CALT Exam Study Guide (2026) |
Guaranteed Success
• CTOPP (Comprehensive Test of Phonological Processing) . Answer:
assesses phonological awareness, phonological memory and rapid
naming.
• TOWRE2- test of word reading efficiency . Answer: - ages 6-24-
measures sight-word efficiency (ability to pronounce printed words),
phonetic-decoding efficiency (ability to pronounce phonemically regular
non-words),
• DIBELS (Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills) . Answer:
a set of procedures and measures for assessing the acquisition of early
literacy skills. They are designed to be short (one minute) fluency
measures used to regularly monitor the development of early literacy
and early reading skills.
• Brigance . Answer: a series of 12 assessments, including language
development, science and math proficiencies and gross motor skills.
• AimsWeb . Answer: a benchmark and progress monitoring system
based on direct, frequent. and continuous student assessment using brief,
accurate measures of reading, math, spelling, and writing.
• Tier 1 Vocabulary . Answer: Basic words-- rarely require direct
instruction and do not typically have multiple meanings.
• Tier 2 Vocabulary . Answer: Vocabulary words that occur across a
variety of domains and are important for direct instruction.High
Frequency/ Multiple Meaning Vocabulary.
• Tier 3 Vocabulary . Answer: Vocabulary words that are specific to
domains (i.e. jargon). Low Frequency/ Context Specific Vocabulary.
, • Decoding . Answer: the process of translating print into speech by
rapidly matching a letter or combination of letters (graphemes) to their
sounds (phonemes)
• Encoding . Answer: the process of hearing a sound and being able to
write a symbol to represent that sound.
• Segmenting . Answer: Separating the individual phonemes, or sounds,
or syllables of a word into discrete units.
• Blending . Answer: combining individual phonemes to form words or
combining onsets and rimes to make syllables, then combining syllables
to make words.
• Deleting . Answer: manipulate spoken words by deleting specific
phonemes.
• Multidimensional Fluency Scale . Answer: rubric (1-4) to rate reader
fluency in the areas of accuracy, expression and volume, phrasing,
smoothness, and pace.
• Sight Words . Answer: words children identify quickly, accurately, and
effortlessly.
• Nonsense Words . Answer: words or parts of words which do not exist
in the language you are using
• High Frequency Words . Answer: Words most often used in the
English language
• Morpheme . Answer: in a language, the smallest unit that carries
meaning; may be a word or a part of a word (such as a prefix)
Guaranteed Success
• CTOPP (Comprehensive Test of Phonological Processing) . Answer:
assesses phonological awareness, phonological memory and rapid
naming.
• TOWRE2- test of word reading efficiency . Answer: - ages 6-24-
measures sight-word efficiency (ability to pronounce printed words),
phonetic-decoding efficiency (ability to pronounce phonemically regular
non-words),
• DIBELS (Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills) . Answer:
a set of procedures and measures for assessing the acquisition of early
literacy skills. They are designed to be short (one minute) fluency
measures used to regularly monitor the development of early literacy
and early reading skills.
• Brigance . Answer: a series of 12 assessments, including language
development, science and math proficiencies and gross motor skills.
• AimsWeb . Answer: a benchmark and progress monitoring system
based on direct, frequent. and continuous student assessment using brief,
accurate measures of reading, math, spelling, and writing.
• Tier 1 Vocabulary . Answer: Basic words-- rarely require direct
instruction and do not typically have multiple meanings.
• Tier 2 Vocabulary . Answer: Vocabulary words that occur across a
variety of domains and are important for direct instruction.High
Frequency/ Multiple Meaning Vocabulary.
• Tier 3 Vocabulary . Answer: Vocabulary words that are specific to
domains (i.e. jargon). Low Frequency/ Context Specific Vocabulary.
, • Decoding . Answer: the process of translating print into speech by
rapidly matching a letter or combination of letters (graphemes) to their
sounds (phonemes)
• Encoding . Answer: the process of hearing a sound and being able to
write a symbol to represent that sound.
• Segmenting . Answer: Separating the individual phonemes, or sounds,
or syllables of a word into discrete units.
• Blending . Answer: combining individual phonemes to form words or
combining onsets and rimes to make syllables, then combining syllables
to make words.
• Deleting . Answer: manipulate spoken words by deleting specific
phonemes.
• Multidimensional Fluency Scale . Answer: rubric (1-4) to rate reader
fluency in the areas of accuracy, expression and volume, phrasing,
smoothness, and pace.
• Sight Words . Answer: words children identify quickly, accurately, and
effortlessly.
• Nonsense Words . Answer: words or parts of words which do not exist
in the language you are using
• High Frequency Words . Answer: Words most often used in the
English language
• Morpheme . Answer: in a language, the smallest unit that carries
meaning; may be a word or a part of a word (such as a prefix)
