MINNESOTA CNA COMPREHENSIVE 2026/2027
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔Friction* - ✔✔Rubbing against the surface
✔✔Gastrostomy* - ✔✔Opening into the stomach
✔✔Hygiene - ✔✔Methods of preserving health; usually refers to keeping the body clean
✔✔Ileostomy* - ✔✔An opening into the small intestine
✔✔Lesion - ✔✔An opening or sore on the skin
✔✔Ostomy* - ✔✔Surgical creation of a stoma
✔✔Paralysis - ✔✔Loss of function (sensation of movement), usually of an extremity
(arm or leg), could be all of the body
✔✔Perineal Care (Peri-Care)* - ✔✔Bathing or cleaning the area of the body which
includes the genitals (external sex organs), groin, and rectal areas.
✔✔Podiatrist* - ✔✔Individual who specializes in the care of feet
✔✔Pressure Ulcers (Decubitus)* - ✔✔Any lesion caused by unrelieved pressure that
result in damage to the underlying tissues. Although friction and shear are not primary
causes of pressure ulcers, they are important contributing factors to the development of
pressure ulcers. Develop where bones are close to the skin surface with continuous
pressure and lack of blood supply to the area.
✔✔Shearing* - ✔✔Force of the skin over the bone when the bone moves but the skin
stays at the point of contact
✔✔Stoma* - ✔✔An artificial opening between a body cavity and the body surface
✔✔Tracheostomy* - ✔✔Opening into the windpipe (trachea) in the neck
✔✔Ureterostomy* - ✔✔Ureter tube taking urine from the kidney attached to the surface
of the skin
✔✔Abduction - ✔✔Movement away from the body
✔✔Active Range of Motion* - ✔✔Range of motion exercises completed by the resident
without assistance. Also referred to as AROM
, ✔✔Adaptive Equipment - ✔✔Items such as eating utensils which are altered to make
them easier to use by residents with fictional limitations
✔✔Adduction - ✔✔Movement towards the body
✔✔Ambulate* - ✔✔To walk or assist the resident to walk
✔✔Atrophy* - ✔✔Decrease in size or strength
✔✔Contractures* - ✔✔Shortening or contraction of a muscle. May be due to spasms or
paralysis and may be permanent
✔✔Degeneration* - ✔✔Breakdown, deteriorate
✔✔Exercise - ✔✔Physical activity or series of specific body movements designed to
strengthen the body or parts of the body
✔✔Extension - ✔✔To straighten
✔✔External Rotation - ✔✔To rotate the joint away or outward
✔✔Flexion - ✔✔To bend
✔✔Fowler's Position* - ✔✔Body position alignment of resident sitting in bed with the
head of the bed elevated between 60-90 degrees, also referred to as High Fowler's
✔✔Hemiplegia* - ✔✔Paralysis of one side of the body
✔✔Internal Rotation - ✔✔To rotate the joint inward
✔✔Paraplegia* - ✔✔Paralysis (loss of sensation of voluntary movement) of the lower
part of the body and both legs
✔✔Passive Range of Motion* - ✔✔Exercises completed for residents who are
paralyzed or unable to move their own joints freely or may not even be able to move at
all. Also referred to as PROM
✔✔Pivot - ✔✔Turning motion
✔✔Progressive Mobilization - ✔✔Process that builds on activity steps which increase
the resident's abilities
✔✔Prone Position* - ✔✔Body position of resident lying on their stomach in bed
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔Friction* - ✔✔Rubbing against the surface
✔✔Gastrostomy* - ✔✔Opening into the stomach
✔✔Hygiene - ✔✔Methods of preserving health; usually refers to keeping the body clean
✔✔Ileostomy* - ✔✔An opening into the small intestine
✔✔Lesion - ✔✔An opening or sore on the skin
✔✔Ostomy* - ✔✔Surgical creation of a stoma
✔✔Paralysis - ✔✔Loss of function (sensation of movement), usually of an extremity
(arm or leg), could be all of the body
✔✔Perineal Care (Peri-Care)* - ✔✔Bathing or cleaning the area of the body which
includes the genitals (external sex organs), groin, and rectal areas.
✔✔Podiatrist* - ✔✔Individual who specializes in the care of feet
✔✔Pressure Ulcers (Decubitus)* - ✔✔Any lesion caused by unrelieved pressure that
result in damage to the underlying tissues. Although friction and shear are not primary
causes of pressure ulcers, they are important contributing factors to the development of
pressure ulcers. Develop where bones are close to the skin surface with continuous
pressure and lack of blood supply to the area.
✔✔Shearing* - ✔✔Force of the skin over the bone when the bone moves but the skin
stays at the point of contact
✔✔Stoma* - ✔✔An artificial opening between a body cavity and the body surface
✔✔Tracheostomy* - ✔✔Opening into the windpipe (trachea) in the neck
✔✔Ureterostomy* - ✔✔Ureter tube taking urine from the kidney attached to the surface
of the skin
✔✔Abduction - ✔✔Movement away from the body
✔✔Active Range of Motion* - ✔✔Range of motion exercises completed by the resident
without assistance. Also referred to as AROM
, ✔✔Adaptive Equipment - ✔✔Items such as eating utensils which are altered to make
them easier to use by residents with fictional limitations
✔✔Adduction - ✔✔Movement towards the body
✔✔Ambulate* - ✔✔To walk or assist the resident to walk
✔✔Atrophy* - ✔✔Decrease in size or strength
✔✔Contractures* - ✔✔Shortening or contraction of a muscle. May be due to spasms or
paralysis and may be permanent
✔✔Degeneration* - ✔✔Breakdown, deteriorate
✔✔Exercise - ✔✔Physical activity or series of specific body movements designed to
strengthen the body or parts of the body
✔✔Extension - ✔✔To straighten
✔✔External Rotation - ✔✔To rotate the joint away or outward
✔✔Flexion - ✔✔To bend
✔✔Fowler's Position* - ✔✔Body position alignment of resident sitting in bed with the
head of the bed elevated between 60-90 degrees, also referred to as High Fowler's
✔✔Hemiplegia* - ✔✔Paralysis of one side of the body
✔✔Internal Rotation - ✔✔To rotate the joint inward
✔✔Paraplegia* - ✔✔Paralysis (loss of sensation of voluntary movement) of the lower
part of the body and both legs
✔✔Passive Range of Motion* - ✔✔Exercises completed for residents who are
paralyzed or unable to move their own joints freely or may not even be able to move at
all. Also referred to as PROM
✔✔Pivot - ✔✔Turning motion
✔✔Progressive Mobilization - ✔✔Process that builds on activity steps which increase
the resident's abilities
✔✔Prone Position* - ✔✔Body position of resident lying on their stomach in bed
