NUR 163 Final Exam 2026/2027 | Concepts of Practical Nursing: Care of Elderly Patients | Hondros College | Actual Exam Verified Answers with Detailed Rationales | Grade A | Gerontology & LPN/LVN Nursing Prep | Downloadable PDF

INSTANT PDF DOWNLOAD — This is the comprehensive Final Exam preparation guide for NUR 163 - Concepts of Practical Nursing: Care of Elderly Patients (2026/2027) at Hondros College of Nursing, featuring actual exam verified answers with detailed rationales. Designed for practical nursing (LPN/LVN) students, this resource consolidates the essential gerontological nursing concepts required to master the NUR 163 Final Exam and achieve a Grade A. The guide is meticulously aligned with Hondros College curriculum, NCLEX-PN® test plan, and current evidence-based geriatric nursing practice standards. This verified resource provides comprehensive coverage of key NUR 163 Care of Elderly Patients Final Exam topics, including: Common Geriatric Syndromes (falls—leading cause of injury and death in older adults, one-third of community-dwelling adults ≥65 fall each year (50% by age 80), 10-20% of falls cause serious injury (fracture (hip, wrist, pelvis, spine, humerus), head injury (subdural hematoma, intracranial hemorrhage, concussion), laceration, sprain, strain), risk factors (intrinsic (age, history of falls, gait/balance disorder, muscle weakness (sarcopenia), lower extremity weakness, arthritis, Parkinson's disease, stroke, multiple sclerosis, peripheral neuropathy, cognitive impairment (dementia, delirium), vision impairment (cataracts, glaucoma, macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, presbyopia), hearing impairment, orthostatic hypotension, polypharmacy (≥4 medications, especially CNS-active drugs (benzodiazepines, antipsychotics, antidepressants (SSRIs, TCAs), antiepileptics, opioids, muscle relaxants, antihypertensives (diuretics, alpha-blockers, beta-blockers, CCBs), hypoglycemics (sulfonylureas, insulin), anticholinergics (oxybutynin, tolterodine, diphenhydramine, hydroxyzine, amitriptyline, nortriptyline, paroxetine)), urinary incontinence (urgency, nocturia, frequent toileting at night, rushing to bathroom), fear of falling, nutritional deficiencies (vitamin D, calcium, protein, B12)), extrinsic (environmental hazards (loose rugs, poor lighting, clutter, uneven surfaces, slippery floors, lack of handrails/grab bars, stairs without handrails, high bed, bed without brakes, no call light within reach, pets underfoot, electrical cords, furniture with wheels, low chairs without armrests, unstable furniture, throw rugs, door thresholds, poor contrast (steps, ramps, curbs), ice/snow/rain/wet leaves), inappropriate footwear (smooth soles, high heels, slippers, backless shoes, loose-fitting shoes, stocking feet), assistive device misuse (cane/walker/crutches improper height, worn rubber tips, not using prescribed device)), medications (Beers Criteria potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) in older adults: benzodiazepines (avoid, increased falls, fractures, cognitive impairment, delirium, dependence, withdrawal seizures, increased mortality), non-benzodiazepine hypnotics (zolpidem, eszopiclone, zaleplon) (avoid chronic use, increased falls, fractures, cognitive impairment, delirium, daytime sedation, motor vehicle crashes), antipsychotics (avoid in dementia-related psychosis, increased mortality, stroke, falls, cognitive decline, EPS, tardive dyskinesia, metabolic syndrome, use non-pharmacologic first), antidepressants (TCAs (amitriptyline, nortriptyline, imipramine, doxepin 6mg) (avoid, anticholinergic, orthostatic hypotension, sedation, falls, fractures), SSRIs (paroxetine (avoid, strong anticholinergic, falls, fractures, hyponatremia (SIADH), GI bleeding)), MAOIs (avoid), muscle relaxants (cyclobenzaprine, carisoprodol, methocarbamol, metaxalone, tizanidine, baclofen, orphenadrine) (avoid, anticholinergic, sedation, falls, fractures, limited efficacy), first-generation antihistamines (diphenhydramine, hydroxyzine, chlorpheniramine, brompheniramine, cyproheptadine, promethazine) (avoid, anticholinergic, sedation, falls, confusion, cognitive decline, delirium, urinary retention, constipation, dry mouth, blurred vision), anticholinergics (oxybutynin (immediate release), tolterodine (immediate release), solifenacin, darifenacin, fesoterodine, trospium (avoid in older adults with urinary incontinence, use non-pharmacologic (bladder training, pelvic floor exercises