ATI Pharmacology A | High-Yield Questions
&Answers, Detailed Rationales & RN Exam Prep
Mastery Guide |100% Verified and Updated
|Latest Exam and Newest Version | Graded A+
and Highly Rationalized!!!!
A nurse is assessing a client's vital signs prior to the administration
of PO digoxin. The client's BP is 144/86 mm Hg, heart rate is 55/min,
and respiratory rate is 20/min. The nurse should withhold the
medication and contact the provider for which of the following
findings?
A. Diastolic BP
B. Systolic BP
C. Heart rate
D. Respiratory rate
Answer: C
RATIONALE:
A. Digoxin increases cardiac output and reduces the heart rate. A
diastolic BP of 86 mm Hg is not a cause for withholding the
medication and contacting the provider.
B. Digoxin increases cardiac output and reduces the heart rate. A
systolic BP of 140 mm Hg is not a cause for withholding the
medication and contacting the provider.
C. Digoxin slows the conduction rate through the SA and AV nodes,
,thereby decreasing the heart rate. The nurse should withhold the
medication and notify the provider for a heart rate of
D. Digoxin increases cardiac output and reduces heart rate. A
respiratory rate of 20/min is not a cause for withholding the
medication and contacting the provider.
A nurse is instructing a client on the application of nitroglycerin
transdermal patches. Which of the following statements by the client
indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. "I should apply a patch every 5 minutes if I develop chest pain."
B. "I will take the patch off right after my evening meal."
C. "I will leave the patch off at least 1 day each week."
D. "I should discard the used patch by flushing it down the toilet."
Answer: B
RATIONALE:
A. Nitroglycerin sublingual tablets are used to treat new onset of
angina pain. A client who uses sublingual tablets should place one
tablet under their tongue at the onset of angina pain and continue
taking a tablet every 5 min for a total of three doses of nitroglycerin.
The effects of a nitroglycerin patch will take 30 to 60 min to occur
and are not useful to prevent an ongoing angina attack.
B. Clients should remove the patch each evening for a medication
free time of 12 to 14 hr before applying a new patch to avoid
developing a tolerance to the medication's effects.
C. Nitroglycerin is an antianginal medication that results in dilation of
the coronary vessels. Clients should apply the patch daily to sustain
prophylaxis.
,D. Medication remains in the transdermal patch after removing it
from the body and must be discarded safely. The nurse should
instruct the client to fold the patch ends together with the medication
on the inside and place the discarded patch in a closed container so
that children and pets cannot gain access to the medication.
A nurse receives a verbal order from the provider to administer
morphine five milligrams every 4 hours subcutaneously for severe
pain as needed. The nurse should identify which of the following
entries as the correct format for the medication administration
record (MAR)?
A. MSO4 5 mg subcut every 4 hr PRN severe pain
B. Morphine 5 mg subcut every 4 hr PRN severe pain
C. MSO4 5 mg SQ every 4 hr PRN severe pain
D. Morphine 5.0 mg subcutaneously every 4 hr PRN severe pain
Answer: B
RATIONALE:
A. The use of the abbreviation MSO4 is prohibited by The Joint
Commission. The medication name of morphine must be spelled out
to reduce the risk for error.
B. The nurse should identify this entry as the correct format for the
MAR. The medication name is spelled out and there are not any
abbreviations from The Joint Commission's "Do Not Use" list
included in the transcription.
C. The use of the abbreviations MSO4 and SQ are prohibited by The
Joint Commission. The abbreviation SQ can be mistaken for SL and,
therefore, this route should be written as subcut, subq, or
subcutaneously.
D. The trailing zero on 5.0 can be mistaken for 50 if the decimal point
, is missed. Therefore, the dosage should be written as 5 mg without a
trailing zero.
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking acetazolamide for chronic
open-angle glaucoma. For which of the following adverse effects
should the nurse instruct the client to monitor and report?
A. Tingling of fingers
B. Constipation
C. Weight gain
D. Oliguria
Answer: A
RATIONALE:
A. The nurse should instruct the client to report the adverse effect of
paresthesia, a tingling sensation in the extremities, when taking
acetazolamide.
B. Diarrhea is an adverse effect of acetazolamide due to
gastrointestinal disturbances.
C. Weight loss is an adverse effect of acetazolamide due to
gastrointestinal disturbances causing reduced appetite.
D. Polyuria, rather than oliguria, is an adverse effect of
acetazolamide.
A nurse administers a dose of metformin to a client instead of the
prescribed dose of metoclopramide. Which of the following actions
should the nurse take first?
