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) T T T T
TOP: Nursing Process: Outcome Evaluation
T T T T
MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
T T T T T T
3. Which serves as the official guide for diagnosing psychiatric disorders?
T T T T T T T T T
a. International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) T T T T
b. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) T T T T T T T
c. A behavioural health reference manual
T T T T
1
,Varcarolis's Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing 3rd Edition By Sonya Jakubec, Cheryl Pollard Test Bank
d. NurseOne online T
ANS: B T
The first Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) was published by the American
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
Psychiatric Association in 1952. Its purpose was to provide clinicians, educators, and researchers with a
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
common framework to understand and communicate about mental disorders. With a common
T T T T T T T T T T T T
understanding about mental disorders, researchers and clinicians could work together in their attempts
T T T T T T T T T T T T T
to improve care for people with mental illness. The current DSM-5 serves as the official guide for
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
diagnosing psychiatric disorders. The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) sets the global
T T T T T T T T T T T T
health information standard for mortality and morbidity statistics. Clinicians and researchers use this
T T T T T T T T T T T T T
classification system to define diseases, study disease patterns, monitor outcomes, and subsequently
T T T T T T T T T T T T
allocate resources based on the prevalence of disease. The Canadian Institute for Health Information
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
developed an enhanced version of the previous version, ICD-10 referred to as the ICD 10-CA period
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
that version extends beyond defining and classifying diseases to describe conditions and situations that
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
are not diseases, including for example, risk factors to health and psychosocial circumstances. A
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
behavioral health reference manual and NurseOne online are not used as official guides for diagnosis.
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) T T T
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
T MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
T T T T T T T T
4. When locating the description and diagnostic criteria for anxiety disorders, which resource would have
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
the most complete information?
T T T
a. Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) T T T
b. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)
T T T T T T T
c. The ANA’s Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing Scope and Standards of Practice
T T T T T T T T T
d. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems
T T T T T T T T T
(ICD-10)
ANS: B T
The DSM-5 details the diagnostic criteria for psychiatric clinical conditions and is the official guide for
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
diagnosing psychiatric disorders. The other references are good resources but do not define the
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
diagnostic criteria. T
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) T T T
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation
T MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
T T T T T T T T
5. Which individual is demonstrating the highest level of resilience?
T T T T T T T T
a. An individual repressing their stressors who is having a difficult time coping with
T T T T T T T T T T T T T
activities of daily living (ADLs) T T T T
b. An individual who is in a depressed state after the death of their spouse
T T T T T T T T T T T T T
c. An individual who lives in a shelter for 2 years after their home is destroyed by a
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
fire
d. An individual who navigates and negotiates resources to support their well-being
T T T T T T T T T T
ANS: D T
2
,Varcarolis's Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing 3rd Edition By Sonya Jakubec, Cheryl Pollard Test Bank
A characteristic of mental health increasingly being promoted as essential to the recovery process is
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
resilience. Resilience is a process and outcome of complex, cultural systems, rather than as an
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
individual capacity to overcome adversity. In this way, when exposed to adversity, one’s resilience
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
depends on the navigation and negotiation of resources that can support well-being. Resilience is
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
closely associated with the process of adapting and helps people facing tragedies, loss, trauma, and
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
severe stress. An individual who is repressing their stressors may need support for developing coping
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
strategies. It is important for the individual who is in a depressed state after the death of their spouse to
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
navigate and negotiate resources that can support their well-being (e.g., grief support or counselling).
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
An individual living in a shelter needs immediate support and assistance when entering the shelter to
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
navigate services and supports. Shelters are short-term resources.
T T T T T T T
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)
T T T T T
TOP: Nursing Process: Outcome Evaluation
T T T T T
MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
T T T T
6. A multidisciplinary team is working with two groups of patients diagnosed with depression. One group
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
of patients receives supportive interventions and psychotropic medication (e.g., antidepressants). The
T T T T T T T T T T T
other group receives only psychotropic medication. Outcomes are measured for each group. Which is
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
being studied? T
a. Incidence
b. Prevalence
c. Comorbidity
d. Clinical epidemiology T
ANS: D T
Clinical epidemiology is a broad field that addresses studies of the natural history (or what happens if
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
there is no treatment and the problem is left to run its course) of an illness, studies of diagnostic
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
screening tests, and observational and experimental studies of interventions used to treat people with
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
the illness or symptoms. Prevalence refers to numbers of new cases. Comorbidity refers to having
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
more than one mental disorder at a time. Incidence refers to the number of new cases of mental
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
disorders in a healthy population within a given period.
T T T T T T T T
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) T T T T
TOP: Nursing Process: Outcome Evaluation
T T T T
MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
T T T T T T
7. A category 5 tornado occurred in a community of 400 people, resulting in destruction of many homes
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
and businesses. In the 2 years after this disaster, 140 individuals were diagnosed with post-traumatic
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
stress disorder (PTSD). Which term best applies to these newly diagnosed individuals?
T T T T T T T T T T T
a. Prevalence
b. Comorbidity
c. Incidence
d. Clinical epidemiology T
ANS: C T
3
, Varcarolis's Canadian Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing 3rd Edition By Sonya Jakubec, Cheryl Pollard Test Bank
Incidence refers to the number of new cases of mental disorders in a healthy population within a given
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
period of time. Prevalence describes the total number of cases, new and existing, in a given population
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
during a specific period of time, regardless of when they became ill. Clinical epidemiology is a broad
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
field that addresses what happens after people with illnesses are seen by clinical care providers.
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
Comorbidity refers to having more than one mental disorder at a time.
T T T T T T T T T T T
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) T T T
TOP: Nursing Process: Planning| Nursing Process: Outcome Identification
T T T T T T T T
MSC: Client Needs: Safe Effective Care Environment
T T T T T T
8. Which individual is considered to have positive attributes of mental health?
T T T T T T T T T T
a. An individual who can laugh and play
T T T T T T
b. An individual who is unable to experience joy
T T T T T T T
c. An individual who has a difficult time managing interpersonal conflict
T T T T T T T T T
d. An individual who has limited insight and judgement
T T T T T T T
ANS: A T
Mental health is described as more than merely the absence of mental disorders or disabilities.
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
Laughing and play are considered positive attributes of mental health. Individuals who are unable to
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
experience joy, who have a difficult time managing interpersonal conflict, and who have limited
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
insight and judgement may require further support, enhanced coping strategies and promotion of
T T T T T T T T T T T T T
positive mental health from mental health clinicians.
T T T T T T
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) T T T
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment
T MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
T T T T T T
9. Which report highlighted the importance of issues related to mental health and mental illness in
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
Canada?
a. The ERB Report T T
b. The ERG Report T T
c. The EDD Report T T
d. The EPP Report T T
ANS: D T
Published in 1988, Mental Health for Canadians: Striking a Balance, commonly called the Epp
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
Report, highlighted the importance of issues related to mental health and mental illness in Canada. It
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
proposed seven guiding principles for the development of public policies to support mental health.
T T T T T T T T T T T T T
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) T T T
TOP: Nursing Process: Planning| Nursing Process: Outcome Identification
T T T T T T T T
MSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
T T T T T T
10. Which of the following indicates reflection and discovery of resilience?
T T T T T T T T T
a. Why do I not have the inner strength I once did?
T T T T T T T T T T
b. How have I gotten through difficult times?
T T T T T T
c. Why doesn’t anything ever go right for me?
T T T T T T T
d. Why do people always make me feel this way?
T T T T T T T T
ANS: B T
4
