WGU D513 POPULATION RISK PRACTICE
EXAMINATION 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ Why does the lecture say the biological view of gender is limited?.
Answer: Because it assumes hormones and chromosomes fully determine
gendered behavior and identity. The session argues that this does not explain
the complexity of gender identity, gender expression, intersex variation, and
the lived realities of people whose biology and identity do not fit a strict
binary.
◍ What is secondary prevention?.
Answer: Prevention focused on early detection and early intervention so
disease is identified and managed before progressing. Examples include
mammograms and blood pressure screening.
◍ What is romantic orientation?.
Answer: Romantic orientation refers to a person's pattern of romantic
attraction and may or may not align with sexual attraction.
◍ What is stratified randomization?.
Answer: A method that separates subjects into strata based on an important
prognostic factor and then randomizes within each stratum to further protect
against confounding.
◍ What are weaknesses of RCTs?.
Answer: They face ethical constraints, are expensive and time-consuming,
may be poor for rare diseases or long-delayed outcomes, and participants
may not be representative of real-world patients.
◍ What is epidemiology?.
Answer: Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of
, health-related states in specified populations, and the application of that
study to control health problems. The key words are distribution,
determinants, specified populations, and application.
◍ What is confounding?.
Answer: Confounding occurs when groups differ in ways other than the
exposure of interest, and those other differences independently influence
disease risk. Confounding can create a false association or hide a real one.
◍ What is the difference between target population, study population, and
study sample?.
Answer: Target population = the broader group you want to draw
conclusions about.Study population = the accessible subset from which you
can sample.Study sample = the actual people studied.Epidemiologic
inference depends on how well the sample represents the population of
interest.
◍ Descriptive Epi Research.
Answer: •Answers questions to provide information about the occurrence
and distribution of disease in a population•Correlational, NOT
CAUSAL--Looks for associations among factors-"Women who were
attending college in west Baltimore were 10 times more likely to report high
quality of life than those who were not."•Advantages-generate hypotheses
for case-control studies and environmental studies-target high-risk
populations, time-periods, or geographic regions for future studiesExample:
National Health Interview SurveyRandom sampleProvides demographic and
health information of nation
◍ Where do nurses tend to intervene?.
Answer: Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Prevention
◍ Risk Reduction.
Answer: Focuses on facilitating behaviors that enable people to react to
threats to health/safety through early identification and avoidance or
minimization of risk.Examples of risk reduction activities are:a)Injury
preventionb)Immunizationsc)Screenings
, ◍ What is an observational study?.
Answer: An observational study examines people under prevailing
conditions without manipulating the study environment or assigning
exposure. Participants are not randomly assigned.
◍ What is descriptive epidemiology?.
Answer: Descriptive epidemiology uses data to describe distribution of a
health condition or event in a community using person, place, and time.
◍ The following are examples of ___________.-SARS-CoV-2 which causes
COVID-19.
Answer: Agent
◍ What is sexual orientation?.
Answer: Sexual orientation refers to emotional, physical, and sexual
attraction to others, as well as the expression of that attraction.
◍ What are strengths of RCTs?.
Answer: They provide the strongest basis for causal inference, minimize
confounding through randomization, establish clear temporal sequence,
allow blinding, and can measure incidence and multiple outcomes.
◍ What is the difference between sex and gender?.
Answer: Sex refers to biological characteristics, such as chromosomes,
reproductive anatomy, and hormone patterns. Gender refers to the
psychosocial, cultural, and social dimensions of identity, role, and
expression. The lecture is very clear that sex is not gender, and that reducing
gender entirely to biology is a limited view.
◍ What kinds of transgender terminology does the lecture say are outdated or
non-affirming?.
Answer: "Transgendered," "a transgender," "pre-op/post-op,"
"male-to-female," "female-to-male," "the sex a person was born," and "sex
change surgery." The lecture recommends affirming language such as
"transgender woman," "transgender man," "assigned sex at birth," and
"gender confirmation surgery."
