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Patho Chapter 6 Epigenetics and Disease Exam Questions With Correct Answers

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Patho Chapter 6 Epigenetics and Disease Exam Questions With Correct Answers

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Patho Chapter 6 Epigenetics and // // // //




Disease Exam Questions With Correct
// // // // //




Answers
// //




Epigenetics - CORRECT ANSWERS(S)✔✔are chemical // // // //



modifications of DNA sequences that alter the expression of
// // // // // // // // //



genes, resulting in disease and phenotypical variations (upon
// // // // // // // //



genetics)
//




types of epigenetic modifications - CORRECT ANSWERS(S)✔✔>
// // // // // //



DNA modification
// //




> histone modification
// //




> Microribonucleic acids (miRNAs) or mature miRNAs
// // // // // // //




> specific environmental or non genetic factors, such as diet and
// // // // // // // // // //



exposure to certain chemicals can affect epigenetic
// // // // // // //




DNA methylation - CORRECT ANSWERS(S)✔✔> is the
// // // // // //



attachment of a methyl group to a cytosine base that is followed
// // // // // // // // // // // //



by a guanine base; also know as CpG dinucleotide
// // // // // // // // //




> causes a gene to become transcriptionally inactive or silent
// // // // // // // // //


//




> key component in X inactivation
// // // // //

, Transcriptional silence of DNA methylation - CORRECT
// // // // // //



ANSWERS(S)✔✔When DNA sequence in the promoter region of
// // // // // // // //



a gene becomes heavily methylated, DNA is less likely to be
// // // // // // // // // // //



transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA).
// // // // //




Aberrant methylation - CORRECT ANSWERS(S)✔✔is the silencing
// // // // // //



of tumor suppressor genes in cancer development
// // // // // // //




Methylation Process - CORRECT ANSWERS(S)✔✔
// // // //




Histone modifications act - CORRECT ANSWERS(S)✔✔in diverse
// // // // // //



biological processes such as transcriptional
// // // // //



activation/inactivation, chromosome packaging, and DNA
// // // // //



damage/repair.
//




Histone modifications (e.g. histone acetylation and deacetylation,
// // // // // //



alterations in chromatin) - CORRECT ANSWERS(S)✔✔Chromatin
// // // // // //



compaction and organization help to regulate gene expression,
// // // // // // // //



determining and maintaining cell identity
// // // // //




Housekeeping genes - CORRECT ANSWERS(S)✔✔aka. mRNA
// // // // //

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