A. Report the incident to the charge nurse.
B. Notify the provider.
&Answers, Detailed Rationales & RN Exam Prep
Mastery Guide |100% Verified and Updated
|Latest Exam and Newest Version | Graded A+
and Highly Rationalized!!!!
A nurse is assessing a client's vital signs prior to the administration
of PO digoxin. The client's BP is 144/86 mm Hg, heart rate is 55/min,
and respiratory rate is 20/min. The nurse should withhold the
medication and contact the provider for which of the following
findings?
A. Diastolic BP
B. Systolic BP
C. Heart rate
D. Respiratory rate
Answer: C
RATIONALE:
A. Digoxin increases cardiac output and reduces the heart rate. A
diastolic BP of 86 mm Hg is not a cause for withholding the
medication and contacting the provider.
B. Digoxin increases cardiac output and reduces the heart rate. A
systolic BP of 140 mm Hg is not a cause for withholding the
medication and contacting the provider.
C. Digoxin slows the conduction rate through the SA and AV nodes,
,thereby decreasing the heart rate. The nurse should withhold the
medication and notify the provider for a heart rate of
D. Digoxin increases cardiac output and reduces heart rate. A
respiratory rate of 20/min is not a cause for withholding the
medication and contacting the provider.
A nurse is instructing a client on the application of nitroglycerin
transdermal patches. Which of the following statements by the client
indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. "I should apply a patch every 5 minutes if I develop chest pain."
B. "I will take the patch off right after my evening meal."
C. "I will leave the patch off at least 1 day each week."
D. "I should discard the used patch by flushing it down the toilet."
Answer: B
RATIONALE:
A. Nitroglycerin sublingual tablets are used to treat new onset of
angina pain. A client who uses sublingual tablets should place one
tablet under their tongue at the onset of angina pain and continue
taking a tablet every 5 min for a total of three doses of nitroglycerin.
The effects of a nitroglycerin patch will take 30 to 60 min to occur
and are not useful to prevent an ongoing angina attack.
B. Clients should remove the patch each evening for a medication
free time of 12 to 14 hr before applying a new patch to avoid
developing a tolerance to the medication's effects.
C. Nitroglycerin is an antianginal medication that results in dilation of
the coronary vessels. Clients should apply the patch daily to sustain
prophylaxis.
,D. Medication remains in the transdermal patch after removing it
from the body and must be discarded safely. The nurse should
instruct the client to fold the patch ends together with the medication
on the inside and place the discarded patch in a closed container so
that children and pets cannot gain access to the medication.
A nurse receives a verbal order from the provider to administer
morphine five milligrams every 4 hours subcutaneously for severe
pain as needed. The nurse should identify which of the following
entries as the correct format for the medication administration
record (MAR)?
A. MSO4 5 mg subcut every 4 hr PRN severe pain
B. Morphine 5 mg subcut every 4 hr PRN severe pain
C. MSO4 5 mg SQ every 4 hr PRN severe pain
D. Morphine 5.0 mg subcutaneously every 4 hr PRN severe pain
Answer: B
RATIONALE:
A. The use of the abbreviation MSO4 is prohibited by The Joint
Commission. The medication name of morphine must be spelled out
to reduce the risk for error.
B. The nurse should identify this entry as the correct format for the
MAR. The medication name is spelled out and there are not any
abbreviations from The Joint Commission's "Do Not Use" list
included in the transcription.
C. The use of the abbreviations MSO4 and SQ are prohibited by The
Joint Commission. The abbreviation SQ can be mistaken for SL and,
therefore, this route should be written as subcut, subq, or
subcutaneously.
D. The trailing zero on 5.0 can be mistaken for 50 if the decimal point
, is missed. Therefore, the dosage should be written as 5 mg without a
trailing zero.
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking acetazolamide for chronic
open-angle glaucoma. For which of the following adverse effects
should the nurse instruct the client to monitor and report?
A. Tingling of fingers
B. Constipation
C. Weight gain
D. Oliguria
Answer: A
RATIONALE:
A. The nurse should instruct the client to report the adverse effect of
paresthesia, a tingling sensation in the extremities, when taking
acetazolamide.
B. Diarrhea is an adverse effect of acetazolamide due to
gastrointestinal disturbances.
C. Weight loss is an adverse effect of acetazolamide due to
gastrointestinal disturbances causing reduced appetite.
D. Polyuria, rather than oliguria, is an adverse effect of
acetazolamide.
A nurse administers a dose of metformin to a client instead of the
prescribed dose of metoclopramide. Which of the following actions
should the nurse take first?
A. Report the incident to the charge nurse.
B. Notify the provider.
