WILKES NSG 533 Exam 3 Advanced
Pharmacology Questions and Answers
1. What are the major pathophysiologic characteristics associated with
asthma-
ANS Wheezing, SOB, Chest tightness, Cough. Contraction of airway smooth muscle, increased mucus
production, airway
edema, remodeling
2. Asthma
ANS Characterized by variable, reversible episodes of brochoconstriction, late inflammation and
bron- chospasm
3. What are precipitating factors and triggers associated with asthma?
ANS Exercise, allergen exposure, weather changes, respiratory infection
4. After a diagnosis is made, what factors are used to determine the
compo- nents of severity?
ANS Daytime asthma symptoms > 2X per week, nighttime awakenings, reliever for symptoms > 2X
per week, activity limitation d/t asthma
5. What are quick relief meds?
ANS 1) bronchodilators; Short acting beta agonists (SABA), Short acting anticholinergics
1/
8
, (SAMA), 2) systemic corticosteroids
6. Long term controller meds for asthma?
ANS Anti inflammatory, Bronchodilators, Long acting anti- cholinergics (LAMA),
Methylxanthines
7. Why is theophylline out of favor?
ANS Use is limited due to narrow therapeutic window, multiple drug interactions,
questionable eflcacy, and adverse effects
8. Inhaled Corticosteroids (ICS)
ANS Potent anti-inflammatory agent, they decrease airway inflammation, attenuate airway
hyperresponsiveness and minimize mucus production and secretions
9. Examples of ICS
ANS Fluticasone, Budesonide, Beclomethasone, Ciclesonide
10. Long Acting Beta Agonists (LABA)
ANS Used as add-on therapy for asthma not controlled with ICS
alone. Works by stimulating the beta-2 adrenergic receptors in the lungs, resulting in a relaxation of
bronchial smooth muscle (bronchodilation) Benefits; improved pulmonary function, more symptom free days,
decreased need for SABA
11. Examples of LABA
ANS Salmeterol, Vilanterol
2/
8
Pharmacology Questions and Answers
1. What are the major pathophysiologic characteristics associated with
asthma-
ANS Wheezing, SOB, Chest tightness, Cough. Contraction of airway smooth muscle, increased mucus
production, airway
edema, remodeling
2. Asthma
ANS Characterized by variable, reversible episodes of brochoconstriction, late inflammation and
bron- chospasm
3. What are precipitating factors and triggers associated with asthma?
ANS Exercise, allergen exposure, weather changes, respiratory infection
4. After a diagnosis is made, what factors are used to determine the
compo- nents of severity?
ANS Daytime asthma symptoms > 2X per week, nighttime awakenings, reliever for symptoms > 2X
per week, activity limitation d/t asthma
5. What are quick relief meds?
ANS 1) bronchodilators; Short acting beta agonists (SABA), Short acting anticholinergics
1/
8
, (SAMA), 2) systemic corticosteroids
6. Long term controller meds for asthma?
ANS Anti inflammatory, Bronchodilators, Long acting anti- cholinergics (LAMA),
Methylxanthines
7. Why is theophylline out of favor?
ANS Use is limited due to narrow therapeutic window, multiple drug interactions,
questionable eflcacy, and adverse effects
8. Inhaled Corticosteroids (ICS)
ANS Potent anti-inflammatory agent, they decrease airway inflammation, attenuate airway
hyperresponsiveness and minimize mucus production and secretions
9. Examples of ICS
ANS Fluticasone, Budesonide, Beclomethasone, Ciclesonide
10. Long Acting Beta Agonists (LABA)
ANS Used as add-on therapy for asthma not controlled with ICS
alone. Works by stimulating the beta-2 adrenergic receptors in the lungs, resulting in a relaxation of
bronchial smooth muscle (bronchodilation) Benefits; improved pulmonary function, more symptom free days,
decreased need for SABA
11. Examples of LABA
ANS Salmeterol, Vilanterol
2/
8
