VerifiedAnatomy and Physiology 1 Exam 1 questions and answers

What is the basic structural and functional unit of life in the human body? ️️ The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life. What is the main role of the plasma membrane in a cell? ️️ It regulates what enters and leaves the cell. Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP? ️️ Mitochondria produce ATP through cellular respiration. What is homeostasis? ️️ Homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable internal environment. Which tissue type covers body surfaces? ️️ Epithelial tissue covers body surfaces and lines cavities. What is the primary function of red blood cells? ️️ They transport oxygen throughout the body. Which organ system controls body functions using hormones? ️️ The endocrine system controls body functions using hormones. What is the function of the nucleus? ️️ It controls cell activities and contains genetic material. What type of muscle is found in the heart? ️️ Cardiac muscle is found in the heart. What is diffusion? ️️ Diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration. What is osmosis? ️️ Osmosis is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane. Which tissue connects bones to bones? ️️ Ligaments connect bones to bones. What is the function of white blood cells? ️️ They protect the body against infection. 2 What is the smallest functional unit of the kidney? ️️ The nephron is the smallest functional unit of the kidney. What is the main function of the skeletal system? ️️ It provides support, protection, and movement. Which organ system is responsible for gas exchange? ️️ The respiratory system is responsible for gas exchange. What is the function of ribosomes? ️️ Ribosomes synthesize proteins. What is an organ? ️️ An organ is a group of tissues working together for a function. What is the main function of the digestive system? ️️ It breaks down food and absorbs nutrients. What is active transport? ️️ Active transport moves substances using energy against a gradient. What is the role of DNA? ️️ DNA stores genetic instructions for life processes. What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum? ️️ It synthesizes lipids and detoxifies substances. What is the main function of blood plasma? ️️ It transports nutrients, hormones, and waste. What is an example of connective tissue? ️️ Bone is an example of connective tissue. What is the role of enzymes? ️️ Enzymes speed up chemical reactions in the body. What is the function of the liver? ️️ The liver detoxifies chemicals and produces bile. What is a tissue? ️️ A tissue is a group of similar cells performing a function. What is the function of the skin? ️️ The skin protects the body and regulates temperature. 3 What is the main function of neurons? ️️ Neurons transmit electrical signals. What is the purpose of the lymphatic system? ️️ It removes waste and supports immunity. What is metabolism? ️️ Metabolism is all chemical reactions in the body. What is the function of the large intestine? ️️ It absorbs water and forms feces. What is the function of the pancreas? ️️ It produces digestive enzymes and hormones like insulin. What is a feedback mechanism? ️️ A feedback mechanism regulates physiological processes. What is the difference between arteries and veins? ️️ Arteries carry blood away from the heart, veins return it. What is the function of the cerebellum? ️️ It coordinates movement and balance. What is the main role of the heart? ️️ It pumps blood throughout the body. What is the function of the trachea? ️️ It carries air to the lungs. What is epithelial cell regeneration? ️️ It is the continuous replacement of epithelial cells. What is a hormone? ️️ A hormone is a chemical messenger in the body. What is the function of the urinary system? ️️ It removes waste and regulates fluid balance. What is the role of the cytoplasm? ️️ It supports organelles and cellular processes. What is the function of alveoli? ️️ Alveoli are sites of gas exchange in the lungs. 4 What is a membrane potential? ️️ It is the electrical difference across a cell membrane. What is the function of bones in mineral storage? ️️ Bones store calcium and phosphorus. What is the role of the hypothalamus? ️️ It regulates body temperature and homeostasis. What is the function of the spleen? ️️ It filters blood and supports immune function. What is a solute? ️️ A solute is a substance