EXAMINATION 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◍ Why does the lecture say the biological view of gender is limited?.
Answer: Because it assumes hormones and chromosomes fully determine
gendered behavior and identity. The session argues that this does not explain
the complexity of gender identity, gender expression, intersex variation, and
the lived realities of people whose biology and identity do not fit a strict
binary.
◍ What is secondary prevention?.
Answer: Prevention focused on early detection and early intervention so
disease is identified and managed before progressing. Examples include
mammograms and blood pressure screening.
◍ What is romantic orientation?.
Answer: Romantic orientation refers to a person's pattern of romantic
attraction and may or may not align with sexual attraction.
◍ What is stratified randomization?.
Answer: A method that separates subjects into strata based on an important
prognostic factor and then randomizes within each stratum to further protect
against confounding.
◍ What are weaknesses of RCTs?.
Answer: They face ethical constraints, are expensive and time-consuming,
may be poor for rare diseases or long-delayed outcomes, and participants
may not be representative of real-world patients.
◍ What is epidemiology?.
Answer: Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of
, health-related states in specified populations, and the application of that
study to control health problems. The key words are distribution,
determinants, specified populations, and application.
◍ What is confounding?.
Answer: Confounding occurs when groups differ in ways other than the
exposure of interest, and those other differences independently influence
disease risk. Confounding can create a false association or hide a real one.
◍ What is the difference between target population, study population, and
study sample?.
Answer: Target population = the broader group you want to draw
conclusions about.Study population = the accessible subset from which you
can sample.Study sample = the actual people studied.Epidemiologic
inference depends on how well the sample represents the population of
interest.
◍ Descriptive Epi Research.
Answer: •Answers questions to provide information about the occurrence
and distribution of disease in a population•Correlational, NOT
CAUSAL--Looks for associations among factors-"Women who were
attending college in west Baltimore were 10 times more likely to report high
quality of life than those who were not."•Advantages-generate hypotheses
for case-control studies and environmental studies-target high-risk
populations, time-periods, or geographic regions for future studiesExample:
National Health Interview SurveyRandom sampleProvides demographic and
health information of nation
◍ Where do nurses tend to intervene?.
Answer: Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Prevention
◍ Risk Reduction.
Answer: Focuses on facilitating behaviors that enable people to react to
threats to health/safety through early identification and avoidance or
minimization of risk.Examples of risk reduction activities are:a)Injury
preventionb)Immunizationsc)Screenings
, ◍ What is an observational study?.
Answer: An observational study examines people under prevailing
conditions without manipulating the study environment or assigning
exposure. Participants are not randomly assigned.
◍ What is descriptive epidemiology?.
Answer: Descriptive epidemiology uses data to describe distribution of a
health condition or event in a community using person, place, and time.
◍ The following are examples of ___________.-SARS-CoV-2 which causes
COVID-19.
Answer: Agent
◍ What is sexual orientation?.
Answer: Sexual orientation refers to emotional, physical, and sexual
attraction to others, as well as the expression of that attraction.
◍ What are strengths of RCTs?.
Answer: They provide the strongest basis for causal inference, minimize
confounding through randomization, establish clear temporal sequence,
allow blinding, and can measure incidence and multiple outcomes.
◍ What is the difference between sex and gender?.
Answer: Sex refers to biological characteristics, such as chromosomes,
reproductive anatomy, and hormone patterns. Gender refers to the
psychosocial, cultural, and social dimensions of identity, role, and
expression. The lecture is very clear that sex is not gender, and that reducing
gender entirely to biology is a limited view.
◍ What kinds of transgender terminology does the lecture say are outdated or
non-affirming?.
Answer: "Transgendered," "a transgender," "pre-op/post-op,"
"male-to-female," "female-to-male," "the sex a person was born," and "sex
change surgery." The lecture recommends affirming language such as
"transgender woman," "transgender man," "assigned sex at birth," and
"gender confirmation surgery."
