Easy to understand Anatomy &
Physiology Final Exam Review
questions and answers
What is the main function of red blood cells? ✔️✔️ To transport oxygen from the lungs to body
tissues
Which organ produces bile? ✔️✔️ The liver
What is the basic structural unit of the nervous system? ✔️✔️ The neuron
Which part of the brain controls balance and coordination? ✔️✔️ The cerebellum
What type of muscle is found in the heart? ✔️✔️ Cardiac muscle
What is the main function of the kidneys? ✔️✔️ To filter blood and produce urine
Which blood cells help fight infection? ✔️✔️ White blood cells
What is the functional unit of the kidney? ✔️✔️ The nephron
Which system controls hormones in the body? ✔️✔️ The endocrine system
What gas do humans inhale for survival? ✔️✔️ Oxygen
What gas is released during respiration? ✔️✔️ Carbon dioxide
Which organ is responsible for pumping blood? ✔️✔️ The heart
What is the largest organ in the human body? ✔️✔️ The skin
What connects muscle to bone? ✔️✔️ Tendons
What connects bone to bone? ✔️✔️ Ligaments
Which part of the eye controls light entry? ✔️✔️ The iris
What is the function of platelets? ✔️✔️ Blood clotting
Which system includes bones and joints? ✔️✔️ The skeletal system
1
,What is the main function of the lungs? ✔️✔️ Gas exchange
Where does digestion begin? ✔️✔️ In the mouth
Which enzyme starts carbohydrate digestion? ✔️✔️ Salivary amylase
What is the main function of the small intestine? ✔️✔️ Absorption of nutrients
What is the main function of the large intestine? ✔️✔️ Absorption of water
Which organ stores bile? ✔️✔️ The gallbladder
What is the main function of the pancreas? ✔️✔️ Produces digestive enzymes and hormones
Which hormone lowers blood glucose? ✔️✔️ Insulin
Which hormone raises blood glucose? ✔️✔️ Glucagon
What is the basic unit of life? ✔️✔️ The cell
What structure controls cell activities? ✔️✔️ The nucleus
What part of the cell produces energy? ✔️✔️ Mitochondria
What is the function of ribosomes? ✔️✔️ Protein synthesis
What fluid surrounds cells? ✔️✔️ Extracellular fluid
What is homeostasis? ✔️✔️ The maintenance of stable internal body conditions
Which system provides body movement? ✔️✔️ The muscular system
What is the main function of neurons? ✔️✔️ To transmit electrical signals
Which part of the spinal cord carries sensory information? ✔️✔️ Dorsal root
Which part carries motor signals? ✔️✔️ Ventral root
What is the function of alveoli? ✔️✔️ Gas exchange in lungs
Which vessel carries blood away from the heart? ✔️✔️ Arteries
Which vessel carries blood to the heart? ✔️✔️ Veins
2
, What is the liquid part of blood? ✔️✔️ Plasma
Which chamber receives oxygenated blood from lungs? ✔️✔️ Left atrium
Which chamber pumps blood to the body? ✔️✔️ Left ventricle
What prevents backflow in veins? ✔️✔️ Valves
What is the function of the diaphragm? ✔️✔️ Assists breathing
Which system fights disease? ✔️✔️ The immune system
What is the role of antibodies? ✔️✔️ To identify and neutralize pathogens
What is the function of the spleen? ✔️✔️ Filters blood and supports immunity
Which organ stores urine? ✔️✔️ The urinary bladder
What is the main function of the urethra? ✔️✔️ To expel urine from the body
What is the outer layer of the skin called? ✔️✔️ Epidermis
What is the inner layer of skin called? ✔️✔️ Dermis
What controls voluntary movement? ✔️✔️ The somatic nervous system
What controls involuntary actions? ✔️✔️ The autonomic nervous system
Which part of the brain controls breathing? ✔️✔️ The medulla oblongata
What is the function of sweat glands? ✔️✔️ To regulate body temperature
What is the role of cartilage? ✔️✔️ To cushion joints
What is the function of red bone marrow? ✔️✔️ Produces blood cells
Which hormone is produced by the thyroid? ✔️✔️ Thyroxine
What is the function of the hypothalamus? ✔️✔️ Regulates body temperature and hormones
Which part of the ear detects sound? ✔️✔️ The cochlea
Which structure maintains body posture? ✔️✔️ The skeleton and muscles
