National Pilates Certification Practice QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2026 | A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED

National Pilates Certification Practice
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2026 | A+ GRADED
100% VERIFIED
• Planes of Motion . Answer: Transverse, Frontal, Sagittal

• Transverse Plane . Answer: divides the body into superior and inferior
parts

• frontal (coronal) plane . Answer: vertical plane dividing the body or
structure into anterior and posterior portions

• Sagittal Plane . Answer: a vertical plane that divides the body into right
and left parts

• Cephalad . Answer: toward the head (upward)

• Caudal . Answer: toward the tail

• Extension . Answer: increases the angle of a joint

• Flexion . Answer: Decreases the angle of a joint

• Abduction . Answer: Movement away from the midline of the body

• Adduction . Answer: Movement toward the midline of the body

• Medial Rotation . Answer: rotational movement towards the midline

• Lateral Rotation . Answer: outward (lateral) movement of a body
segment in the transverse plane

• Circumduction . Answer: circular movement of a limb at the far end

,• Supination . Answer: movement that turns the palm up

• Pronation . Answer: movement that turns the palm down

• Elevation . Answer: raising a body part

• Depression . Answer: lowering a body part

• Inversion . Answer: Turning the sole of the foot inward

• Eversion . Answer: turning the sole of the foot outward

• Plantar Flexion . Answer: bending of the sole of the foot by curling the
toes toward the ground, pointing the toes

• Dorsiflexion . Answer: bending of the foot or the toes upward

• Protraction . Answer: moving a body part forward and parallel to the
ground

• Retraction Axial Elongation . Answer: moving a body part backward
and parallel to the ground

• Long Bones . Answer: bones that are longer than they are wide, arms
and legs

• Short Bones . Answer: bones of the wrist and ankles

• Flat Bones . Answer: These bones are thin, flat, and curved. They form
the ribs, breastbone, and skull.

• Irregular Bones . Answer: bones of the vertebrae and face

, • Fibrous Joints . Answer: consists of inflexible layers of dense
connective tissue, holds the bones tightly together. Immovable. Sutures,
Gomphoses, Syndesmoses.

• sutures, syndesmoses, gomphoses . Answer: three types of fibrous
joints

• Sutures . Answer: immovable joints of the skull

• Gomphoses . Answer: Peg-in-socket joints of teeth in alveolar sockets
Fibrous connection is the periodontal ligament

• Syndesmoses . Answer: Joint in which two bones are bound only by
ligaments

• Cartilaginous Joints . Answer: allow only slight movement and consist
of bones connected entirely by cartilage. Synchondroses, Symphesis.

• Synchondroses . Answer: a joint in which the bones are united by
hyaline cartilage

• Symphesis . Answer: Bones cover with hyaline cartilage that is fused
to a middle plate of fibrocartilage
Amphiarthroses

• Synovial Joints . Answer: freely movable joints. Ball and socket,
hinge, saddle, gliding, ellipsoid, pivot

• Ball and socket joint . Answer: shoulder and hip

• Hinge Joint . Answer: Joint between bones (as at the elbow or knee)
that permits motion in only one plane

• Saddle Joint . Answer: type of joint found at the base of each thumb;
allows grasping and rotation