PEDS 201 Exam 3: Nursing Care of Children V1 - Arizona
College Updated and Latest Questions and Correct
Answers with Rationale
1. A nurse is caring for a child admitted with a vaso-occlusive sickle cell crisis. Which of the following is the
priority nursing intervention?
A. Applying cold compresses to joints
B. Providing passive range of motion
C. Administering intravenous fluids
D. Monitoring for signs of infection
Ans: C
Explanation: Sickle cell crisis management prioritizes aggressive hydration to decrease blood viscosity.
Fluids help the sickled cells move more easily through the small blood vessels. This intervention reduces
the risk of further infarction and pain. Nurses should ensure that intravenous and oral intake are
maintained at high levels. Effective hydration is the cornerstone of treating vaso-occlusive episodes.
2. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to find in a child diagnosed with iron deficiency
anemia?
A. Tachycardia and irritability
B. Increased appetite
C. Flushed skin and hypertension
D. Bradycardia and sleepiness
Ans: A
,Explanation: Iron deficiency anemia leads to decreased oxygen-carrying capacity in the blood. The heart
compensates for this lack of oxygen by increasing the pulse rate. Irritability and fatigue are common
behavioral signs of systemic hypoxia. Paleness of the skin and mucous membranes is also frequently
observed. Understanding these signs helps the nurse assess the severity of the anemia.
3. A nurse is teaching parents of a child with Type 1 Diabetes about hypoglycemia. Which symptom should
be highlighted as a sign of low blood sugar?
A. Acetone breath odor
B. Extreme thirst and polyuria
C. Deep, rapid respirations
D. Trembling and diaphoresis
Ans: D
Explanation: Hypoglycemia triggers the sympathetic nervous system, leading to tremors and sweating.
These symptoms typically appear suddenly and require immediate glucose administration. Acetone
breath and rapid breathing are actually signs of hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis. Parents must be able to
distinguish between low and high blood sugar states. Quick recognition of sweating and shaking can
prevent seizures or coma.
4. A child is being evaluated for a suspected Wilms tumor. What action should the nurse strictly avoid
during the physical assessment?
A. Auscultating bowel sounds
B. Measuring blood pressure
C. Assessing for hematuria
D. Palpating the abdomen
, Ans: D
Explanation: Palpating the abdomen of a child with Wilms tumor can cause the tumor to rupture.
Rupture of the capsule may lead to the spread of malignant cells throughout the abdomen. This specific
precaution is vital for preventing metastasis during the diagnostic phase. Signs should be posted at the
bedside to warn all staff members. The nurse must rely on observation and other non-invasive
assessment techniques.
5. Which instruction is most important for a nurse to give the parents of a child wearing a Milwaukee brace
for scoliosis?
A. Wear the brace over a thick sweater.
B. Apply lotion under the brace to prevent dry skin.
C. The brace should be worn for 23 hours a day.
D. The brace should be removed only for sleep.
Ans: C
Explanation: Scoliosis braces are most effective when worn for the majority of the day and night.
Wearing the brace for 23 hours ensures maximum stabilization of the spinal curvature. The brace is
typically only removed for showering or skin care. Skin should be kept clean and dry, avoiding lotions
that can cause softening. Proper compliance is necessary to avoid the progression of the spinal curve.
6. A nurse is providing care for a child with bacterial meningitis. Which type of isolation precautions should
be implemented?
A. Contact precautions
B. Droplet precautions
C. Standard precautions only
College Updated and Latest Questions and Correct
Answers with Rationale
1. A nurse is caring for a child admitted with a vaso-occlusive sickle cell crisis. Which of the following is the
priority nursing intervention?
A. Applying cold compresses to joints
B. Providing passive range of motion
C. Administering intravenous fluids
D. Monitoring for signs of infection
Ans: C
Explanation: Sickle cell crisis management prioritizes aggressive hydration to decrease blood viscosity.
Fluids help the sickled cells move more easily through the small blood vessels. This intervention reduces
the risk of further infarction and pain. Nurses should ensure that intravenous and oral intake are
maintained at high levels. Effective hydration is the cornerstone of treating vaso-occlusive episodes.
2. Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to find in a child diagnosed with iron deficiency
anemia?
A. Tachycardia and irritability
B. Increased appetite
C. Flushed skin and hypertension
D. Bradycardia and sleepiness
Ans: A
,Explanation: Iron deficiency anemia leads to decreased oxygen-carrying capacity in the blood. The heart
compensates for this lack of oxygen by increasing the pulse rate. Irritability and fatigue are common
behavioral signs of systemic hypoxia. Paleness of the skin and mucous membranes is also frequently
observed. Understanding these signs helps the nurse assess the severity of the anemia.
3. A nurse is teaching parents of a child with Type 1 Diabetes about hypoglycemia. Which symptom should
be highlighted as a sign of low blood sugar?
A. Acetone breath odor
B. Extreme thirst and polyuria
C. Deep, rapid respirations
D. Trembling and diaphoresis
Ans: D
Explanation: Hypoglycemia triggers the sympathetic nervous system, leading to tremors and sweating.
These symptoms typically appear suddenly and require immediate glucose administration. Acetone
breath and rapid breathing are actually signs of hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis. Parents must be able to
distinguish between low and high blood sugar states. Quick recognition of sweating and shaking can
prevent seizures or coma.
4. A child is being evaluated for a suspected Wilms tumor. What action should the nurse strictly avoid
during the physical assessment?
A. Auscultating bowel sounds
B. Measuring blood pressure
C. Assessing for hematuria
D. Palpating the abdomen
, Ans: D
Explanation: Palpating the abdomen of a child with Wilms tumor can cause the tumor to rupture.
Rupture of the capsule may lead to the spread of malignant cells throughout the abdomen. This specific
precaution is vital for preventing metastasis during the diagnostic phase. Signs should be posted at the
bedside to warn all staff members. The nurse must rely on observation and other non-invasive
assessment techniques.
5. Which instruction is most important for a nurse to give the parents of a child wearing a Milwaukee brace
for scoliosis?
A. Wear the brace over a thick sweater.
B. Apply lotion under the brace to prevent dry skin.
C. The brace should be worn for 23 hours a day.
D. The brace should be removed only for sleep.
Ans: C
Explanation: Scoliosis braces are most effective when worn for the majority of the day and night.
Wearing the brace for 23 hours ensures maximum stabilization of the spinal curvature. The brace is
typically only removed for showering or skin care. Skin should be kept clean and dry, avoiding lotions
that can cause softening. Proper compliance is necessary to avoid the progression of the spinal curve.
6. A nurse is providing care for a child with bacterial meningitis. Which type of isolation precautions should
be implemented?
A. Contact precautions
B. Droplet precautions
C. Standard precautions only