3
Physiology Final Exam Review
questions and answers
What is the main function of red blood cells? ✔️✔️ To transport oxygen from the lungs to body
tissues
Which organ produces bile? ✔️✔️ The liver
What is the basic structural unit of the nervous system? ✔️✔️ The neuron
Which part of the brain controls balance and coordination? ✔️✔️ The cerebellum
What type of muscle is found in the heart? ✔️✔️ Cardiac muscle
What is the main function of the kidneys? ✔️✔️ To filter blood and produce urine
Which blood cells help fight infection? ✔️✔️ White blood cells
What is the functional unit of the kidney? ✔️✔️ The nephron
Which system controls hormones in the body? ✔️✔️ The endocrine system
What gas do humans inhale for survival? ✔️✔️ Oxygen
What gas is released during respiration? ✔️✔️ Carbon dioxide
Which organ is responsible for pumping blood? ✔️✔️ The heart
What is the largest organ in the human body? ✔️✔️ The skin
What connects muscle to bone? ✔️✔️ Tendons
What connects bone to bone? ✔️✔️ Ligaments
Which part of the eye controls light entry? ✔️✔️ The iris
What is the function of platelets? ✔️✔️ Blood clotting
Which system includes bones and joints? ✔️✔️ The skeletal system
1
,What is the main function of the lungs? ✔️✔️ Gas exchange
Where does digestion begin? ✔️✔️ In the mouth
Which enzyme starts carbohydrate digestion? ✔️✔️ Salivary amylase
What is the main function of the small intestine? ✔️✔️ Absorption of nutrients
What is the main function of the large intestine? ✔️✔️ Absorption of water
Which organ stores bile? ✔️✔️ The gallbladder
What is the main function of the pancreas? ✔️✔️ Produces digestive enzymes and hormones
Which hormone lowers blood glucose? ✔️✔️ Insulin
Which hormone raises blood glucose? ✔️✔️ Glucagon
What is the basic unit of life? ✔️✔️ The cell
What structure controls cell activities? ✔️✔️ The nucleus
What part of the cell produces energy? ✔️✔️ Mitochondria
What is the function of ribosomes? ✔️✔️ Protein synthesis
What fluid surrounds cells? ✔️✔️ Extracellular fluid
What is homeostasis? ✔️✔️ The maintenance of stable internal body conditions
Which system provides body movement? ✔️✔️ The muscular system
What is the main function of neurons? ✔️✔️ To transmit electrical signals
Which part of the spinal cord carries sensory information? ✔️✔️ Dorsal root
Which part carries motor signals? ✔️✔️ Ventral root
What is the function of alveoli? ✔️✔️ Gas exchange in lungs
Which vessel carries blood away from the heart? ✔️✔️ Arteries
Which vessel carries blood to the heart? ✔️✔️ Veins
2
, What is the liquid part of blood? ✔️✔️ Plasma
Which chamber receives oxygenated blood from lungs? ✔️✔️ Left atrium
Which chamber pumps blood to the body? ✔️✔️ Left ventricle
What prevents backflow in veins? ✔️✔️ Valves
What is the function of the diaphragm? ✔️✔️ Assists breathing
Which system fights disease? ✔️✔️ The immune system
What is the role of antibodies? ✔️✔️ To identify and neutralize pathogens
What is the function of the spleen? ✔️✔️ Filters blood and supports immunity
Which organ stores urine? ✔️✔️ The urinary bladder
What is the main function of the urethra? ✔️✔️ To expel urine from the body
What is the outer layer of the skin called? ✔️✔️ Epidermis
What is the inner layer of skin called? ✔️✔️ Dermis
What controls voluntary movement? ✔️✔️ The somatic nervous system
What controls involuntary actions? ✔️✔️ The autonomic nervous system
Which part of the brain controls breathing? ✔️✔️ The medulla oblongata
What is the function of sweat glands? ✔️✔️ To regulate body temperature
What is the role of cartilage? ✔️✔️ To cushion joints
What is the function of red bone marrow? ✔️✔️ Produces blood cells
Which hormone is produced by the thyroid? ✔️✔️ Thyroxine
What is the function of the hypothalamus? ✔️✔️ Regulates body temperature and hormones
Which part of the ear detects sound? ✔️✔️ The cochlea
Which structure maintains body posture? ✔️✔️ The skeleton and muscles
3
